python

 101

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 ge/ng  python

h0p://www.python.org

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IDLE  -­‐  the  python  development  environment

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 Hello  World!
python  code
print()
print('Hello  World!')
print('UlGmate  answer:  ',  27  +  15)

output
<-­‐  blank  line
Hello  World!
UlGmate  answer:    42

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 string
python  code
x  =  'abcde'
print(x)

output
abcde

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 integer
python  code
i  =  2
j  =  3
print('integer  divide  2/3:  ',  i/j)

output
integer  divide  2/3:    0

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 float
python  code
i  =  2.0    #float
j  =  3          #  integer
print('floaGng  point  divide  2.0/3:  ',  i/j)

output
floaGng  point  divide  2.0/3:    0.666666666667

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 sequence  -­‐  string
python  code
x  =  'abcde'
print(x[0]) python  starts  counGng  at  zero
print(x[-­‐1])
print(x[1:4])

output
a
e
bcd

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 sequence  -­‐  tuple
python  code
x  =  (1,2,3,4,5)
print(x[0])
print(x[-­‐1])
print(x[1:4])

output
1
5
(2,  3,  4)

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 sequence  -­‐  list
python  code
x  =  [1,2,3,4,5]
print(x[0])
print(x[-­‐1])
print(x[1:4])

output
1
5
[2,  3,  4]

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 tuple  is  immutable
python  code
x  =  (1,2,3,4,5)
x[0]  =  9

output
Traceback  (most  recent  call  last):
   File  "/Users/jroberts/Desktop/test.py",  line  2,  in  <module>
       x[0]  =  9
TypeError:  'tuple'  object  does  not  support  item  assignment

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 list  is  mutable
python  code
x  =  [1,2,3,4,5]
x[0]  =  9
print(x)

output
[9,  2,  3,  4,  5]

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 lists  can  have  mixed  types
python  code
x  =  [1,2,3,4,5]
x[0]  =  'a'
x[1]  =  (4,5,6)
print(x)

output
['a',  (4,  5,  6),  3,  4,  5]

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 string  %  forma/ng
python  code
answer  =  42
pi  =  3.141592654
print('the  answer  is  %i  and  pi  is  approx.  %f'  %  (answer,pi))
print('the  answer  is  %i  and  pi  is  approx.  %.2f'  %  (answer,pi))
print('%i\t%.2f\n'  %  (answer,pi))

output
the  answer  is  42  and  pi  is  approx.  3.141593
the  answer  is  42  and  pi  is  approx.  3.14
42   3.14

line  break

tab

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 funcGons()
python  code
print(float(42))
print(int(5.75))
print(round(5.75))
print(int(round(5.75)))
print(range(5))

output
42.0
5
6.0
6
[0,  1,  2,  3,  4]

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 funcGons  from  imported  libraries
python  code
import  random
numbers  =  [1,2,3,4,5]
random.shuffle(numbers)
print(numbers)

output
[2,  5,  4,  1,  3]

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 methods  -­‐  funcGons  “a0ached”  to  objects
python  code
names  =  'Jon  Roberts\tErnie  Mross'
print(1,  names.split())
print(2,  names.split('\t')) '\t'  is  the  tab  character
print(3,  names.split('\t')[0])
print(4,  names.lower().split('\t')[0].split())

output
1  ['Jon',  'Roberts',  'Ernie',  'Mross']
2  ['Jon  Roberts',  'Ernie  Mross']
3  Jon  Roberts
4  ['jon',  'roberts']

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 what  if?
python  code
words  =  ['one','two','three']
if  'three'  in  words:
       print('found  three')

output
found  three

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 more  if?
python  code
x  =  5
if  x  >5:
       print('big  x')
else:
       print('x  is  less  than  or  equal  to  5')

output
x  is  less  than  or  equal  to  5

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 even  more  if?
python  code
x  =  1
if  x  ==  3:  
print('three')
elif  x  ==  5:
print('five')
else:
print('not  found')

output
not  found

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 loops
python  code
for  num  in  range(4):
       x  =  num+10
       print(x)
print('done')

output
10
11
12
13
done

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 more  loops
python  code
nameList  =  ['jon','ernie','linda']
for  aName  in  nameList:
       print('aName  -­‐>  ',  aName)

output
aName  -­‐>    jon
aName  -­‐>    ernie
aName  -­‐>    linda

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 even  more  loops
python  code
done  =  False  ;  x  =  0
while  not  done:
       x  +=  3
       if  x>9:  done  =  True
       print(x)

output
3
6
9
12

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 reading  files
python  code
infile  =  open('tabtext.txt',  mode='rU')
for  aLine  in  infile:
       print(aLine.split('\t'))
infile.close()

output
['line  1',  'abc',  'def\n']
['line  2',  'ghi',  'jkl']

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 more  reading  files
python  code
infile  =  open('tabtext.txt',  mode='rU')
for  aLine  in  infile:
       print(aLine.strip().split('\t'))
infile.close()

output
['line  1',  'abc',  'def']
['line  2',  'ghi',  'jkl']

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 wriGng  files
python  code
data  =  [[1,2],[3,4]]
ouoile  =  open('tabtextout.txt',  mode='w') ‘w’  for  write,  ‘a’  for  append
for  subList  in  data:
       ouoile.write('%i\t%i\n'  %  (subList[0],subList[1]))
ouoile.close()

you  must  close  the  file  to  be  certain  all  data  are  wri0en

output
1      2
3      4

line  breaks

tabs

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