總理

See also: 総理 and 总理

Chinese

		always; to assemble; gather always; to assemble; gather; total; overall; head; chief; general; in every case	to manage; to heed; to put in order to manage; to heed; to put in order; reason; logic; science; inner principle or structure
trad. (總理)		總	理
simp. (总理)		总	理

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zǒnglǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄌㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung² lei⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chúng-lî

(Hailu, HRS): zung^ˊ li^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zorng³ li³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chóng-lí

(Teochew, Peng'im): zong² li²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǒnglǐ [Phonetic: zónglǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄌㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǒnglǐ
  - Wade–Giles: tsung³-li³
  - Yale: dzǔng-lǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoonglii
  - Palladius: цзунли (czunli)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung² lei⁵
  - Yale: júng léih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung² lei⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung² léi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁵ lei̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chúng-lî
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˋ li^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung³ li¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ³¹ li²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ li^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zorng³ li³ [Phonetic: zorng⁵ li³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒŋ⁴⁵³⁻²¹ li⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zorng³ li³ [Phonetic: zorng⁵ li³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒŋ³³²⁻²¹ li³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóng-lí
  - Tâi-lô: tsóng-lí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zofnglie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zong² li²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóng lí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ li⁵²⁻²¹/

Noun

總理

head of government who is not also a head of state, e.g. prime minister, premier, chancellor
周總理／周总理 ― Zhōu Zǒnglǐ ― Premier Zhou (specifically Zhou Enlai)
- 以色列於一九九六年以來，共舉行過三次總理直選，採絕對多數制，從選舉結果來看，三次選舉，當選人皆在第一輪投票時皆以過半數選票當選總理。 [MSC, trad.]
  以色列于一九九六年以来，共举行过三次总理直选，采绝对多数制，从选举结果来看，三次选举，当选人皆在第一轮投票时皆以过半数选票当选总理。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2004, 林東璟, 以色列總理選舉制度的變遷, page 140
  Yǐsèliè yú yī-jiǔ-jiǔ-liù nián yǐlái, gòng jǔxíng guò sān cì zǒnglǐ zhíxuǎn, cǎi juéduì duōshù zhì, cóng xuǎnjǔ jiéguǒ lái kàn, sān cì xuǎnjǔ, dāngxuǎnrén jiē zài dì-yī lún tóupiào shí jiē yǐ guòbànshù xuǎnpiào dāngxuǎn zǒnglǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 澳洲大選勝負已定，由總理莫里森領導的自由黨執政聯盟成功奪得眾議院過半數議席。 [MSC, trad.]
  澳洲大选胜负已定，由总理莫里森领导的自由党执政联盟成功夺得众议院过半数议席。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2019 May 23, 莫里森執政聯盟眾院議席多過上屆, in 《東方周報》 [Oriental Weekly], page 10
  Àozhōu dàxuǎn shèngfù yǐ dìng, yóu zǒnglǐ Mòlǐsēn lǐngdǎo de Zìyóudǎng zhízhèng liánméng chénggōng duódé Zhòngyìyuàn guòbànshù yìxí. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 在二戰之後，政治領袖最著名的道歉，應該是德國聯邦總理布蘭特（Willy Brandt）於1970年在華沙猶太人紀念碑前下跪，為納粹德國入侵波蘭謝罪。 [MSC, trad.]
