Change management (CM) is a discipline that focuses on managing changes within
an organization. Change management involves implementing approaches to prepare
and support individuals, teams, and leaders in making organizational change.
Change management is useful when organizations are considering major changes
such as restructure, redirecting or redefining resources, updating or refining business
process and systems, or introducing or updating digital technology.
Organizational change management (OCM) considers the full organization and
what needs to change,[1] while change management may be used solely to refer to
how people and teams are affected by such organizational transition. It deals with
many different disciplines, from behavioral and social sciences to information
technology and business solutions.
As change management becomes more necessary in the business cycle of
organizations, it is beginning to be taught as its own academic discipline at
universities.[2] There are a growing number of universities with research units
dedicated to the study of organizational change. One common type of organizational
change may be aimed at reducing outgoing costs while maintaining financial
performance, in an attempt to secure future profit margins.
In a project management context, the term "change management" may be used as
an alternative to change control processes wherein formal or informal changes to a
project are formally introduced and approved.[3][4]
Drivers of change may include the ongoing evolution of technology, internal reviews
of processes, crisis response, customer demand changes, competitive pressure,
modifications in legislation, acquisitions and mergers, and organizational
restructuring