Scribd
Upload
96 views23 pages

Series Parallel

1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

Uploaded by

LGU SAN ANTONIO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
96 views23 pages

Series Parallel

1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

Uploaded by

LGU SAN ANTONIO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 23

SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS

Physics
Mrs. Coyle
PART I

 Kirchhoff’s Rules
 Series Circuits
 Equivalent Resistance
 Voltage Drop Across Resistors

 Brightness of Bulbs in a Series Circuit


SERIES CIRCUIT
 There is one current
path.

 All resistors have the


same current.
RECOGNIZING IF A CIRCUIT IS IN SERIES.
REMEMBER: CONVENTIONAL CURRENT
 Positive charges are
“pumped” by the
battery from low to
high potential. V>0

 When traversing a
resistor with the
current, there is a
decrease in
potential. V<0
KIRCHHOFF’S RULES

 1st Rule: (Junction Theorem): At a junction


(node), current in= current out

 2nd Rule: (Loop Theorem): In a closed loop the


sum of the voltages is zero.
VOLTAGE DROP IN A SERIES CIRCUIT

 In a series circuit the total voltage drop across


the resistors equals the sum of the individual
voltages.

V = V1 + V2 + V3
EXAMPLE 1
 If the battery’s
voltage is 12V and
the voltage across R1
is 5 V, and across R2
is 4V, find the voltage
across R3 .

 Answer: 3V
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE
SERIES CIRCUITS
V = V 1 + V2 + V3

Using Ohm’s Law:


IReq = IR1+IR2 +IR3

Equivalent resistance
Req = R1 + R2 + R3
EXAMPLE 2
 If the battery’s voltage
is 12V and
R1 = 1Ω
R2 = 2Ω
R3 = 3Ω
 Find the equivalent
resistance.
 Find the current.
 Find the voltage across
each resistor.
 Answer: 6Ω, 2A,
2V, 4V, 6V
REMEMBER: BRIGHTNESS OF A LIGHT
BULB AND POWER
 The greater the power actually used by a
light bulb, the greater the brightness.

 Note: the power rating of a light bulb is


indicated for a given voltage, at room
temperature and the bulb may be in a
circuit that does not have that voltage.
REMEMBER: POWER

 P= I V

 P=I2 R

 P=V2 / R
EXAMPLE 3
 Find the total resistance. 250Ω
 Find the current.
 Find the power dissipated
in each lamp.
 Which light bulb will be
the brightest and why?
 Find the total power. 50Ω
 How does the total power
compare to the powers of
the individual bulbs. 12 V

150Ω
 Ans: 450Ω, 0.027A,
0.18W, 0.036W, 0.109W,
250 Ω, 0.324W
PART II

 Parallel Circuits
 Equivalent Resistance
 Brightness of Light Bulb

 Combination Circuits
PARALLEL CIRCUITS

 There is more than one


current path.
 The voltage across the
resistors is the same.

http://www1.curriculum.edu.au/sciencepd/energy/images/energy_ill112.gif
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
I = I1 + I2 + I3

V =V1=V2=V3
Using Ohm’s Law:
V/Req= V/R1 +V/R2 + V/R3

Equivalent Resistance:
1/Req= 1/R1 +1/R2 + 1/R3
WHEN ARE PARALLEL CIRCUITS USED?
E
X
A
M 12V =1Ω =2Ω
P =3Ω
L
E
1
 Find the Req , I’s.
 How does Req compare with each R?

Ans: 0.55Ω, I= 22A, (12A, 6A, 4A)


QUESTION

 Why should you not plug in too many


appliances in the same outlet in a home?
COMBINATION CIRCUITS
EXAMPLE 2: FIND THE REQ , ALL I’S AND V’S

=10Ω

=5Ω
=20V

=15Ω

Ans:
11 Ω, 1.8A, V1=9V, V2=11V, I2=1.1A, I3=0.7A
EXAMPLE 3: FIND THE REQ , TOTAL I AND ALL V’S

http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/DesignOffice/mdp/electric_web/DC/00123.png
ANSWERS:

 Req 1 = 71.4Ω
 Req 2 = 127.3Ω

 Req = 198.7Ω

 I=0.12A

 V1 = 8.6V

 V2 = 15.3V

You might also like