Wiktionary

黃

See also: 黄 and 冓
黃 U+9EC3, 黃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EC3
← 黂
[U+9EC2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 黄 →
[U+9EC4]
⿈ U+2FC8, ⿈
KANGXI RADICAL YELLOW
← ⿇
[U+2FC7] 		Kangxi Radicals ⿉ →
[U+2FC9]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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See images of
Radical 201 黃

黃 (Kangxi radical 201, 黃+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿一田金 (TMWC), four-corner 44806, composition ⿱⿱廿一⿱由八(GHJK) or ⿱⿱廿一⿱田八(T))

  1. Kangxi radical #201, ⿈.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №486

Derived characters

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Further reading

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Chinese Wikisource has digitized text of the Kangxi Dictionary entry for 黃:
[[wikisource:zh:康熙字典/黃部/黃部#黃|黃部/黃部]]

Wikisource


  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1516, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47926
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2046, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4596, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+9EC3

Chinese

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trad. 黃/黄
simp. 黄

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 黃
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (黃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
僙 *kʷaːŋ
廣 *kʷaːŋʔ
鄺 *kʷaːŋʔ, *qʰʷaːŋ
懬 *kʰʷaːŋʔ, *kʰaːŋʔ
爌 *kʰʷaːŋʔ, *kʰʷaːŋs, *qʰʷaːŋʔ
曠 *kʰʷaːŋs
矌 *kʰʷaːŋs
壙 *kʰʷaːŋs
纊 *kʰʷaːŋs
黃 *ɡʷaːŋ
璜 *ɡʷaːŋ
潢 *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷaːŋs
簧 *ɡʷaːŋ
癀 *ɡʷaːŋ
鱑 *ɡʷaːŋ
獚 *ɡʷaːŋ
蟥 *ɡʷaːŋ
趪 *ɡʷaːŋ
櫎 *ɡʷaːŋʔ
擴 *ɡʷlaːŋs, *kʰʷaːɡ
瀇 *qʷaːŋʔ
獷 *kʷaŋʔ, *kʷraːŋʔ
觵 *kʷraːŋ
礦 *kʷraːŋʔ
鑛 *kʷraːŋʔ
穬 *kʷraːŋʔ
橫 *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs, *kʷaːŋ
黌 *ɡʷraːŋ
鐄 *ɡʷraːŋ
嚝 *qʰʷraːŋ
彉 *kʷaːɡ, *qʰʷaːɡ
彍 *kʷaːɡ, *qʰʷaːɡ

Chi (2010) proposes that 黃 was originally a pictogram (象形) and the original character of 尪 (OC *qʷaːŋ, “a disabled person with a protruding chest or abdomen”). It has been phonetically borrowed for "yellow" since the era of the oracle bone script. He (1998) noted the possible ritual of burning disabled people with a protruding chest or abdomen to pray for rain as mentioned in Zuozhuan. The 口 in the upper part of the bronze inscription of 黃 might be depicting the disabled person's face facing upwards. Compare 堇.

Li (2012), on the other hand, proposes that 黃 was originally a pictogram (象形) and the original character of 璜 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “semicircular jade”) as the 口 in the oracle bone script resembles a ring of jade, so the character would carry the meaning of "a man wearing a ring of jade on his chest". The meaning "yellow" is the result of rebus. See also the original version of 周, which represents carved jade.

According to Shuowen, it is both a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaːŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 炗 (, “light”) + semantic 田 (“field”) – the color of earth, with 炗 being the ancient form of 光 (OC *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs, “light”). However, this interpretation is erroneous as 廿 at the top was formed as a result of corruption of 口 in the bronze inscription.

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hwaŋ (“shine; bright; yellow”). Cognate with 光 (OC *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs, “light; bright”), 曠 (OC *kʰʷaːŋs, “bright; well-lit”), Burmese ဝင်း (wang:, “bright”), Burmese ဝါ (wa, “yellow”).

“sexually obscene; pornographic”
Back-formation from 黃色／黄色 (huángsè).

