Seerat of Holy Prophet

(S.A.W.W) II

The life of Prophet (SAWW)

in Madinat ul Munawwarh.

Instructor :
Dr Sajjad Ahmed
[email protected]

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 Over view : Life in Madinah ( 10 years)

 Migration of the Prophet [SAWW]

 A New Society being built(A Charter of Madina / Islamic Alliance )
 A Cooperation and Non-Aggression Pact with the Jews/ non-muslims
 The Prophet in the Battlefield
 The Battle of Badr (2 A.H- First Decisive Battle )
 The Battle of Uhud (3 A.H.) ( importance of Obedience of Holy Prophet
SAWW)
 The Battle of Al-Ahzab (5 A.H.)
 Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty (6 A.H.) ( Socio Political Impact )

 Letters to spread the Message of Islam to beyond Arabia

 The Conquest of Khaibar (7 A.H.)
 The Conquest of Makkah (8 A.H) (Great Victory without bloodshed )
 The Farewell Pilgrimage ( 10 A.H) (khutbah Hajjat ul Wida )

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 LIFE OF HOLY
PROPHET(S.A.W) AT
MADINAH
HIJRAH TO MADINAH:
 The annual Hajj of the kaba brought to Makkah many
people from all part of Arabia. Holy prophet (S.A.W) tried to
convey his message to some inhabitants of Yasrab
(Madinah).
 At that time His age was 51 years and the people of yasrab,
they were total 12 in no, they accepted Islam, taken an
oath, request for a teacher who preach Islam in Yasrab.
 Holy Prophet (SAW) sent Hazrat Musab bin Umair, who led a
contingent of 73 people, they also accepted Islam taken an
oath and invited Holy Prophet (SAW) for migration to
Yasrab(Madinah).
 These two occasions of oath known as first and second
pledges of Al-Aqbah.
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  Holy prophet (SAW) gave permission to his
companions to migrate to Madinah. Secretly
and in small groups a great part of the Muslims
migrated to Madinah. Holy Prophet (SAW) was
waiting for permission by Allah to migrate to
Madinah himself.
 After getting permission Holy Prophet (SAW)
migrated to Madinah and his age was 53 years.
After migration yasrab became Madinah.

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 1st year of Hijrah (622 C.E)
 The New Islamic State of Madinah
 Construction of Masjid e Nabwi SAWW
 Azan (Call to Prayer)
 Islamic Brotherhood (Mawakhat)
 Charter of Madina (treaty with Jews)

2nd year of Hijrah (623 C.E)

 Change of Qibla
 Obligation of Fasting in Ramazan
 Obligation of Zakat
 Jihad (Permission to Fight in the cause of Allah againt the enemies of Islam)
 Battle of Badar

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Islamic BROTHERHOOD ( known as Mawakhat):
 After migration, the first job completed by Holy Prophet
(SAW) was the creation of brotherhood among 45 families
of Muhajareen and Ansar.
 They treated with each other like actual brothers and this
event is known as Mawakhat e Madinah in the history of
Islam.
CHARTER OF MADINAH:
In Madina there were three Jews tribes:
 Banu Nazir , 2.Banu Quraizah and 3.Banu Qanqua
 Two Christian tribes Banu Aous and Banu Khazraj were also
living.
 The Jews tribes were creating fighting between these two
Christian tribes for their own safety.
 Holy Prophet (SAW) , after migration dictated a chartered
b/w Muslims and Jews with the following terms:
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CHARTER OF MADINAH ( Treaty with Jews):
1. The custom of Qissas (system of blood money ) will
continue to be observed with justice and kindness.
2. The Jews will have full religious freedom.
3. Jews and Muslims maintain friendly relations.
4. No party will give refuge to the Quraish of Makkah.
5. In every matter, both will help each other.
6. If Madinah is attacked both parties will participate
for defense. For peace both parties will participate.
7. A poor Muslim is entitled to the same right to
protection as a Muslim of wealth and position.
8. The final decision would be with Holy Prophet
(SAW).

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 BATTLE OF BADR
(First Decisive Battle in the History of Islam)

 Ghazwah/Battle was fought on Friday, 17th Ramazan 2 A.H/ 623

A.D, at the place of Badr, a village 80 miles away from Madina.

