Church Fathers and Doctors Supported The Faith and The Christian Communities

CHURCH FATHERS AND
DOCTORS SUPPORTED THE

FAITH AND THE CHRISTIAN
COMMUNITIES
CHARMAINE PENADOS
1
Contents
Covenant
2 Apologist
3 Church
Councils
Covenant
Let me walk with you as we journey through
this life. Searching for its meaning as each
moment passes by. Let the hands of time be
like footprints in the sand, as I carry you
from the dawn to the setting sun.
Refrain: With just one hand, we can travel
far together. One’s life sharing in love. I
will hold you forever. Yes, I love you with
all my life.
Covenant
There’ll be many crossroads as we walk
along the way. There’ll be many
questions, as we life life day by day. But
this will never matter if you’ll always be
there, we’ll surely find the answer cause
we care.
APOLOGIST
someone who defends their
strong beliefs. Such
examples include Christian
apologist, Islam apologist,
Green movement apologist. Irenaeus Saint Justin
Martyr
Ireneaus and Saint Justin were opposed
the teachings of the Gnotics who
believed that all material things,
including human bodies were evil.
Claiming that they have special divine
spark within them Jesus Christ is not
needed for their salvation.
There were other names other than the two
mentioned:
1. Saint Agustine
2.Jerome
3. Ambose
4. John Chrysostom
5. Gregory of Nazianzus
6. Gregory of Nyssa
Their writings and sermons opened the mind of the
people who heard and they made them treasure the
bible. They nourished Christian devotion,
courageously spoke out against those lay-folk and
clerics who were living scandalous lives.
By their own example of love for all, of deep faith as

we know it today, in its doctrines, in its
commandments and morals, in its sacraments, its
liturgy leading us to live Christ in its devotions to
saints, among these, to Mary, the Mother of God in
particular.
The teaching of the Church Councils a Response to
the Heresies. Sources tell us that Counsils are great
assemblies of Bishops representing the whole
church. The bishops gather themselves to discuss
serious problems brought by heretics. The following
are the different councils and their puposes:
1. The Ecumenical council

2. The Council of Nicaea I in 325
3. The Council of Constantinople I in 381
4. The Council of Ephesus in 341
5. The Council of Chalcedon in 451
6. The Council Constantinople II in 553
7. The Council of Constatinople III in 680
8. The Council of Nicaea II in 787
A.D. stands for the Latin phrase "anno domini", which means
in the year of our Lord.
THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA I IN 325
Heresy was known as arianism from the egptian priest arias who believed that Jesus
was the first great creature better than the angels, But not equal to the Father,
someone who's not omniscient, omnipresent that he's different from the father.
According to the Orthodox teaching, the son of God, Jesus the true God, the same
substance(nature) as the God the Father (St. Athanasius)
The council created the Nicene Creed - as homousios or same substance. It can be
found in the nicene creed the word, "Consubstantial" or one in being
The nicene creed was made at the time for those people who doubted God that Jesus
truly is God.
THE COUNCIL OF
CONSTANTINOPLE I IN 381
Heresy:
Macedonianism (same as arianism)- Holy Spirit is a creature
similar to God, but not equal to God
Orthodox Teaching: The Holy Spitit is God "Who with the Father
and the Son is adored and glorified" St. Basil the Great
(Nicene creed)
That only God is adorable and deserves worship
THE COUNCIL OF EPHESUS IN 341
Heresy: Nestorianism- Christ is a union of two persons the divine Son and
the Human Jesus- Mary only the mother of Jesus the Human
(Christokos-christ bearer). Nestorius was the Bishop of Constantinople
and taught that christ is only the human being
Orthodox teaching: Jesus is one divine person with two natures, human
and divine. The Hypostatic Union- Jesus' two natures are inseparable,
even in Mary's womb, so Mary is Theotokos "God-bearer"
Mary can be called as theotokos or mother of God but she is not a

goddess as she was not the one who created God' divinity but as she
gave burth to God. Feast day of Mary Mother of God in the East is Dec.
26th and in the west is Jan 1st
THE COUNCIL OF CHALCEDON IN 451
Heresy: Monophyditism: Christ as one person with only a Divine nature

that even at one point that God was born and concieved as a human
being, it meant that even if he was divine, he is still human and and
means that divity that he had has changed because of it, that he was
human.
Orthodox teaching: reaffirmed that Jesus is one Divine Person with two
Natures, 100% Human, 100% divine.
Tome of Leo the Great (a letter thar pope leo the great wrote and sent to
the council explaining the hypostatic union=Jesus is one divine person
with two nature (human + divine)
THE COUNCIL CONSTANTINOPLE II IN
553
Orthodox teaching: Reaffirmed Church teaching on the Trinity and

incarnation. The Holy trinity that there are three divine persons in one
divine nature.
THE COUNCIL OF CONSTATINOPLE III IN 680
Heresy: monothelitism-denied that Jesus had a human will.
That we have our free will to choose good or evil or follow God and
Jesus wa spart human so he had free will.
Orthodox teaching: Jesus, having two natures, Divine and

Human- the Human will, although separate, submits all thngs to
his divine will.
THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA II
IN 787
Heresy: Iconoclasm-considered veneration of saints, images, relics
idolatrous, "Image-breakers"
People took an aversion to these sacred works of art and started

committing misuse or violation against them
Where people wold go into churches during the Byzantine Empire and
destroy the icons of the Blessed Virgin Mary or any saint or Christ and
they would destroy it as the king they had was against any image of a
saint which was know as iconoclasm heresy
Where people invade churches and vandalizing and destroying
churches.
Orthodox teaching: worship is due to God alone, but we can venerate

saints, relics, and sacred images.
The same as the jews had devotion in the old testament saints like
abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
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CHURCH FATHERS AND

DOCTORS SUPPORTED THE

By their own example of love for all, of deep faith as

1. The Ecumenical council

Mary can be called as theotokos or mother of God but she is not a

Heresy: Monophyditism: Christ as one person with only a Divine nature

Orthodox teaching: Reaffirmed Church teaching on the Trinity and

Heresy: monothelitism-denied that Jesus had a human will.

Orthodox teaching: Jesus, having two natures, Divine and

People took an aversion to these sacred works of art and started

Orthodox teaching: worship is due to God alone, but we can venerate

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