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===Adjective=== |
===Adjective=== |
Revision as of 13:27, 15 May 2024
English
Etymology
From Middle English roten, from Old Norse rotinn (“decayed, rotten”), past participle of an unrecorded verb related to Old Norse rotna (“to rot”) and Old English rotian (“to rot”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (“to rot”). More at rot.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈɹɒtn̩/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GA" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈɹɑtn̩/, [ˈɹɑʔn̩]
- Hyphenation: rot‧ten
- Rhymes: -ɒtən
Adjective
rotten (comparative rottener or more rotten, superlative rottenest or most rotten)
- Of perishable items, overridden with bacteria and other infectious agents.
- If you leave a bin unattended for a few weeks, the rubbish inside will turn rotten.
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
- Antonio: Mark you this, Bassanio, / The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. / An evil soul producing holy witness / Is like a villain with a smiling cheek, / A goodly apple rotten at the heart. / O, what a goodly outside falsehood hath!
- In a state of decay.
- The floors were damaged and the walls were rotten.
- His mouth stank and his teeth were rotten.
- c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 191:
- But poore old man, thou prun'ſt a rotten tree, / That cannot ſo much as a bloſſome yeelde
- Cruel, mean or immoral.
- That man is a rotten father.
- This rotten policy will create more injustice in this country.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], page 257, column 2:
- Something is rotten in the State of Denmarke.
- Bad or terrible.
- Why is the weather always rotten in this city?
- It was a rotten idea to take the boat out today.
- She has the flu and feels rotten.
- Of stone or rock, crumbling or friable; in a loose or disintegrated state.
- 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 215:
- The quartz specimens were sometimes blue, hard-looking stone, or rotten quartz largely impregnated with iron, in both cases carrying bright glittering nodules of gold.
- (UK, Australia, slang) Very drunk, intoxicated.
Derived terms
Collocations
- rotten wood
- rotten food
- rotten egg
- rotten meat
- rotten fruit
- rotten tomato
- rotten apple
- rotten banana
- rotten milk
- rotten vegetable
- rotten tooth
- rotten smell
- rotten person
- rotten kid
- rotten bastard
- rotten scoundrel
- rotten weather
Translations
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Adverb
rotten (comparative more rotten, superlative most rotten)
- To an extreme degree.
- That kid is spoilt rotten.
- The girls fancy him something rotten.
- 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
- "It's old man Challenger's show and we are here by his good will, so it would be rotten bad form if we didn't follow his instructions to the letter."
- 1958 May, Avram Davidson, “Or All The Seas With Oysters”, in Galaxy Science Fiction[1], page 53:
- "You're not only crazy," Oscar said bitterly, "you're rotten jealous. You can go to hell." He stomped away.
Anagrams
Dutch
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch rotten, reformed from earlier roten, from Old Dutch *roton, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną.
Verb
rotten
- to rot, to go bad, to decay
- Het fruit begon te rotten omdat het te lang buiten de koelkast werd gelaten.
- The fruit began to rot because it was left out of the fridge for too long.
- Het hout van de schuur is aan het rotten.
- The wood of the barn is decaying.
- Als je de melk niet koel bewaart, zal ze rotten.
- If you don't keep the milk cool, it will go bad.
Inflection
Conjugation of rotten (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | rotten | |||
past singular | rotte | |||
past participle | gerot | |||
infinitive | rotten | |||
gerund | rotten n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | rot | rotte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | rot | rotte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | rot | rotte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | rot | rotte | ||
3rd person singular | rot | rotte | ||
plural | rotten | rotten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | rotte | rotte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | rotten | rotten | ||
imperative sing. | rot | |||
imperative plur.1 | rot | |||
participles | rottend | gerot | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Noun
rotten
German
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Low German rotten, alteration (perhaps intensivation) of older rōten, from Old Saxon rotōn, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn.
Verb
rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)
Usage notes
- As a simplex chiefly with certain adverbs, like vor sich hin. More common in compounds.
Conjugation
infinitive | rotten | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | rottend | ||||
past participle | gerottet | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich rotte | wir rotten | i | ich rotte | wir rotten |
du rottest | ihr rottet | du rottest | ihr rottet | ||
er rottet | sie rotten | er rotte | sie rotten | ||
preterite | ich rottete | wir rotteten | ii | ich rottete1 | wir rotteten1 |
du rottetest | ihr rottetet | du rottetest1 | ihr rottetet1 | ||
er rottete | sie rotteten | er rottete1 | sie rotteten1 | ||
imperative | rott (du) rotte (du) |
rottet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Middle High German roten, derived from rote (whence modern Rotte), from Old French rote, from Latin rupta.
Verb
rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)
- (obsolete) To form into a gang, to rout, to squad.
- 1788, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Egmont[2]:
- Steht fest gegen die fremde Lehre und glaubt nicht, durch Aufruhr befestige man Privilegien. Bleibt zu Hause; leidet nicht, daß sie sich auf den Straßen rotten.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
infinitive | rotten | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | rottend | ||||
past participle | gerottet | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich rotte | wir rotten | i | ich rotte | wir rotten |
du rottest | ihr rottet | du rottest | ihr rottet | ||
er rottet | sie rotten | er rotte | sie rotten | ||
preterite | ich rottete | wir rotteten | ii | ich rottete1 | wir rotteten1 |
du rottetest | ihr rottetet | du rottetest1 | ihr rottetet1 | ||
er rottete | sie rotteten | er rottete1 | sie rotteten1 | ||
imperative | rott (du) rotte (du) |
rottet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- zusammenrotten (remains common)
Etymology 3
From Middle High German roten, roden, from Proto-Germanic *rudōną. See roden.
Verb
rotten (weak, third-person singular present rottet, past tense rottete, past participle gerottet, auxiliary haben)
Conjugation
infinitive | rotten | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | rottend | ||||
past participle | gerottet | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich rotte | wir rotten | i | ich rotte | wir rotten |
du rottest | ihr rottet | du rottest | ihr rottet | ||
er rottet | sie rotten | er rotte | sie rotten | ||
preterite | ich rottete | wir rotteten | ii | ich rottete1 | wir rotteten1 |
du rottetest | ihr rottetet | du rottetest1 | ihr rottetet1 | ||
er rottete | sie rotteten | er rottete1 | sie rotteten1 | ||
imperative | rott (du) rotte (du) |
rottet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- ausrotten (remains common)
Further reading
- “rotten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “rotten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “rotten” in Duden online
Middle English
Verb
rotten
- Alternative form of roten (“to rot”)
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- rotta f
Noun
rotten m
West Frisian
Noun
rotten
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms suffixed with -en (past participle)
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɒtən
- Rhymes:English/ɒtən/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- British English
- Australian English
- English slang
- English adverbs
- English adjectives ending in -en
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔtən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔtən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch noun forms
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German terms derived from Old Saxon
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Old French
- German terms derived from Latin
- German terms with obsolete senses
- German terms with quotations
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- West Frisian non-lemma forms
- West Frisian noun forms