KVS Junior Mathematics Olympiad (JMO) – 2001

M.M. 100 Time : 3 hours

Note : (i) Please check that there are two printed pages and ten question in all.

(ii) Attempt all questions. All questions carry equal marks.

1. Fill in the blanks :

(a) If x + y = 1, x3 + y3 = 4, then x2 + y2 = ……..

(b) After 15 litres of petrol was added to the fuel tank of a car, the tank

was 75% full. If the capacity of the tank is 28 litres, then the number

of litres in the tank before adding the petrol was ……

(c) The perimeter of a rectangle is 56 metres. The ratio of its length to

width is 4:3. The length of the diagonal in metres is ……..

(d) If April 23 falls on Tuesday, then March 23 of the same year was a

……..

(e) The sum of the digits of the number 2200052004 is ….

2. (a) Arrange the following in ascending order :

25555, 33333, 62222

(b) Two rectangles, each measuring 3 cm x 7 cm,

are placed as in the adjoining figure :

 Find the area of the overlapping

portion (shaded) in cm2.

3. (a) Solve :

log 10 (35  x 3 )
3
log 10 (5  x )

(b) Simplify :

a  b b  c c  a (a  b)(b  c)(c  a )
  
a  b b  c c  a (a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

4. (a) Factorize :

(x-y)3+(y-z)3+(z-x)3

(b) If x2-x-1=0, then find the value of x3-2x +1

5. ABCD is a square. A line through B intersects CD produced at E, the side

AD at F and the diagonal AC at G.

B A

G
F

C D E

If BG = 3, and GF=1, then find the length of FE,

6. (a) Find all integers n such that (n2-n-1)n+2 = 1

4ab x  2a x  2b
(b) If x = , find the value of 
ab x  2a x  2b

7. (a) Find all the positive perfect cubes that divide 99.

(b) Find the integer closest to 100 (12- 143 )

8. In a triangle ABC, BCA=90o. Points E and F lie on the hypotenuse AB

such that AE=AC and BF = BC. Find ECF.

A
F

y E
x
C z B

9. An ant crawls 1 centimetre north, 2 centimetres west, 3 centimetres south, 4

centimetres east, 5 centimetres north and so on, at 1 centimetre per second. Each

segment is 1 centimetre longer than the preceding one, and at the end of a segment,

the ant makes a left turn. In which direction is the ant moving 1 minute after the

start ?

10. Find the lengths of the sides of a triangle with 20, 28 and 35 as the lengths of

its altitudes.
SOLUTION KV JMO 2001

Q1.

(i) 7

(ii) 6 litres

(iii) 20 m

(iv) Friday

(v) 13

Q2.

(a) 25555, 33333, 62222

25 = 32

33 = 27

62 = 36
3 5 2
3 <2 <6

 33333 < 25555 < 62222

 The required order of the three numbers is :-

33333 , 25555 , 62222

Q2(b)

4
 Two rectangles each measuring 3cm x 7 cm are placed in this

manner.

The four triangles formed must be congruent to each other.

EAG BCG

AG = BG

and EG = CG

Let, BG = x

AG = AB – BG

=7–x

CG = AG = 7-x

In BCG, we have,

BC = 3

BG = x

CG = 7 – x

By Pythagoras theorem, In BCG, we have,

CG2 = BC2 + BG2

 (7-x)2 = 32 + x2

 49 – 14x + x2 = 9 + x2

 49 – 9 =14 x

5
  40 = 14 x

40
 x=
14

20
 x=
7

AG = 7 – x

20
=7-
7

49  20
=
7

29
=
7

 DC || AB

 HC || AG

Similarly AH || GC

AG CH is a parallelogram

Area of the AGCH = (Base) x (Height)

= AG x BC

29
= x3
7

87
=
7

3
= 12 cm 2
7

6
 log 10 (35  x 3 )
3.(a) 3
log 10 (5  x )

 log 10 (35 – x3) = 3.log10 (5-x)

 log 10 (35 – x3) = log10 (5-x)3

 35 – x3 = (5-x)3

 35 – x3 = 125 – x3 + 3(5) (-x) (5-x)

 35 = 125 – 15 x (5-x)