 Battle of Badr was a great victory of Muslims in history of Islam. A

final decision between right and wrong.

 The Prophet on the Battlefield

 Pre-Badr Missions and Invasions

 The Battle of Badr

 Reason of the Battle Some Significant Instances of Devotion
 Reaction in Makkah
 Madinah receives the News of Victory
 The Battle of Badr in its Qur’anic Context.
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 It was unacceptable for the non Muslims of Makkah
that the total number of Muslims was increasing day
to day, Therefore, they were searching a reason to
attack on Madinah to finish the Islam and Muslims.
 In 2nd Hijra a Carvan was coming back to Makkah in
the leadership of Abu-sufyan from Syria after
completing business at Syria
 A false statement was announced by Abu-Jahal in
Makkah that the Carvan had been attacked and
many people had been killed by the Muslims of the
Madinah. After hearing this news Non- Muslims of
Makkah started preparations for war with Muslims
 Therefore Quraish Army of 1000 with 70 horses
marched towards Madinah in the leadership of Abu-
Jahal. The Quraish reached the battlefiled of Badr,
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earlier and occupied the points of advantage.
 On the advice of Hubab bin Munzir R.A , Muslims
 The Holy Prophet SAWW marched towards Badr with only
313, just two horses and with few weapons.
 The Holy Prophet SAWW spent the whole night in the
prayer and supplication. He prayed : O Allah ! If this
small band of men perish, there will be no one alive
to worship you. And your faith will be destroyed
forever.
 Allah Almighty helped the Muslims with angels.
Quran says:
“Your Lord will help you with five thousand
angels”
 Holy Prophet (S.A.W) got help from Allah in the
shape of prostration. A long prostration was done by
Holy Prophet (S.A.W).
 Non-Muslims of Makkah were defeated very badly.
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 Their 70 soldiers were killed and 70 were arrested,
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 The Battle of Uhud
 on the Friday, the 13th Shawwal, 3 A.H/ 624 A.D, at the
place of Uhad.
 Battle of Uhud was a revenge of battle of badr from the
side of Non -Muslims in the history of Islam. Due to the
victory of Muslims in the battle of badr, the Non-Muslims
of Makkah were very angry and started preparation for
war as a revenge. It was decided that the profits of the
escaped carawan , which amounted to 1000 camels and
50000 Dinars, should be devoted to the army.
 Therefore, in 3rd Hijra an army of 3000 soldiers in the
leadership of Abu Sufyan with full weapons marched
towards Madinah and reached near to the mountain of
Uhud.
 Mean while Holy Prophet(S.A.W) called the companions
14 and asked for their decision. Every Sahabi(R.A) was
ready for war. Holy prophet(S.A.W) prepared 1000
 Now the total number of Muslim army was 700 and
the both armies were in front of each other. Before
starting the war, Holy Prophet (SAW) placed a
number of 50 Muslim soldiers on the top of the
mountain, under the commend of Hazrat
Abdullah bin Jubair (R.A).
The war was started and the Muslim army in the
leadership of Holy Prophet(SAW) attacked on the
non-Muslim army with full force, therefore the
non-muslims did not bear the attack of the
Muslims and started to left the place of Battle.
Initially Muslim army achieved victory. But the fifty
soldiers which were placed on the top of mountain
by holy Prophet(SAW), left their place because
they thought that Muslim have won the battle.
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 The non-Muslims again attacked from the
same place on the Muslims and the Muslims got
unbalanced.
Therefore, the forehead of Holy Prophet(SAW)
was badly wounded, His teeth were broken and
he fell down in the trench.
 When it was conformed that the Holy
Prophet(S.A.W) is alive, then again Muslim
soldiers collected their force but the non-Muslims
left the place of war without any decision and
returned back to Makkah.
In this Battle 70 companions of Holy
Prophet(SAW) got martyred and 22 non-Muslims
were killed.
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 BATTLE OF KHANDAQ/ AHZAB/
TRENCH:
 This battle was fought in fifth Hijrah.
 Combined military forces including non-Muslims
of Makkah, jews and many tribes participated in
this battle.
 Ahzab means combined military forces.
 The leader/commander of the non-Muslims was
Hazrat Abu Sufyan.
 The total number of Muslim forces/army was
three thousands.

