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    magbook-general-science-poonam-singh_compress_cutter (4)

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    magbook-general-science-poonam-singh_compress_cutter (4)

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    magbook-general-science-poonam-singh_compress_cutter (4)

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    Magbook ~ Electricity and Magnetism 41

    — Second law If same strength of electric current is allowed to — Directive property A magnet, when suspended freely,
    flow for same time in different electrolytes, then mass of the aligns itself approximately along geographical N-S line.
    substance liberated at the electrodes is directly proportional — Magnetic poles exist in pairs If a magnet is cut into two
    to their chemical equivalent, i.e., equal parts transverse to its length, then N and S-poles of
    m1 E1 the magnet do not get separated.
    m ∝ E or =
    m2 E 2

    Domestic Electrification
    Magnetic Field
    — From the distribution, the two terminals are supplied to the — The space in the surrounding of a magnet or a current
    houses named as live and neutral (neutral is earthed at local carrying conductor in which its magnetic effect can be
    substation). The third terminal is introduced as the earth for experienced, is called magnetic field.
    the safety in the building. — Magnetic lines of force is an imaginary line drawn in
    magnetic field at which a magnetic North pole will move,
    Lightning Appliances if it is free to do so.
    — The appliances that give the light instead of electricity — A tangent drawn at any point of an magnetic line of
    through it are known as lightning appliances such as
    force represents the direction of magnetic field at that
    incandescent lamp or filament lamp, compact fluroscent
    point.
    lamps etc.
    — The magnetic flux linked with a surface is equal to the
    — The electric discharge occurring between two charged
    total number of magnetic lines of force passing through
    clouds or between a charged cloud and earth can damage
    that surface normally. Its unit is weber.
    the houses or buildings. To protect this lightning conductors
    are used. Magnetic flux, φ = B. A = BA cos θ

    Magnetic Force Acting on a Charge


    Magnetism Moving in Uniform Magnetic Field
    In magnetism we study about the magnet and its properties — The magnetic force on a moving charge in a magnetic
    field is given by
    Magnet F = Bqv sin θ
    — A magnet is a material which can attract iron objects. where, B = magnetic field
    — A natural magnet is an ore of iron (Fe3O4 ) called magnetite q = charge
    or lodestone. v = speed
    — A magnet which is prepared artificially, is called an artificial θ = angle between the direction of motion
    magnet. and magnetic field.
    For examples Magnetic Force Acting on a Current-Carrying
    — A bar magnet, a horse-shoe magnet etc. Conductor Placed in Uniform Magnetic Field
    — A freely suspended magnet always aligns itself into North- — If a conductor carrying element I is placed in a magnetic
    South direction. Like magnetic poles repel and unlike field, the magnetic force on it is given by
    magnetic poles attract each other. F = Bil sin θ
    — A current-carrying coil containing a soft iron core, is called where, l = electric current flowing through the conductor
    an electromagnet. l = length of the conductor
    — An electromagnet is utilised in electric bell, telegraph θ = angle between the direction of current
    receiver, telephone diaphragm, transformer, dynamo etc. and magnetic field.
    — Permanent magnets are made of steel and temporary — The direction of this force can be find out by Fleming’s
    magnet or electromagnets are made of soft iron because left hand rule which is given below.
    steel cannot magnetised easily but when it is magnetised
    F Force
    one time, cannot be demagnetised easily. The soft iron can
    be magnetised or demagnetised easily.
    Properties of Magnet
    B Magnetic
    — Attractive property A magnet can attract small pieces of field
    magnetic substances like iron, steel, cobalt, nickel etc. The
    attraction is maximum at poles. Unlike poles attract and like i Electric
    poles repel. current

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