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    A combined gas-steam power cycle is being considered that uses a Brayton topping cycle with air at a pressure ratio of 7 and a Rankine bottoming cycle between 6 MPa and 10 kPa. Steam is heated by the gas turbine exhaust at 11 kg/s before expanding. The moisture content and thermal efficiency of the combined plant are calculated. Assumptions include steady operating conditions and ideal gas behavior. The gas cycle work is calculated to be 48.2 MW and the steam cycle work is 39.5 MW, resulting in a combined plant thermal efficiency of 49.6%.

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    Calculations

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    Leo
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    A combined gas-steam power cycle is being considered that uses a Brayton topping cycle with air at a pressure ratio of 7 and a Rankine bottoming cycle between 6 MPa and 10 kPa. Steam is heated by the gas turbine exhaust at 11 kg/s before expanding. The moisture content and thermal efficiency of the combined plant are calculated. Assumptions include steady operating conditions and ideal gas behavior. The gas cycle work is calculated to be 48.2 MW and the steam cycle work is 39.5 MW, resulting in a combined plant thermal efficiency of 49.6%.

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    A combined gas-steam power cycle is being considered that uses a Brayton topping cycle with air at a pressure ratio of 7 and a Rankine bottoming cycle between 6 MPa and 10 kPa. Steam is heated by the gas turbine exhaust at 11 kg/s before expanding. The moisture content and thermal efficiency of the combined plant are calculated. Assumptions include steady operating conditions and ideal gas behavior. The gas cycle work is calculated to be 48.2 MW and the steam cycle work is 39.5 MW, resulting in a combined plant thermal efficiency of 49.6%.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views2 pages

    Calculations

    Uploaded by

    Leo
    A combined gas-steam power cycle is being considered that uses a Brayton topping cycle with air at a pressure ratio of 7 and a Rankine bottoming cycle between 6 MPa and 10 kPa. Steam is heated by the gas turbine exhaust at 11 kg/s before expanding. The moisture content and thermal efficiency of the combined plant are calculated. Assumptions include steady operating conditions and ideal gas behavior. The gas cycle work is calculated to be 48.2 MW and the steam cycle work is 39.5 MW, resulting in a combined plant thermal efficiency of 49.6%.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    A combined gas–steam power cycle is being considered.

    The topping cycle is a simple Brayton cycle that has a pressure


    ratio of 7. Air enters the compressor at 15°C at a rate of 100 kg/s and the gas turbine at 850°C. The bottoming cycle is
    a reheat Rankine cycle between the pressure limits of 6 MPa and 10 kPa. Steam is heated in a heat exchanger at a
    rate of 11 kg/s by the exhaust gases leaving the gas turbine and the exhaust gases leave the heat exchanger at 450°C.
    Steam leaves the high-pressure turbine at 1.0 MPa and is reheated to 400°C in the heat exchanger before it expands in
    the low pressure turbine. The moisture content at the exit of the low-pressure turbine and the thermal efficiency of the
    combined plant are determined.

    Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible. 3 Methane is an
    ideal gas, and cold-air assumptions are considered.
    Analysis (a) The analysis of gas cycle is as follows

    Process 7-8 (isentropic compression of an ideal gas):

    k −1 / k
    P  0.299/1.299
    T8 = T7  8  = (288 K )(7) = 450.7 K = 177.7°C
     P7 

    Process 9-10 (isentropic expansion of an ideal gas):


    (k −1) / k 0.1/1.1
    P  1 
    5 T10 = T9  10 = (1123K)   = 940.9 K = 667.8 °C
     P9  7 

    We now find the work input to the compressor and the work output of the
    turbine:
    & c p (T8 − T7
    wcomp,in  m ) = (55 kg/s)(2.4561 kJ/kg.K)(450.7-288)K= 22.0 MW
    & c p (T9 − T10) = (55 kg/s)(4.528 kJ/kg.K)(1223-941)K= 70.2 MW
    wturb,ou  tm

    (b) The analysis of steam cycle is as follows

    From the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6),

    h1 = h f @ 10 kPa = 191.81 kJ/kg


    3
    v1 = v f @ 10 kPa = 0.00101 m /kg

    wpI,in = v1 (P2 − P1 )
    ( )  1 kJ 
    = 0.00101 m3 /kg (6000 − 10 kPa ) 
    1 kPa ⋅ m 3 
    = 6.05 kJ/kg 
    h2 = h1 + wpI,in = 191.81 + 6.05 = 197.86 kJ/kg

    P5 = 1 MPa  h5 = 3264.5 kJ/kg


    T5 = 600°C  s 5 = 7.4670 kJ/kg ⋅ K
    s6 − s f 7.4670 − 0.6492
    P6 = 10 kPa  x 6 = = = 0.9091
     s fg 7.4996
    s6 = s5  h = h + x h = 191.81 + (0.9091)(2392.1) = 2366.4 kJ/kg
    6 f 6 fg

    P6 = 10 kPa 
    x = 0.9842
    h6 = 2546.5 kJ/kg  6

    Moisture Percentage = 1 − x 6 = 1 − 0.9842 = 0.0158 = 1.6%


    Noting that Q& ≅ W& ≅ ∆ke ≅ ∆pe ≅ 0 for the heat exchanger, the steady-flow energy balance equation
    yields
    E& = E& in out

    ∑ m& h = ∑ m& h
    i i e e
    .
    m& s (h3 − h2 ) + m& s (h5 − h4 ) =2&mair(h10 − h11 ) =2m c p (T10− T11)
    25 kg/s [ 3346.5 − 199.37) + (3264.5 − h4 )] = 2(55 kg/s)(3.89 kJ/kg.K)(941-722)K 
    → h4 = 2697.5 kJ/kg

    W& net,gas = W& T,gas − W& C, gas = 70.2 -22.0 = 48.2 MW

    W& T,steam = m& s (h3 − h4 + h5 − h6 ) = ( 25 kg/s )(3346.5 - 2659.9 + 3264.5 - 2366.4)kJ/s = 39.618 MW

    W& P,steam = m& s w pump = (25 kg/s) (6.05 kJ/kg) = 0.151 MW

    W& net,steam = W& T,steam − W& P, steam = 39.618 - 0.0665 =39.467 MW

    W& net,plant = W& net,gas + W& net,steam = 2(48.2)+39.5 = 135.9 MW

    Q& in = m& air (h9 − h8 ) = m& c p (T9 − T8 ) = 2(55 kg/s)(3.706 kJ/kg.K)(1123-450.7) = 274.0 MW

    W& net, plant 135.9 MW


    η th = = = 0.496 = 49.6%
    Q& in 274.0 MW

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