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  Total number of non-Muslim forces was 10000.
 With the advise of Hazrat Salman Farsi(R.A), a new
technique was adopted and the trenches were dig out
for the safety of Madinah from three sides. The total
depth was 5 yards.
 Holy Prophet (SAW) himself participated for the digging
of the trenches.
 Non-Muslim forces surrounded Madinah for one month
but did not cross the trenches.
 The non-Muslims were facing difficulties and hardship.
 Allah gave special help for believers by fast wind and
also tension and cold wind defeated enemy.
 Due to fast wind, their tents became misbalanced and
they left the place of battle without any decision.

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 o Treaty Of Hudaibiyah
o It was about the Dhul Qa‘dah 6 A.H/628 A.H, when the Prophet
[SAWW] saw in a dream, while he was still in Madinah, that he had
entered the sacred in Makkah in security with his followers, and was
performing the ‘Umrah.
 He informed some of his Companions the contents of his dream, their
hearts leapt up with joy since they found in it the actualization of their
deep longing to take part in pilgrimage. 1400 (1500 in few books)
Sahaba-e-Karam including his wife Umm Salamah were with Him.
Stopping place was Dhi Hulaifa/ Al-Ḥudaybiyah, situated about 9 miles
(14.5 km) outside Mecca .
o The rules of prayer of fear (‫لوۃ الخوف‬Q‫)ص‬revealed during this.
o were revealed Non-Muslims of Makkah prepare for war, Holy
Prophet(SAW) sent Hazrat Usman (R.A) with message that we did not
come here for fighting but only to perform Umrah. WHY Hazrat Usman
was chosen?
o After the departure of Hazrat Usman (R.A), it was announced that Hazrat
Usman (R.A) has been killed in Makkah.
o Holy Prophet (SAW) taken an oath from Sahab-e-Ikram for the revenge of
Hazrat Usman (R.A) which is known as Bait-e-Rizwan.
 It is also mentioned in Al-Quran as “ Indeed, Allâh was pleased with the

21 believers when they gave their Bai‘a (pledge) to you (O Muhammad [SAWW] )
under the tree.“ " [Al-Qur'an 48:18]
  The news was false as Hazrat Usman (R.A) came back and the Non
Muslims of Makkah sent Sohail Bin Amar for an agreement with
the Muslims.
 A treaty (Agreement ) was signed at the place of Hudaibiyah with
the following points.
1. Go back this year without Umrah.
2. Come next year but only for three days.
3. You will come without weapons.
4. If any Muslim or Non Muslim will reach at Madinah from Makkah
he would be sent back to Makkah.
5. If any Muslim will reach at Makkah he would not be sent back to
Madinah.
6. The Arab tribes are free to join Muslims or Non Muslims.
7. War activities shall be suspended for ten years, during
which both parties will live in full security and neither will
raise sword against the other.
It is the agreement of Peace, in which Mecca gave
political and religious recognition to the growing
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community of Muslims in Medina.
 Some dispute arose : For example, when the agreement was
to be committed to writing, Hazrat ‘Ali bin Abi Talib, who
acted as a scribe began with the words: Bismillâh ir-Rahman
ir-Raheem, but the Makkan Suhail bin ‘Amr declared that he
knew nothing about Ar-Rahman and insisted upon the
customary formula Bi-ismika Allâhumma,. The Muslims
grumbled with uneasiness but the Prophet [pbuh] agreed.
 He then went on to dictate, "This is what Muhammad, the
Messenger of Allâh has agreed to with Suhail bin ‘Amr."
Upon this Suhail again protested: "Had we acknowledged
you as Prophet, we would not have debarred you from the
Sacred House, nor fought against you. Write your own name
and the name of your father."The Prophet [pbuh], however,
in the larger interest of Islam, erased the words himself, and
dictated instead: "Muhammad, the son of ‘Abdullah."
 Soon after this treaty, Khuza‘a clan, a former ally of Banu
Hashim, joined the ranks of Muhammad [pbuh], and Banu
Bakr sided with Quraish.
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 Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty: Socio-political Impact
"a manifest victory”.
 A series of events confirmed the profound wisdom and
splendid results of the peace treaty which Allâh called "a
manifest victory”.
﴿ ‫﴾ِإَّنا َف َتْح َنا َلَك َف ْتًح ا ُّمِبيًنا‬
Verily, We have given you (O Muhammad SAW) a manifest victory.
 The title of the surah, “Victory”, refers to the victory of the Muslims over
the Meccans at the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, although no fighting was to take
place.

