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Lesson 3 - Introduction to ML

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10 views

Lesson 3 - Introduction to ML

Uploaded by

Quỳnh Hương Đỗ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BUI NGOC DUNG
Information (if available)

CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE LEARNING


WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING?
WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING?
Definition by Tom Mitchell in 1998:
Machine Learning is the study of algorithms that:
❑ Improve their performance 𝑷
❑ At some task 𝑻
❑ With experience 𝑬
A well-defined learning task is given by < 𝑷, 𝑻, 𝑬 >
WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING?
TYPES OF MACHINE LEARNING
SUPERVISED LEARNING
❑ Supervised learning is the types of machine learning in which machines are trained using labelled training
data, and on basis of that data, machines predict the output.
❑ The aim of a supervised learning algorithm is to find a mapping function to map the input variable (𝒙) with
the output variable (𝒚).
SUPERVISED LEARNING
Supervised learning can be separated into two types of problems:
❑ Classification algorithms are used to predict/classify the discrete values such as Male or Female, True or
False, Spam or Not Spam, etc.
❑ Regression algorithms are used to predict the continuous values such as price, salary, age, etc.
UNSUPERVISED LEARNING
❑ Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning in which models are trained using unlabeled dataset
and are allowed to act on that data without any supervision.
❑ The aim of an unsupervised algorithm is to find the underlying structure of dataset, group that data
according to similarities, and represent that dataset in a compressed format.
UNSUPERVISED LEARNING
Unsupervised learning can be separated into three types of problems:
❑ Clustering methods involve grouping untagged data based on their similarities and differences.
❑ Association rule is a method which is used for finding the relationships between features in the given
dataset.
❑ Dimensionality reduction algorithms seek to transform data from high-dimensional spaces to low-
dimensional spaces without compromising meaningful properties in the original data.
SEMI-SUPERVISED LEARNING
❑ Semi-supervised learning is a machine learning technique that uses a small portion of labeled data and
lots of unlabeled data to train a predictive model.
❑ It is used to overcome the drawbacks of supervised learning and unsupervised learning algorithms.
REINFORCEMENT LEARNING
❑ Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning technique where a computer agent learns to
perform a task through repeated trial and error interactions with a dynamic environment.
❑ It aims for the agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the "reward function" or other user-provided
reinforcement signal that accumulates from the immediate rewards.
WHAT MACHINE LEARNING CAN AND CANNOT DO
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Learning Capability Data Acquisition

Automation High Chances of Error

Pattern Identification Time – consuming

Variety of Applications Expensive


HOW TO CHOOSE A MACHINE LEARNING PROJECT
1. Know your goals
Before you start working on any ML project, you need to have a clear idea of what you want to achieve
with it. our goals will help you narrow down your options and focus on the projects that matter to you.
2. Choose your data sources
The quality and quantity of your data will determine the success of your ML project. You need to find data
sources that are relevant, reliable, and accessible for your project.
3. Pick your tools and methods
You should base your choice on the type, size, and complexity of your data, as well as your goals and
expectations.
4. Document and present your work
You need to explain your problem statement, data sources, data cleaning and exploration, model
selection and evaluation, and results and insights.
5. Get feedback and improve
You should seek feedback from your peers, mentors, or potential employers on your ML project and use it
to refine your work and skills.
TECHNICAL TOOLS FOR MACHINE LEARNING
THANK YOU
INFORMATION (IF AVAILABLE)
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