EVS37—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Seoul, Republic of Korea)

A special issue of World Electric Vehicle Journal (ISSN 2032-6653).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 8714

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
MOBI—Electromobility Research Centre, Department of Electrical Engineering and Energy Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
Interests: electric and hybrid vehicles (batteries, power converters, and energy management simulations); the environmental and economical comparison of vehicles with different drive trains and fuels (LCA and TCO)
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Guest Editor
Department of Automotive Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Interests: autonomous & connected car; environmental friendly vehicle (ICE, HEV, EV); automotive electronics and control
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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
Interests: hybrid electric vehicles; optimal control; powertrain system optimization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will gather updated versions of the best papers from EVS37, the 37th International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition, which will be held from 23 April 2024 to 26 April 2024 in Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The International Electric Vehicle Symposium (EVS) is the world's longest, largest, and highest-spec event in the field of electric vehicles, covering various areas including pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, and core components. The EVS is hosted by the World Electric Vehicle Association (WEVA), which consists of the Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) in North America, the European Association for Electromobility (AVERE) in Europe, and the Electric Vehicle Association of the Asia Pacific (EVAAP) in Asia Pacific, with each organizing the EVS in their region in turn. The EVS has already had a long history since its birth in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, in 1969.

The theme of EVS37 is Electric Waves to Future Mobility. With this annual gathering of the world’s EV experts, EVS37 features cutting-edge research and showcases innovative technologies and market developments. The papers cover research, market, and government activities across all fields related to hybrid, battery, and fuel cell technologies, as well as associated infrastructure and services. For more information, see http://evs37korea.org.

The authors of the best papers presented at EVS37 will be invited to expand their paper further to include their most recent research findings. After a second thorough round of peer review, these papers will be published in this Special Issue of the World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ), the official journal of the World Electric Vehicle Association (WEVA) and its members. Papers selected for publication from the Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS) will be published free of any charge in this Special Issue.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact the editorial office at [email protected].

Prof. Dr. Joeri Van Mierlo
Prof. Dr. Myoungho Sunwoo
Prof. Dr. Namwook Kim
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. World Electric Vehicle Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles
  • electric autonomous vehicles
  • electric connected vehicles
  • V2H
  • V2G
  • storage systems
  • propulsion systems
  • power electronics
  • electric vehicle management

