This document describes how to use the Born-Haber cycle to calculate lattice enthalpy of ionic compounds. It provides data to calculate the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride, which is -616 kJ/mol. Lattice enthalpy depends on factors like ion charge and size.
This document describes how to use the Born-Haber cycle to calculate lattice enthalpy of ionic compounds. It provides data to calculate the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride, which is -616 kJ/mol. Lattice enthalpy depends on factors like ion charge and size.
This document describes how to use the Born-Haber cycle to calculate lattice enthalpy of ionic compounds. It provides data to calculate the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride, which is -616 kJ/mol. Lattice enthalpy depends on factors like ion charge and size.
This document describes how to use the Born-Haber cycle to calculate lattice enthalpy of ionic compounds. It provides data to calculate the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride, which is -616 kJ/mol. Lattice enthalpy depends on factors like ion charge and size.
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G10 Elite Science Lab Assessment
Lattice Enthalpy
Purpose: Solve for lattice Energy using the Born-Haber Cycle
Background information: The Born Haber process, more commonly referred to as the Born Haber cycle, is a method that allows us to observe and analyze energies in a reaction. It mainly helps in describing the formation of ionic compounds from different elements. The method further enables us to understand the overall reaction process through a series of steps. Atom can lose or acquire electrons to form ions and they do so to complete their valance shell electronic configuration and complete their octet in their outermost shell. Atoms that tend to lose electrons thus get a positive charge. The energy required to remove one electron from the valance shell of an atom in its gaseous state is called its first ionization energy. Similarly, atoms that tend to acquire electron gain unit negative charge and the energy released in acquiring an extra electron is called electron affinity.
The strength of an ionic bond is described by its lattice enthalpy. Lattice enthalpy explains many practical properties of ionic compounds including their solubility, hardness, and volatility. This lattice enthalpy is measured by Born-Haber Cycle. The Born-Haber cycle is an application of Hess’s cycle.
Pre-Lab Questions (3 points)
1. Give 2 examples of an ionic compound. (1 pt.) Click or tap here to enter text.
2. On what basis is Lewis’s structure of element/molecule drawn? (1 pt.)
Click or tap here to enter text.
3. Define Hess’s Law. (1 pt.)
Click or tap here to enter text. Part 1 (12 points)
Lattice enthalpy can be used as a measure of ionic bond strength. Lattice enthalpies can be determined indirectly using Born–Haber cycles.
The table below shows the enthalpy changes that are needed to determine the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride, LiF.
enthalpy change energy
/ kJ mol–1 1st electron affinity of fluorine –328 1st ionization energy of lithium +520 atomization of fluorine +79 atomization of lithium +159 formation of lithium fluoride –616
i. Define Lattice enthalpy. (1 pt.)
Click or tap here to enter text.
ii. The diagram below shows an incomplete Born–Haber cycle that would allow the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride to be determined. (4 pts.)
In the four boxes, add the species present, including state symbols.
Li+(g) + F– (g)
LiF(s ) iii. Calculate the lattice enthalpy of lithium fluoride. (2 pts) Click or tap here to enter text.
iv. The lattice enthalpies of sodium fluoride, sodium chloride and magnesium fluoride are shown below.
Explain the differences between these lattice enthalpies. In your answer, your explanation should show how different factors affect lattice enthalpy. (4 pts.)