Pronunciation

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Note: huángr - (1) “yolk”, (2) “the ovaries, roe and digestive tract of a female crab”.
Note: wong4-2 - “yolk”.
Note:
  • ng2 - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • horng2 - literary.
Note:
  • n̂g/ûiⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • hông - literary.
Note: ui5 - vernacular (incl. surname).
Note: 1huaon - variant pronunciation (e.g. 蛋黃／蛋黄 (dànhuáng)).
Note:
  • uan2 - vernacular;
  • fan2 - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 黃
    Mandarin Beijing /xuɑŋ³⁵/
    Harbin /xuaŋ²⁴/
    Tianjin /xuɑŋ⁴⁵/
    Jinan /xuaŋ⁴²/
    Qingdao /xuaŋ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /xuaŋ⁴²/
    Xi'an /xuaŋ²⁴/
    Xining /xuɔ̃²⁴/
    Yinchuan /xuɑŋ⁵³/
    Lanzhou /xuɑ̃⁵³/
    Ürümqi /xuɑŋ⁵¹/
    Wuhan /xuaŋ²¹³/
    Chengdu /xuaŋ³¹/
    Guiyang /xuaŋ²¹/
    Kunming /xuã̠³¹/
    Nanjing /xuaŋ²⁴/
    Hefei /xuɑ̃⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /xuɒ̃¹¹/
    Pingyao /xuɑŋ¹³/
    /xuə¹³/ 發糕
    Hohhot /xuɑ̃³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ɦuɑ̃²³/
    Suzhou /ɦuɑ̃¹³/
    Hangzhou /ɦuɑŋ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /ɦuɔ³¹/
    Hui Shexian /xo⁴⁴/
    /o⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /au⁴⁴/ ～色
    /xau⁴⁴/ 姓～
    Xiang Changsha /fan¹³/
    /uan¹³/
    Xiangtan /ɦɔn¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /uɔŋ⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /voŋ¹¹/
    Taoyuan /voŋ¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /wɔŋ²¹/
    Nanning /wɔŋ²¹/
    Hong Kong /wɔŋ²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hɔŋ³⁵/
    /ŋ³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /uoŋ⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /uaŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /ŋ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /huaŋ³¹/
    /ui³¹/
    Rime
    Character 黃
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 唐 (102)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 胡光切
    Baxter hwang
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦwɑŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦʷɑŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣuɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦwaŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣuɑŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣuɑŋ/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ɣwɑŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		huáng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		wong4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 黃
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		huáng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ hwang ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*N-kʷˁaŋ/
    English yellow

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 黃
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 5380
    Phonetic
    component         		黄
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		黃
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡʷaːŋ/
    Notes 甲金文象繫市（韍）之圍腰綬帶，取唐蘭釋黃爲衡綬但不取其尪本字說。非光聲

    Definitions

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    黃

    1. yellow (colour)
      黃色／黄色  ―  'huángsè  ―  yellow color
    2. yolk
      雙黃白蓮蓉月餅 [Cantonese, trad.]
      双黄白莲蓉月饼 [Cantonese, simp.]
      soeng1 wong4-2 baak6 lin4 jung4 jyut6 beng2 [Jyutping]
      double yolk and lotus paste mooncake
    3. Short for 蟹黃／蟹黄 (xièhuáng).
    4. yellow; Far East Asian
    5. (colloquial) pornographic; lewd
      黃片／黄片  ―  huángpiàn  ―  adult movie
    6. (colloquial) to fizzle out; to fall through
      某些公司真是絕了，收啥黃啥。 [MSC, trad.]
      某些公司真是绝了，收啥黄啥。 [MSC, simp.]
      Mǒuxiē gōngsī zhēn shi jué le, shōu shá huáng shá. [Pinyin]
      Some companies are really sucktastic; whatever [they] purchase flops.
      這次旅遊的興致讓扒手兒給攪黃了。 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
      这次旅游的兴致让扒手儿给搅黄了。 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]
      Zhèi cì lǚyóu de xìngzhi ràng páshǒur gěi jiǎo huáng le. [Pinyin]
      The high spirit of this trip was ruined by a pickpocket.
    7. (Cantonese) to let the cat out of the bag (to let a secret be known)
    8. (Hong Kong, politics) supportive of Hong Kong's pro-democracy movement
      Antonym: 藍／蓝 (lán)
      See also: 黃絲
    9. (Southern Min) to ripen
    10. Short for 黃帝／黄帝 (Huángdì).
    11. Short for 黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé, “Yellow River”).
    12. a surname
      黃宗羲／黄宗羲  ―  Huáng Zōngxī  ―  Huang Zongxi (Chinese intellectual and political theorist that lived during the latter part of the Ming dynasty into the early part of the Qing)
      黃蕙蘭 [Hokkien, trad.]
      黄蕙兰 [Hokkien, simp.]
      Ûiⁿ Hūi-lân [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      Oei Hui-lan (a Chinese-Indonesian socialite and First Lady of the Republic of China)