 35 = 125 – 75 x + 15x2

 15x2 – 75 x + 125- 35 = 0

 15x2 – 75 x + 90 = 0

 x2 – 5 x + 6 = 0

 x2 – 3 x –2x + 6 = 0

 x (x - 3) – 2 (x – 3) = 0

 (x - 3) (x – 2) = 0

x = 3 or 2

Q3. (b)

a  b b  c c  a (a  b)(b  c)(c  a )
  
a  b b  c c  a (a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

= (a-b) (b+c) (c+a) + (b-c) (a+b) (c+a)

 (c  a )(a  b)(b  c)  (a  b)  (b  c)(c  a )

=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

7
= (c+a) [(a-b) (b+c) +(b-c) (a+b)]

 (c  a )[(a  b)  (b  c)  (a  b)(b  c)]

=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

= (c+a) [ab + ac - b2 – bc + ab + b2 – ac - bc]

 (c  a )[ab  ac - b 2  bc  ab  b 2 - ac  bc]
=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

(c  a )(2ab - 2bc)  (c - a) (2ab  2bc)

=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

2abc  2bc 2  2a 2 b  2bc  2abc  2bc 2  2a 2 b  2abc

=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

0
=
(a  b)(b  c)(c  a )

=0

4. (a)

= (x-y)3 + (y-z)3 + (z-x)3

= (x – y + y - z) [(x-y)2 + (y-z)2 + (x-y) (y-z)] + (z-x)3

= (x –z) [x2+y2-2xy+y2+z2-2yz+xy-xz-y2+yz] + (z-x)3

= (x –z) (x2+y2+z2 –xy-yz-zx) - (x-z)3

= (x –z) [x2+y2+z2 –xy-yz-zx) - (x-z)2]

= (x –z) [x2+y2+z2 –xy-yz-zx – x2-z2 +2xz]

= (x-z) [y2-yz-xy+xz]

= (x-z) [y(y-z)-x(y-z)]

8
= (x-z)(y-x)(y-z)

=(x-y) (y-z) (z-x)

4. (b) x2 – x – 1 = 0

x3 – 2x + 1 = ?

Dividing (x3 – 2x + 1) by (x2 – x - 1), we get,

x 1
x 2  x 1 x  2x  1
3

x3  x 2  x
x2  x 1
 x 2  x  1
2

x3 – 2x + 1 = (x2-x-1) (x+1) + 2

 x3 - 2x + 1 = 0 x (x + 1) + 2

 x3 - 2x + 1 = 0 + 2

 x3 - 2x + 1 = 2

x3 – 2x + 1 = 2

Q5

9
.

Given :

ABCD is a square

BG = 3

GF = 1

BE = ?

Let, AB = BC=CD = DA = a

Now,

In BCG and FAG,

BCG = FAG (Each = 45o)

BGC = AGF (Vertically opposite angles)

BCG ~ FAG by AA rule

BC BG
  
AF GF

a 3
  
AF 1

10
 a
 AF  
3

a 2
DF
 = AD – AF = a   a
3 3

Now,

In ABF and DEF,

A = D = 90o

AFB = DFE (Vertically opposite angles)

ABF ~ DEF by AA rule

BF EF
  
AF DF

BF EF

 a 2 
a
3 3

 2.BF  EF 

 2 X 4 = EF

 EF = 8

BE = BF + FE

= 4+ 8

= 12 units.

11
Q6.(a) (n2-n-1) n+2 = 1

 (n2-n-1) n+2 = (1)n+2

 n2 – n – 1 = 1

 n2 – n – 2 = 0

 n2 - 2n + n – 2 = 0

 n (n - 2) + 1 (n – 2) = 0

 (n - 2) (n + 1) = 0

n = 2 or -1

4ab
Q6. (b) x= 
ab

x  2a x  2b
  ?
x  2a x  2b

x  2a x  2b
 
x  2a x  2b

x  2a x  2b
  1 1
x  2a x  2b

x  2a  x  2a x  2b  x  2b
  
x  2a x  2b

2x 4b
  
x  2a x  2b

2x 4b
 2 2
x  2a x  2b

12
 2x  2x  4a 4b  2x  4b
  
x  2a x  2b

4a 2x
  
x  2a x  2b

4ab
2x
4a
 ab
 4ab 4ab 
 2b
ab ab

4a (a  b) 8ab
  
4ab  2a 2  2ab 4ab  2ab  2b 2

4a 2  4ab 8ab
  
2ab  2a 2 2ab  2b 2

2a  2b 4a
  
ba ab

 2a  2b  4a
 
ab

2a  2b
 
ab

2(a  b)