  在二战之后，政治领袖最著名的道歉，应该是德国联邦总理布兰特（Willy Brandt）于1970年在华沙犹太人纪念碑前下跪，为纳粹德国入侵波兰谢罪。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2021, 李仰桓, 教科書應如何編寫原住民族轉型正義的內容？, in 《國家教育研究院電子報》, number 213
  Zài Èrzhàn zhīhòu, zhèngzhì lǐngxiù zuì zhùmíng de dàoqiàn, yīnggāi shì Déguó liánbāng zǒnglǐ Bùlántè (Willy Brandt) yú 1970 nián zài Huáshā Yóutàirén Jìniànbēi qián xiàguì, wèi Nàcuì Déguó rùqīn Bōlán xièzuì. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
director of a certain organization
- 不過，也應當看到，根據同盟會章程規定，總理應「由全體社員投票公舉」。儘管當時如果「投票公舉」，孫中山也完全有可能當選為同盟會總理，但孫中山的總理一職畢竟只是由黃興提議，然後大家舉手通過的。 [MSC, trad.]
  不过，也应当看到，根据同盟会章程规定，总理应「由全体社员投票公举」。尽管当时如果「投票公举」，孙中山也完全有可能当选为同盟会总理，但孙中山的总理一职毕竟只是由黄兴提议，然后大家举手通过的。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2014, 郭世佑, 《記問沉浮：近代史的求真之旅》, page 120
  Bùguò, yě yīngdāng kàndào, gēnjù Tóngménghuì zhāngchéng guīdìng, zǒnglǐ yīng “yóu quántǐ shèyuán tóupiào gōngjǔ”. Jǐnguǎn dāngshí rúguǒ “tóupiào gōngjǔ”, Sūn Zhōngshān yě wánquán yǒu kěnéng dāngxuǎn wéi Tóngménghuì zǒnglǐ, dàn Sūn Zhōngshān de zǒnglǐ yī zhí bìjìng zhǐshì yóu Huáng Xīng tíyì, ránhòu dàjiā jǔshǒu tōngguò de. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 這位中國領事把這些女人用「蓋爾人號」送回香港，「交託給」東華醫院總理。他指示船上的乘務長照顧她們，以免再次落入壞人之手。她們到香港後就被交予東華總理照料，總理們把她們一一交到各自的親屬手裏。 [MSC, trad.]
  这位中国领事把这些女人用「盖尔人号」送回香港，「交托给」东华医院总理。他指示船上的乘务长照顾她们，以免再次落入坏人之手。她们到香港后就被交予东华总理照料，总理们把她们一一交到各自的亲属手里。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2019, 冼玉儀 [Elizabeth Sinn], translated by 林立偉, 《穿梭太平洋：金山夢、華人出洋與香港的形成》 [Pacific Crossing: California Gold, Chinese Migration, and the Making of Hong Kong], page 333
  Zhè wèi Zhōngguó lǐngshì bǎ zhè xiē nǚrén yòng “Gài'ěrrén Hào” sòng huí Xiānggǎng, “jiāotuō gěi” Dōnghuá Yīyuàn zǒnglǐ. Tā zhǐshì chuán shàng de chéngwùzhǎng zhàogù tāmen, yǐmiǎn zàicì luòrù huàirén zhī shǒu. Tāmen dào Xiānggǎng hòu jiù bèi jiāo yǔ Dōnghuá zǒnglǐ zhàoliào, zǒnglǐmen bǎ tāmen yīyī jiāo dào gèzì de qīnshǔ shǒulǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 院方總理看見政府有地就賣，生怕連這塊廣大的地皮也會有朝一日被拍賣出去，便不能不想辦法加以制止。 [MSC, trad.]
  院方总理看见政府有地就卖，生怕连这块广大的地皮也会有朝一日被拍卖出去，便不能不想办法加以制止。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2022, 魯金, 《九龍街道故事》 [The Secret History of Kowloon's Streets], page 41
  Yuànfāng zǒnglǐ kànjiàn zhèngfǔ yǒu dì jiù mài, shēngpà lián zhè kuài guǎngdà de dìpí yě huì yǒuzhāoyīrì bèi pāimài chūqù, biàn bù néng bù xiǎng bànfǎ jiāyǐ zhìzhǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Usage notes

總理／总理 (zǒnglǐ) is generally used for countries not directly reigned by a monarch (Commonwealth countries like Australia are not considered "directly reigned" in this sense). When a monarch is present, 首相 (shǒuxiàng) is used instead. However, exceptions to this rule exist, as in the case for Thailand (chiefly Mainland), Cambodia (chiefly Mainland), Malaysia (chiefly Mainland) and Spain (chiefly Taiwan).

Descendants

→ Tibetan: ཙུང་ལི (tsung li)
→ Zhuang: cungjlij

Verb

總理

to assume overall responsibility for; to be completely in charge of
總理各國事務衙門 [MSC, trad.]
总理各国事务衙门 [MSC, simp.]
zǒnglǐ gèguó shìwù yámén [Pinyin]
Office for the General Management of Affairs Concerning the Various Countries (the formal name of the late Qing foreign ministry)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
總	理

Noun

總理

chữ Hán form of tổng lý (“premier, prime minister, general manager”).