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    Series Parallel

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    LGU SAN ANTONIO
    1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Series Parallel

    Uploaded by

    LGU SAN ANTONIO
    86 views23 pages
    1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

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    1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    86 views23 pages

    Series Parallel

    Uploaded by

    LGU SAN ANTONIO
    1) The document discusses series, parallel, and combination electric circuits. 2) In a series circuit, there is one current path and the same current flows through each resistor. The total voltage equals the sum of the individual voltages. 3) In a parallel circuit, there are multiple current paths and the voltage across each resistor is the same. The total current equals the sum of the branch currents. The equivalent resistance is calculated using reciprocals of the individual resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS

    Physics
    Mrs. Coyle
    PART I

     Kirchhoff’s Rules
     Series Circuits
     Equivalent Resistance
     Voltage Drop Across Resistors

     Brightness of Bulbs in a Series Circuit


    SERIES CIRCUIT
     There is one current
    path.

     All resistors have the


    same current.
    RECOGNIZING IF A CIRCUIT IS IN SERIES.
    REMEMBER: CONVENTIONAL CURRENT
     Positive charges are
    “pumped” by the
    battery from low to
    high potential. V>0

     When traversing a
    resistor with the
    current, there is a
    decrease in
    potential. V<0
    KIRCHHOFF’S RULES

     1st Rule: (Junction Theorem): At a junction


    (node), current in= current out

     2nd Rule: (Loop Theorem): In a closed loop the


    sum of the voltages is zero.
    VOLTAGE DROP IN A SERIES CIRCUIT

     In a series circuit the total voltage drop across


    the resistors equals the sum of the individual
    voltages.

    V = V1 + V2 + V3
    EXAMPLE 1
     If the battery’s
    voltage is 12V and
    the voltage across R1
    is 5 V, and across R2
    is 4V, find the voltage
    across R3 .

     Answer: 3V
    EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE
    SERIES CIRCUITS
    V = V 1 + V2 + V3

    Using Ohm’s Law:


    IReq = IR1+IR2 +IR3

    Equivalent resistance
    Req = R1 + R2 + R3
    EXAMPLE 2
     If the battery’s voltage
    is 12V and
    R1 = 1Ω
    R2 = 2Ω
    R3 = 3Ω
     Find the equivalent
    resistance.
     Find the current.
     Find the voltage across
    each resistor.
     Answer: 6Ω, 2A,
    2V, 4V, 6V
    REMEMBER: BRIGHTNESS OF A LIGHT
    BULB AND POWER
     The greater the power actually used by a
    light bulb, the greater the brightness.

     Note: the power rating of a light bulb is


    indicated for a given voltage, at room
    temperature and the bulb may be in a
    circuit that does not have that voltage.
    REMEMBER: POWER

     P= I V

     P=I2 R

     P=V2 / R
    EXAMPLE 3
     Find the total resistance. 250Ω
     Find the current.
     Find the power dissipated
    in each lamp.
     Which light bulb will be
    the brightest and why?
     Find the total power. 50Ω
     How does the total power
    compare to the powers of
    the individual bulbs. 12 V

    150Ω
     Ans: 450Ω, 0.027A,
    0.18W, 0.036W, 0.109W,
    250 Ω, 0.324W
    PART II

     Parallel Circuits
     Equivalent Resistance
     Brightness of Light Bulb

     Combination Circuits
    PARALLEL CIRCUITS

     There is more than one


    current path.
     The voltage across the
    resistors is the same.

    http://www1.curriculum.edu.au/sciencepd/energy/images/energy_ill112.gif
    PARALLEL CIRCUITS
    I = I1 + I2 + I3

    V =V1=V2=V3
    Using Ohm’s Law:
    V/Req= V/R1 +V/R2 + V/R3

    Equivalent Resistance:
    1/Req= 1/R1 +1/R2 + 1/R3
    WHEN ARE PARALLEL CIRCUITS USED?
    E
    X
    A
    M 12V =1Ω =2Ω
    P =3Ω
    L
    E
    1
     Find the Req , I’s.
     How does Req compare with each R?

    Ans: 0.55Ω, I= 22A, (12A, 6A, 4A)


    QUESTION

     Why should you not plug in too many


    appliances in the same outlet in a home?
    COMBINATION CIRCUITS
    EXAMPLE 2: FIND THE REQ , ALL I’S AND V’S

    =10Ω

    =5Ω
    =20V

    =15Ω

    Ans:
    11 Ω, 1.8A, V1=9V, V2=11V, I2=1.1A, I3=0.7A
    EXAMPLE 3: FIND THE REQ , TOTAL I AND ALL V’S

    http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/DesignOffice/mdp/electric_web/DC/00123.png
    ANSWERS:

     Req 1 = 71.4Ω
     Req 2 = 127.3Ω

     Req = 198.7Ω

     I=0.12A

     V1 = 8.6V

     V2 = 15.3V

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