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    Energy Balance Calculation

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    Szelee Kuek
    1. A turbine operating with an isentropic efficiency of 60% is supplied steam at 40 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 4 bar. To produce 1 MW of power, it requires a steam flowrate of 2.9 kg/s. The exhaust steam temperature is 2755.7°C. 2. A turbine operating at 80% efficiency is supplied 90 tonnes/hr of steam at 80 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 2.5 bar. The exhaust is a mixture of saturated vapor and liquid at 0.9086 quality. The ideal exhaust enthalpy is 2517.5 kJ/kg and the actual power output is 15090 kW. 3.

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    Energy Balance Calculation

    Uploaded by

    Szelee Kuek
    227 views2 pages
    1. A turbine operating with an isentropic efficiency of 60% is supplied steam at 40 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 4 bar. To produce 1 MW of power, it requires a steam flowrate of 2.9 kg/s. The exhaust steam temperature is 2755.7°C. 2. A turbine operating at 80% efficiency is supplied 90 tonnes/hr of steam at 80 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 2.5 bar. The exhaust is a mixture of saturated vapor and liquid at 0.9086 quality. The ideal exhaust enthalpy is 2517.5 kJ/kg and the actual power output is 15090 kW. 3.

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    energy balance calculation

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    1. A turbine operating with an isentropic efficiency of 60% is supplied steam at 40 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 4 bar. To produce 1 MW of power, it requires a steam flowrate of 2.9 kg/s. The exhaust steam temperature is 2755.7°C. 2. A turbine operating at 80% efficiency is supplied 90 tonnes/hr of steam at 80 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 2.5 bar. The exhaust is a mixture of saturated vapor and liquid at 0.9086 quality. The ideal exhaust enthalpy is 2517.5 kJ/kg and the actual power output is 15090 kW. 3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    227 views2 pages

    Energy Balance Calculation

    Uploaded by

    Szelee Kuek
    1. A turbine operating with an isentropic efficiency of 60% is supplied steam at 40 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 4 bar. To produce 1 MW of power, it requires a steam flowrate of 2.9 kg/s. The exhaust steam temperature is 2755.7°C. 2. A turbine operating at 80% efficiency is supplied 90 tonnes/hr of steam at 80 bar and 450°C and exhausts at 2.5 bar. The exhaust is a mixture of saturated vapor and liquid at 0.9086 quality. The ideal exhaust enthalpy is 2517.5 kJ/kg and the actual power output is 15090 kW. 3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Turbine

    1. A turbine is supplied with steam at 40bar and 450


    o
    C, and exhausts at 4bar. If the machine
    operates with an isentropic efficiency of 60%, determine the steam flowrate is required to produce
    a power output of 1MW and the exhaust steam temperature.

    Solution:
    At 40bar, 450
    o
    C,
    1
    3330 h = kJ/kg and
    1
    6.935 s = kJ/kg K

    At 4bar (for saturated conditions),
    2730
    g
    h = kJ/kg and 605
    f
    h = kJ/kg
    6.897
    g
    s = kJ/kg K and 1.776
    f
    s = kJ/kg K

    Assume isentropic expansion,
    2 1
    ' 6.935 s s = = kJ/kg K

    By comparing
    2
    ' s and entropy at the saturated condition,
    Hence,
    2 @4
    ' ,
    g bar
    s s > the exhaust is superheated vapor

    At 4bar,
    2753
    2
    ' h
    2862
    6.929 6.935
    7.172

    2
    2
    2753 ' 6.929 6.935
    ' 2755.7
    2753 2862 6.929 7.172
    h
    h

    = =

    kJ/kg


    1 2 2
    2
    1 2
    3330
    0.60 2985.4
    ' 3330 2755.7
    T
    h h h
    h
    h h
    q

    = = =

    kJ/kg

    ( ) ( )
    1 2
    1000 3330 2985.4 2.9
    SA
    W m h h m m = = = kg/s
    2. A turbine is supplied with 90tonne/h of steam at 450
    o
    C and 80bar. If the isentropic efficiency of
    the turbine is 80% and the exhaust steam is at 2.5bar, determine the condition of the exhaust and
    power output. Why is the quality of the exhaust steam lower for the reversible turbine than that for
    a real turbine?

    Solution:
    At 80bar, 450
    o
    C
    1
    3272 h = kJ/kg and
    1
    6.555 s = kJ/kg K

    At 4bar (for saturated conditions),
    2717
    g
    h = kJ/kg and 535
    f
    h = kJ/kg
    7.053
    g
    s = kJ/kg K and 1.607
    f
    s = kJ/kg K


    1000
    S
    W kW =
    ( ) 1 40 , 450
    o
    bar C
    ( ) 2 4bar

    S
    W
    ( ) 1 80 , 450
    o
    bar C
    ( ) 2 2.5bar
    Assume isentropic expansion,
    2 1
    ' 6.555 s s = = kJ/kg K

    By comparing
    2
    ' s and entropy at the saturated condition. Hence,
    2
    ' ,
    g f
    s s s < < the exhaust is a
    mixture of saturated vapor and saturated liquid

    Method 1 (Determine the quality and the ideal outlet enthalpy)
    At 80bar,
    535
    2
    ' h
    2717
    1.607 6.555
    7.053

    2
    2
    2717 ' 7.053 6.555
    ' 2517.5
    2717 535 7.053 1.607
    h
    h

    = =

    kJ/kg
    ( ) ( ) ( )
    2
    ' 1 2517.5 2717 1 535
    g f
    h xh x h x x = + = +
    0.9086 x =

    Method 2 (Determine the quality and the ideal outlet enthalpy)
    ( ) ( ) ( )
    2
    ' 1 6.555 7.053 1 1.607
    g f
    s xs x s x x = + = +
    0.9086 x =
    Hence, ( ) ( ) ( )
    2 2
    ' 1 ' 0.9086 2717 0.0914 535
    g f
    h xh x h h = + = +

    2
    ' 2517.5 h = kJ/kg


    1 2 2
    2
    1 2
    3272
    0.80 2668.4
    ' 3272 2517.5
    T
    h h h
    h
    h h
    q

    = = =

    kJ/kg

    Actual work done,
    ( ) ( )
    1 2
    90, 000
    3272 2618.4 15090
    3600
    SA
    W m h h = = = kW

    ( ) ( ) ( )
    2
    1 2668.4 2717 1 535
    g f
    h xh x h x x = + = +
    0.9777 x =

    In conclusion,
    SA SI
    W W < , less power is produced, this is due to lesser steam is condense during
    expansion for the ideal cases.

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