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Python Me

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9 views

Python Me

Python besics

Uploaded by

danielmeseret804
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Python Fundamentals: A Beginner's Guide

Chapter 1: Introduction to Python

- What is Python?

- Installing Python and setting up your environment

- Using an IDE or text editor

- Running your first Python program: 'Hello, World!'

Example

print("Hello, World!")

Chapter 2: Variables and Data Types

- Introduction to variables and how to declare them.

- Primitive Data Types: Integers, Floats, Strings, Booleans.

- Using type functions to check data types.

Example

age = 30

name = "John"

is_student = True

height = 5.9

# Check data types

print(type(age)) # Output: <class 'int'>

Chapter 3: Operators

- Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **.

- Comparison Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=.

- Logical Operators: and, or, not.

- Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=.


Example

a = 10

b=3

# Arithmetic operations

sum_result = a + b # 13

division_result = a / b # 3.33

# Comparison

is_equal = (a == b) # False

# Logical operations

if a > 5 and b < 5:

print("Both conditions are true")

Chapter 4: Control Structures

- Conditional Statements: if, elif, else.

- Loops: for loop and while loop.

Example

# If-Else Example

age = 18

if age >= 18:

print("Adult")

else:

print("Minor")

# For loop

for i in range(5):

print(i)

# While loop

count = 0
while count < 3:

print("Count:", count)

count += 1

Chapter 5: Functions

- Defining and calling functions.

- Understanding function parameters and return values.

- Default arguments and keyword arguments.

Example

def greet(name="User"):

return f"Hello, {name}"

# Call the function

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice

print(greet()) # Output: Hello, User

Chapter 6: Lists and List Manipulation

- Creating lists.

- Accessing and modifying elements.

- Common list methods: append(), remove(), pop(), sort(), reverse().

- List slicing.

Example

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

print(fruits[0]) # Output: apple

fruits.append("orange") # Adding an item

fruits.remove("banana") # Removing an item

# List slicing

print(fruits[1:3]) # Output: ['cherry', 'orange']


Chapter 7: Dictionaries and Sets

- Understanding dictionaries (key-value pairs).

- Accessing, adding, and removing key-value pairs.

- Dictionary methods: get(), items(), keys().

- Introduction to sets and common operations.

Example

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

# Access value

print(person["name"]) # Output: Alice

# Add key-value pair

person["city"] = "New York"

# Using get() to avoid KeyError

print(person.get("email", "Not Found")) # Output: Not Found

Chapter 8: Tuples

- Introduction to tuples: immutable sequences.

- Tuple operations.

- Unpacking tuples.

Example

coordinates = (10, 20)

# Accessing tuple elements

x, y = coordinates

print(x, y) # Output: 10 20

Chapter 9: Input and Output

- Using input() to take user input.

- Formatting strings.
- Basic output with print().

Example

name = input("Enter your name: ")

print(f"Hello, {name}")

Chapter 10: File Handling

- Opening, reading, and writing files.

- Using with for file management.

Example

# Reading from a file

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:

content = file.read()

print(content)

# Writing to a file

with open("output.txt", "w") as file:

file.write("Hello, World!")

Chapter 11: Error Handling

- Understanding exceptions and how to handle them.

- Using try, except, finally blocks.

Example

try:

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

result = 10 / num

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("You cannot divide by zero!")


except ValueError:

print("Invalid input! Please enter a number.")

finally:

print("Execution completed.")

Chapter 12: Basic Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

- Introduction to classes and objects.

- Defining classes and creating instances.

- Using constructors (__init__).

- Basic inheritance.

Example

class Car:

def __init__(self, model, year):

self.model = model

self.year = year

def display_info(self):

print(f"Model: {self.model}, Year: {self.year}")

# Creating an object

my_car = Car("Toyota", 2020)

my_car.display_info() # Output: Model: Toyota, Year: 2020

Chapter 13: Conclusion: Next Steps in Python

- Recap of the basics.

- Resources for deeper learning: websites, books, and courses.

- Moving on to intermediate topics like modules, decorators, and working with libraries.

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