    Synonyms

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    Dialectal synonyms of 蛋黃 (“egg yolk”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蛋黃, 卵黃
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 蛋黃兒, 黃兒
    Taiwan 蛋黃
    Malaysia 蛋黃
    Singapore 蛋黃
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 蛋黃兒
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 黃子
    Lanzhou 黃子
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 蛋黃, 蛋黃黃, 黃黃
    Wuhan 蛋黃, 黃
    Guiyang 蛋黃
    Guilin 蛋黃
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 蛋黃子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 蛋黃
    Hong Kong 蛋黃, 黃
    Singapore (Guangfu) 蛋黃
    Gan Nanchang 蛋黃
    Lichuan 蛋黃
    Pingxiang 架架黃
    Hakka Meixian 卵黃
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 春黃
    Yudu 蛋黃
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Jin Xinzhou 黃子
    Northern Min Jian'ou 卵黃
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 卵黃
    Fuzhou (Changle) 卵黃
    Fuqing 卵黃
    Yongtai 卵黃
    Gutian 卵黃
    Fu'an 卵黃
    Ningde 卵黃
    Shouning 卵黃
    Zhouning 卵黃
    Fuding 卵黃
    Southern Min Xiamen 卵仁
    Quanzhou 卵仁
    Jinjiang 卵仁
    Zhangzhou 卵仁
    Taipei 卵仁
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 卵仁
    Kaohsiung 卵仁
    Yilan 卵仁
    Changhua (Lukang) 卵仁
    Taichung 卵仁
    Tainan 卵仁
    Hsinchu 卵仁
    Kinmen 卵仁
    Penghu (Magong) 卵仁
    Penang (Hokkien) 卵仁
    Singapore (Hokkien) 卵仁
    Manila (Hokkien) 卵仁
    Longyan 卵仁
    Chaozhou 卵仁
    Jieyang 卵仁
    Leizhou 紅仁
    Haikou 卵黃
    Singapore (Hainanese) 卵黃, 卵仁
    Puxian Min Putian 雞卵膏, 卵膏, 紅膏, 黃膏
    Xianyou 雞卵膏, 卵膏, 紅膏
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 蛋黃
    Wu Shanghai 蛋黃
    Shanghai (Chongming) 蛋黃
    Suzhou 蛋黃
    Danyang 子黃
    Hangzhou 蛋黃
    Ningbo 蛋黃
    Wenzhou 卵黃

    Descendants

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    Sino-Xenic (黃):
    • → Japanese: 黄(おう) (ō); 黄(こう) (kō)
    • → Korean: 황(黃) (Hwang)
    • → Vietnamese: Huỳnh (黃), Hoàng (黃)

    Others:

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    		黄

    Kyūjitai

    		黃

    Kanji

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    黃

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 黄)

    1. Kyūjitai form of 黄

    Readings

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    Korean

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    Hanja

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    黃 (eumhun 누를 황 (nureul hwang))

    1. hanja form? of 황 (“yellow; a surname”)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    黃: Hán Việt readings: hoàng[1][2][3][4][5][6], huỳnh[2][5][7]
    黃: Nôm readings: vàng[7][6]

    1. chữ Hán form of hoàng (“yellow”).
    2. Nôm form of vàng (“yellow; gold”).
    3. chữ Hán form of Hoàng (“a surname”).
      黃春榮 ― Hoàng Xuân Vinh

    Compounds

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    References

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    1. ^ Génibrel (1898).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bonet (1899).
    3. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
    4. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Trần (1999).
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Trần (2004).
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