(a  b ) 

=2

Q7. (a) 99

= (33)9

= (3)27

13
The positive perfect cubes that divide 99 are :

13, 33, (32)3, (33)3, (34)3, (35)3, (36)3, (37)3, (39)3.

i.e. 10 numbers

(b) 100 (12- 143 )

 143  144

i.e. 143 < 12

and 143 is less than 12 by a very small margin.

The closest integer to 100 (12 - 143 )

is , 100.

8.

A
F
x+z
y x+y E
x
C z B
Given :

BCA = 90o

AE = AC

BF = BC

ECF = ?

 BCA = 90

 x + y + z = 90o

In ACE

14
AE = AC

AEC = ACE = x + y

In BCF,

 BF = CF

BCF = BFC = x + z

In CFE,

FCE + CFE + CEF = 180

 x + x + z + x + y = 180

 2x + x + y + z = 180

 2x + 90 = 180

 2x = 90

 x = 45o

ECF = x

= 45o

ECF = 45o

9. 2cm (W)

3 cm (s) 1 cm (N)

4 cm (E)

15
So, we get that,

The ant always travels (4k+1) cm North,

The ant always travels (4k+2) cm West,

The ant always travels (4k+3) cm South,

The ant always travels (4k+4) cm East,

In 1 min the ant travels, distance = 60 x 1 cm

= 60 cm

We get the following AP,

1, 2, 3, …….

a=1

d=1

n
Sn = 2a + (n-1)d
2

n
 60 = 2 x 1 + (n-1) x 1
2

 120 = n2 + n-1

 120 = nn+1

 120 = n2n

 n2 + n

 1  12  4(1)(120)
n = 
2x1

16
  1  1  480
 
2

 1 481

2

 1 22

2

21
Taking the positive value
2

1
 10 
2

But we’ll have to take, n = 11

 a11 = 1 + 10 x 1

= 1 + 10

= 11

=4x2+3

The ant was traveling towards South.

Q10. A

B C

17
ha = 20

hb = 28

hc = 35

1 2
= a x ha  a =
2 ha

2 
= 
20 10

1 2
= b x hb  b =
2 hb

2 
= 
28 14

1 2 2
= c x hc  c = =
2 hc 35

2
a =
20

2
b =
28

2
c =
35

a  b  c 1  2  2 2 
S =   
28 35 
=
2 2  20

1 1 1 
=   
 20 28 35 

18
 1 1 1  2
S-a =     - 20
 20 28 35

1 1 1 
=   -
 28 35 20 

 35x 20  28x 20  28x35 

=  
 20x 28x35

 700  560  980 

=  
 20x 28x35

 10

280
=   20 x 28x35 

 2 

1 
= 
 70 


=
70

1 1 1  2
=   
 20 28 35  28
S-b -

1 1 1 
=   -
 20 35 28 

 35x 28  28x 20  20x35 

=  
 20x 28x35

 980  560  700 

=  
 20x 28x35

19
  42
63

 840 
=   20 x 28 x 35 
 14 5 

3 
= 
 70 

3
=
70

1 1 1  2
S-c =     - 35
 20 28 35

1 1 1 
=   -
 20 28 35 

 35x 28  20x35  20x 28 

=  
 20x 28x35

 980  700  560 

=  
 20x 28x35

 56
2 
 1120 
=   20x 28x35 
 

2 
= 
 35 

2
=
35

 = s(s  a )(s  b)(s  c)

20
 1 1 1      3   2 
=        
 20 28 35   70   70   35 

2240 1 3 2
= 2 x x x
20x 28x35 70 70 35

16x3
= 2
28x35x10x35x35

6
= 2
35x35x35x35

6
= 2
35x 35

6
2 =
35x 35

35x 35

6

2
a=
20

245 6
a=
6

2
b=
28

175 6
b=
12

2 35 6
c= = units.
35 3

21