 This is supported by the fact that the Prophet [pbuh] went out to Al-
Hudaibiyah with only 1,400 men, but when he set out to liberate Makkah,
two years later, he had 10,000 men with him.
 Abu Baseer was joined by Abu Jandal and others until a fair- sized colony
was formed and soon sought revenge on Quraish and started to intercept
their caravans.
 The early part of the year 7 A.H. witnessed the Islamization of three
prominent men of Makkah, ‘Amr bin Al-‘As, Khalid bin Al-Waleed and
‘Uthman bin Talhah. On their arrival and entrance into the fold of Islam, the
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Prophet [pbuh] said, "Quraish has given us its own blood."
 The Conquest Of Makkah
(The great victory without bloodshed )
 Due to the violation of Treaty of Hudaibia, Holy
Prophet (SAW) prepared to attack on Makkah in 8 th A.H.
(see the detail in the book)
 On 10 the Ramazan 8 A.H, He marched towards
Makkah with 10,000 strong army.
 The Great Prophet SAW issued the following
instructions to the Islamic Army before entering
Makkah:
1) Any body who surrender should not be killed.
2) Whoever takes shelter in the house of Hazrat Abu
Sufiyan would not be killed.
3) Those who tried to run away, should not be killed.
4) Those who close their house door should not be killed.

25 5) Old people, ladies and children should not be killed.

  After reaching Makkah Holy Prophet (SAW) performed Umrah.
 Then Holy Prophet (SAW) entered into Kabbah and remove
360 idols placed by the Non-Muslims of Makkah.
 During the demolition, he was reciting “Truth has come and
falsehood removed and falsehood should be removed ”
 Then he called the Makkan people. In front of him, those who
have done many mistakes.
Prophet (SAW) asked: what do you expect from me ?
When everybody lowered his head with shame then he said:
“May Allah pardon you, you are free today and there is
no Burden on you today”.
 Without leaving a single soldier in conquered city , he return
back to Madinah and the conquest of Makkah was completed.
 Total Casualties in the conquest of Makkah was only 15 ( 2
Muslims and 13 Non-muslims) so for this called Great
victory without bloodshed . It was only possible by the
peaceful planning, given instructions and strategy of
last prophet SAW.
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 The Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat-ul-Wadaa')

 Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam. It was made

obligatory in the tenth year, after the Hijrah.

 In 10th hijrah, Holy Prophet (SAW) performed his first

and last hajj.
 At the place of Arafat, he delivered his famous address
(speech) which is know as Khutba-hajjatul-wida in
Islamic history.
 He delivered his message in front of one lack twenty
four thousand companions and he mounted on his
camel Qaswa.
 This sermon is the last speech of Holy Prophet (SAW)
which is the conclusion and summary of his whole
teaching.
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 Khutbatu Hajjatii-Wadaa'(the Farewell Address)
 IAllah's Messenger started by praising Allah and thanking Him.
Then, turning to his audience, he added:
'0 people! Listen to my words, for I do not know if I am ever
going to meet you on such an occasion after this year.
 'Your blood, your property and your honour are as
sacred as this day, this month and this city.
 'Behold! All practices of paganism and the Days of
Ignorance are remitted. The first claim on blood I abolish is
that of Ibn Rabee'ah ibn Haarith who was being nursed in the
tribe of Sa'd and whom Hudhayl killed.
 Usury is forbidden and I make a beginning by remitting
the amount of interest which al-Abbaas ibn al-M uttalib has to
receive.
 '0 people! Fear Allah concerning women. Indeed you
have taken them on the security of Allah and have made them
lawful to you by the word of Allah. . .

29 'I ndeed, I have left among you the Book of Allah, if you
hold fast to it, you will never go astray.'
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