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4083 KiB  
Article
Sizing a Renewable-Based Microgrid to Supply an Electric Vehicle Charging Station: A Design and Modelling Approach
by Amirhossein Khazali, Yazan Al-Wreikat, Ewan J. Fraser, Mobin Naderi, Matthew J. Smith, Suleiman M. Sharkh, Richard G. Wills, Daniel T. Gladwin, David A. Stone and Andrew J. Cruden
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(8), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15080363 - 12 Aug 2024
Viewed by 410
Abstract
In this paper, an optimisation framework is presented for planning a stand-alone microgrid for supplying EV charging (EVC) stations as a design and modelling approach for the FEVER (future electric vehicle energy networks supporting renewables) project. The main problem of the microgrid capacity [...] Read more.
In this paper, an optimisation framework is presented for planning a stand-alone microgrid for supplying EV charging (EVC) stations as a design and modelling approach for the FEVER (future electric vehicle energy networks supporting renewables) project. The main problem of the microgrid capacity sizing is making a compromise between the planning cost and providing the EV charging load with a renewable generation-based system. Hence, obtaining the optimal capacity for the microgrid components in order to acquire the desired level of reliability at minimum cost can be challenging. The proposed planning scheme specifies the size of the renewable generation and battery energy storage systems not only to maintain the generation–load balance but also to minimise the capital cost (CAPEX) and operational expenditures (OPEX). To study the impact of renewable generation and EV charging uncertainties, the information gap decision theory (IGDT) is used to include risk-averse (RA) and opportunity-seeking (OS) strategies in the planning optimisation framework. The simulations indicate that the planning scheme can acquire the global optimal solution for the capacity of each element and for a certain level of reliability or obtain the global optimal level of reliability in addition to the capacities to maximise the net present value (NPV) of the system. The total planning cost changes in the range of GBP 79,773 to GBP 131,428 when the expected energy not supplied (EENS) changes in the interval of 10 to 1%. The optimiser plans PV generation systems in the interval of 50 to 63 kW and battery energy storage system in the interval of 130 to 280 kWh and with trivial capacities of wind turbine generation. The results also show that by increasing the total cost according to an uncertainty budget, the uncertainties caused by EV charging load and PV generation can be managed according to a robustness radius. Furthermore, by adopting an opportunity-seeking strategy, the total planning cost can be decreased proportional to the variations in these uncertain parameters within an opportuneness radius. Full article
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14 pages, 7593 KiB  
Article
Optimal Fast-Charging Strategy for Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells at Different Temperatures
by Joris Jaguemont, Ali Darwiche and Fanny Bardé
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(8), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15080330 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 406
Abstract
Ensuring efficiency and safety is critical when developing charging strategies for lithium-ion batteries. This paper introduces a novel method to optimize fast charging for cylindrical Li-ion NMC 3Ah cells, enhancing both their charging efficiency and thermal safety. Using Model Predictive Control (MPC), this [...] Read more.
Ensuring efficiency and safety is critical when developing charging strategies for lithium-ion batteries. This paper introduces a novel method to optimize fast charging for cylindrical Li-ion NMC 3Ah cells, enhancing both their charging efficiency and thermal safety. Using Model Predictive Control (MPC), this study presents a cost function that estimates the thermal safety boundary of Li-ion batteries, emphasizing the relationship between the temperature gradient and the state of charge (SoC) at different temperatures. The charging control framework combines an equivalent circuit model (ECM) with minimal electro-thermal equations to estimate battery state and temperature. Optimization results indicate that at ambient temperatures, the optimal charging allows the cell’s temperature to self-regulate within a safe operating range, requiring only one additional minute to reach 80% SoC compared to a typical fast-charging protocol (high current profile). Validation through numerical simulations and real experimental data from an NMC 3Ah cylindrical cell demonstrates that the simple approach adheres to the battery’s electrical and thermal limitations during the charging process. Full article
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14 pages, 10219 KiB  
Article
Teleoperated Driving with Virtual Twin Technology: A Simulator-Based Approach
by Keonil Kim and Seok-Cheol Kee
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(7), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070311 - 16 Jul 2024
Viewed by 637
Abstract
This study introduces an innovative Teleoperated Driving (ToD) system integrated with virtual twin technology using the MORAI simulator. The system minimizes the need for extensive video data transmission by utilizing text-based vehicle information, significantly reducing the communication load. Key technical advancements include the [...] Read more.
This study introduces an innovative Teleoperated Driving (ToD) system integrated with virtual twin technology using the MORAI simulator. The system minimizes the need for extensive video data transmission by utilizing text-based vehicle information, significantly reducing the communication load. Key technical advancements include the use of high-precision GNSS devices for accurate vehicle location tracking, robust data communication via the MQTT protocol, and the implementation of the Ego Ghost mode in the MORAI simulator for precise vehicle simulation. The integration of these technologies enables efficient data transmission and enhanced system reliability, effectively mitigating issues such as communication blackouts and delays. Our findings demonstrate that this approach ensures stable and efficient operation, optimizing communication resource management and enhancing operational stability, which is crucial for scenarios requiring high video quality and real-time response. This research represents a significant advancement in ToD technology, establishing a precedent for integrating virtual twin systems to create more resource-efficient and reliable autonomous driving backup solutions. The virtual twin-based ToD system provides a robust platform for remote vehicle operation, ensuring safety and reliability in various driving conditions. Full article
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9 pages, 6634 KiB  
Communication
Defects and Mechanical Properties of Silicon Nitride Ball Bearings for Electric Vehicle Reducers
by Jinhyeok Jang, Youngmin Lee, Hoonhee Cheong and Jeongho Yang
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(6), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15060272 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 671
Abstract
In this study, two types of Si3N4 ball bearings for integrated-type EV reducers developed via different manufacturing processes were analyzed to study the microstructure of the balls and the defects that may occur during the manufacturing process. Three types of [...] Read more.
In this study, two types of Si3N4 ball bearings for integrated-type EV reducers developed via different manufacturing processes were analyzed to study the microstructure of the balls and the defects that may occur during the manufacturing process. Three types of defects were confirmed that can reduce the fatigue life of Si3N4 ball bearings in operating environments. The microstructure was analyzed to identify the main additive components of each bearing, and pore defects with a size of less than 1 μm, and the types (particle defects or surface defects) and sizes of defects, were analyzed using LSCM, OM, and SEM. Hardness and fracture toughness, which are representative mechanical properties of ceramic materials, were evaluated. The results, evaluated using a Vickers indentation crack-based method, were statistically analyzed to confirm differences in hardness and fracture toughness between the two samples. Full article
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16 pages, 1323 KiB  
Article
Global Patent Analysis of Battery Recycling Technologies: A Comparative Study of Korea, China, and the United States
by Chae-Hoon Lee
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(6), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15060260 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 5169
Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of global patent trends in battery recycling, focusing on secondary batteries and related technologies across Korea, China, and the United States. The methodology involved collecting data from various patent databases, followed by quantitative analysis to identify technology [...] Read more.
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of global patent trends in battery recycling, focusing on secondary batteries and related technologies across Korea, China, and the United States. The methodology involved collecting data from various patent databases, followed by quantitative analysis to identify technology trends and guide future development. The research employed statistical tools to analyze patent activities, including the frequency and scope of patent filings, and comparative analysis to highlight differences between countries. This study reveals distinct emphases on technologies such as lithium-ion and waste battery recycling, highlighting notable differences in patent activities among key companies and countries. China’s large number of patents in battery manufacturing processes contrasts with the USA’s focus on electrochemical cell construction and storage systems, while Korea shows significant activity in waste battery technology. The novelty of this paper lies in its detailed comparative analysis of patent trends across these three major economies, providing insights into the technological focuses and priorities of each country. The study also identifies key challenges, such as the need for consistent innovation and broader geographic coverage in Korea, enhancing patent influence and international presence in China, and ensuring high patent quality and fostering innovation in lagging sectors in the United States. Addressing these challenges through enhanced collaboration, increased R&D investments, and supportive policies is crucial for strengthening the global position and driving further innovation in the battery recycling sector. Full article
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