MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

BY KING OF MATHS
PAWAN SIR
𝑪𝑨𝑳𝑳 𝟗𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟖
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MAGNETIC FIELD: It is the space or region around any magnet or any moving
MAGNET: It is a substance which attract iron or iron like substances. charge or any current carrying wire in which a freely suspended magnetic
QUESTION 1: How magnet attract only iron or iron like substances? needle shows deflection.
SOLUTION: By the property of magnetization. 𝑖

PROPERTIES OF MAGNET:
N S 𝒒→
1. It has two poles NORTH (N) AND SOUTH (S).
Moving charge
➢ It is represented by →.
𝐵 Current
2. Like poles repel each other. ➢ It’s S.I. unit is Tesla (T).
➢ It is a vector quantity.
carrying wire

MAGNETIC FIELD LINES: It is the line or curve drawn in the region of

3. Unlike poles attract each other. magnetic field on which a freely suspended magnetic substance tend to move.

4. Magnetic monopole does not exist. 𝑵 𝑺

𝟑𝑫 𝑴𝑶𝑫𝑬𝑳

MAGNETIC NEEDLE / COMPASS: It is a device made-

up of magnetic material which shows direction. REMARK
1. The magnetic field lines are in the direction of north to south outside the magnet
NATURAL MAGNET: Magnetite or Lodestone and south to north inside the magnet
𝐹𝑒3 𝑂4 , a naturally occurring black iron ore, is a 𝑁 → 𝑆 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡
natural magnet. 𝑆 → 𝑁 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡
2. Magnetic field lines are continuous.
QUESTION 2: Why a freely suspended magnetic Reason: Because a freely suspended magnetic needle shows deflection at every
needle align itself in north-south direction? point in the region of magnetic field and does not jump from one point to
REASON: Because earth’s geographic north pole another point.
is magnetic south pole and geographic south pole 3. Magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. Why?
is magnetic north pole and like poles repel each other. Reason: since magnetic field lines are in the direction of north to south outside the
magnet and south to north inside the magnet and they are continuous
and magnetic monopole does not exist.
 MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
BY KING OF MATHS
PAWAN SIR
𝑪𝑨𝑳𝑳 𝟗𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟖
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4.The tangent at any point on the magnetic field line represent the direction of magnetic ii. When direction of
field. current is reversed
→
𝑩 then the direction
of magnetic needle
also reversed.

5. Any two magnetic field lines never intersect each other. Why? iii. Key is open means there
Reason: If they do so, then there will be two 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 at the point of Intersection is no current and there is
which 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 the two 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 of magnetic field is at that point which no deflection.
not possible. →
→ 𝑩
𝑩
CONCLUSION:
➢ Current carrying
conductor produces magnetic field.
➢ current carrying wire behaves as a magnet.

MAGNETIC FIELD DUE TO CURRENT THROUGH STRAIGHT CONDUCTOR. 𝒊

OERSTED’S EXPERIMENT: ➢ Magnetic field lines are concentric circles.
i. When current is ➢ Near the wire magnetic field is strong and
passes magnetic farther the wire magnetic field is weak.
needle shows ➢ 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 ↑↑↑↑↑↑ ⇒ 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 ↓↓↓↓↓↓.
deflection. ➢ 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖 ↑↑↑↑↑↑⇒ 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 ↑↑↑↑↑↑.

DIRECTION OF MAGNETIC DUE CURRENT CARRYING WIRE.

RIGHT HAND THUMB RULE:
If we hold a current carrying wire in right hand such that the thumb is directed
toward current then fingers will wrap in the direction of magnetic field.
𝑖

𝑖
 MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
BY KING OF MATHS
PAWAN SIR
𝑪𝑨𝑳𝑳 𝟗𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟖
Classes At: 𝑺𝒐𝒏𝒊𝒂 𝑽𝒊𝒉𝒂𝒓 (𝑨𝑻𝒆𝒂𝒎 𝑭𝒊𝒓𝒆) ∥ 𝑮𝑻𝑩 𝑵𝒂𝒈𝒂𝒓 (𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒏 𝑨𝒄𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒎𝒚)
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that is to say magnetic field is uniform.
MAGNETIC FIELD DUE TO CURRENT THROUGH A CIRCULAR LOOP:
➢ How can magnetic field be increased/Factors on which magnetic
field depend.
1) Current 𝑖 ↑↑↑ ⇒ Magnetic field↑↑↑
2) No. of turns per unit length n↑↑↑↑↑↑⇒ 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 ↑↑↑↑↑

ELECTROMAGNET:
➢ A strong magnetic field produced inside a solenoid can be used to
magnetise a piece of magnetic material like soft iron, when we place
inside the coil. The magnet so formed is called an electromagnet.
➢ It behaves as a bar magnet.
➢ The face of loop in which current is in Counter-clockwise is north FORCE ON CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR:
pole the face of loop in which current is in Clockwise direction is ➢ When we place a current carrying conductor inside the magnetic
south pole. field then it experience a force.
➢ Current ↑↑↑ ⇒ Magnetic field ↑↑↑ ➢ Force on a current carrying conductor is given by F =𝑖 ilBSinθ
where i is current through conductor 𝐵
➢ No. of turns n↑↑↑ ⇒ Magnetic field ↑↑↑
l is length of conductor
SOLENOID: B is magnetic fielfd
θ is angle between i and B 𝜃
A coil of many circular turns of insulated Copper wire wrapped closely in
the shape of cylinder is called solenoid.
➢ Force on a moving charge is given by
MAGNETIC FIELD LINES F = qvBSinθ
DUE TO SOLENOID. Where q is moving charge taken with it ′ s sign .
➢ Solenoid behaves as a bar magnet. v is velocity of charge 𝑣
➢ One side of solenoid is south pole and B is magnetic fielfd
another is north. θ is angle between v and B 𝜃
𝑞
➢ Inside the solenoid 𝐵
I Magnetic field lines are parallel.
II Magnetic field is same at every point