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    Applications of Products of Vectors: Lecture No.6

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    Mohamed Maher
    The document discusses applications of vector products including: 1) Finding the angle between two vectors using the dot product. 2) Calculating the magnitude of a vector using the dot product. 3) Determining whether vectors are parallel or perpendicular using the dot product. 4) Finding a unit vector perpendicular to two given vectors using the cross product. 5) Calculating the area of a parallelogram and triangle using vector products.

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    Applications of Products of Vectors: Lecture No.6

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Maher
    22 views7 pages
    The document discusses applications of vector products including: 1) Finding the angle between two vectors using the dot product. 2) Calculating the magnitude of a vector using the dot product. 3) Determining whether vectors are parallel or perpendicular using the dot product. 4) Finding a unit vector perpendicular to two given vectors using the cross product. 5) Calculating the area of a parallelogram and triangle using vector products.

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    The document discusses applications of vector products including: 1) Finding the angle between two vectors using the dot product. 2) Calculating the magnitude of a vector using the dot product. 3) Determining whether vectors are parallel or perpendicular using the dot product. 4) Finding a unit vector perpendicular to two given vectors using the cross product. 5) Calculating the area of a parallelogram and triangle using vector products.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views7 pages

    Applications of Products of Vectors: Lecture No.6

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Maher
    The document discusses applications of vector products including: 1) Finding the angle between two vectors using the dot product. 2) Calculating the magnitude of a vector using the dot product. 3) Determining whether vectors are parallel or perpendicular using the dot product. 4) Finding a unit vector perpendicular to two given vectors using the cross product. 5) Calculating the area of a parallelogram and triangle using vector products.

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    You are on page 1of 7

    Lecture no.

    6 Page1 of 7


    Lecture no.6


    Applications of Products of vectors

    1) Angle formed by two given vectors:

    B A
    B A
    B A B A
    -
    = = - cos cos


    2) Magnitude of a vector:

    2
    A A A A A A A = - = - or A A A - =

    3) i- If
    A

    . .
    = = B A or B m A B
    where m is a scalar quantity.
    ii- If A B 0 = - B A

    4) A unit vector
    .
    n
    perpendicular to both vectors A & B is given by
    B A
    B A
    n

    =
    .

    5) Area of the parallelogram:



    Lecture no.6 Page2 of 7

    6) Area of a triangle:


    Example 1:
    Evaluate: i) AB AD-
    ii) CD BC -
    iii) DB AC - and the angle between
    AC and DB.


    Solution:
    i)
    28 ) 2 / 1 ( 8 7 60 cos = = = -
    o
    AB AD AB AD

    ii)
    28 ) 2 / 1 ( 8 7 120 cos = = = -
    o
    CD BC CD BC


    iii)

    15 7 8
    ) ( ) (
    ) ( ) (
    2 2
    2 2
    2 2
    = = =
    - + - =
    - + =
    + - + = -
    AD AB
    AD AB AD AB AD AB
    AD AB AD AB
    CB DC BC AB DB AC

    Lecture no.6 Page3 of 7


    We now have to find
    DB AC &
    , so we will use the formula:
    A A A - =

    i.e.
    13
    7 60 cos 7 8 2 8 2
    ) ( ) (
    2 2
    2 2
    =
    + + = + - + =
    + - + = - =
    AC
    BC BC AB AB
    BC AB BC AB AC AC AC
    o

    Similarly,
    57
    7 120 cos 7 8 2 8 2
    ) ( ) (
    2 2
    2 2
    =
    + + = + - + =
    + - + = - =
    DB
    CB CB DC DC
    CB DC CB DC DB DB DB
    o

    The angel between the diagonals is therefore,

    o
    BD AC
    BD AC
    2 . 81
    57 13
    15
    cos =

    =
    -
    =













    Lecture no.6 Page4 of 7

    Example 2:
    Given three vectors:
    k j i C k j i B k j i A + + = + = + = 2 & 4 12 3 , 2 2

    Evaluate: i) B A ii) C B A ) ( iii)
    C B A - ) (

    Solution:
    i)

    k j i
    k j i
    B A 18 5 4
    4 12 3
    1 2 2 =

    =

    ii)
    k j i
    k j i
    k j i k j i C B A
    13 22 31
    1 2 1
    18 5 4
    ) 2 ( ) 18 5 4 ( ) (
    = =
    + + =


    iii)

    ) 2 ( ) 18 5 4 ( ) ( k j i k j i C B A + + - = -

    = 4(1)-5(2)-18(1) = -24
    -------------------------------------------------------------
    Example 3:
    A force F of magnitude 5 130 N is parallel to the normal to the plane containing
    & AB AC ,where A(0 , 0 ,2) , B(3 ,4 ,-10) & C(4,4,0).
    Solution:
    Since F is perpendicular to & AB AC then it will be in the direction of the
    cross product of them, so we write

    k j i k k j i AB a b AB 12 4 3 ) 2 ( ) 10 4 3 ( + = + = =
    k j i k j i AC a c AC 2 4 4 ) 2 ( ) 4 4 ( + = + = =



    k j i
    k j i
    AC AB 4 42 40
    2 4 4
    12 4 3 =

    =
    Lecture no.6 Page5 of 7

    The unit vector
    .
    n
    perpendicular to both & AB AC is therefore given by

    5 26
    4 42 401
    4 42 40
    4 42 401
    4 42 401
    4 42 401
    2 2 2
    k j i k j i
    k j i
    k j i
    AC AB
    AC B A
    n

    =
    + +

    =


    =

    =
    .

    Hence

    k j i
    k j i
    n F F F F 20 210 200
    5 26
    4 42 401
    5 130 =

    = = =
    . .

    # 20 210 200 k j i F =
























    Lecture no.6 Page6 of 7

    The scalar triple product:

    z
    y x
    y x
    y
    z x
    z x
    x
    z y
    z y
    z y x
    y x
    y x
    z x
    z x
    z y
    z y
    z y x
    z y x
    z y x
    C
    B B
    A A
    C
    B B
    A A
    C
    B B
    A A
    k C j C i C k
    B B
    A A
    j
    B B
    A A
    i
    B B
    A A
    k C j C i C
    B B B
    A A A
    k j i
    C B A
    + =
    + + -
    |
    |
    .
    |

    \
    |
    + =
    + + - = -
    ) (
    ) (

    i.e.









    The scalar triple product represents the volume of a parallelepiped whose sides are
    C B A & ,
    .
    Accordingly the volume of a prism and of a pyramid will be as shown below:

    Parallelepiped Prism Pyramid
    V = C B A - V =
    C B A -
    2
    1
    V =
    C B A -
    6
    1




    z y x
    z y x
    z y x
    C C C
    B B B
    A A A
    C B A = -
    Lecture no.6 Page7 of 7



    Example 4:
    Evaluate the volume of a pyramid whose vertices are:
    A(2,3,-2), B(-7,4,10), C(1,1,1) and D(0,1,0).


    Solution:


    k j i k j i k j i AB a b AB 12 9 ) 2 3 2 ( ) 10 4 7 ( + + = + + + = =

    k j i k j i k j i AB a c AC 3 2 ) 2 3 2 ( ) ( + = + + + = =

    k j i k j i j AD a d AD 2 2 2 ) 2 3 2 ( + = + = =

    V =
    C B A -
    6
    1
    =
    AD AC AB -
    6
    1
    =
    6
    1
    2 2 2
    3 2 1
    12 1 9



    V=
    6
    1
    {-9(2)-1(4)+12(-2)}= 7 cubic units

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