REINFORCED CONCRETE

SLAB DESIGN
HELLO!
I am Oh Chai Lian
I am one of your ECC584
instructor
You can find me at
[email protected]
0173308787
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 LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
◈ Classify types of RC slab (CO1-PO1)
◈ Identify permanent and variable actions on RC slab
(CO1-PO1)
◈ Understand the procedures for Design RC Slab by
using Eurocode (CO2-PO3)
◈ Understand the guideline to Detail RC Slabs (CO2-PO3)

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1.
Types of RC Slab
Simply Supported? Restrained? One-Way? Two-Way?

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Applications of Slab 5
Plan of two-way spanning slab (Ly/Lx≤2) 6
Moments in two-way restrained slab 7
2.
Actions for RC Slab
Permanent Actions and Variable Actions

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 Permanent Actions
Gk?

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PERMANENT ACTIONS

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UNIT WEIGHTS OF VARIOUS BUILDING MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS kN/m³

Aluminium 24
Bricks 22
Concrete 24
Concrete blocks (lightweight) 12
Concrete block (dense) 22
Glass fibre composite 18
Steel 70
Timber 6
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 UNIT WEIGHTS OF VARIOUS SHEET MATERIALS
SHEETS MATERIALS kN/m²
Acoustic ceiling tiles 0.1
Asphalt (19 mm thick) 0.45
Aluminium roof sheeting 0.04
Glass (single glazing) 0.1
Plaster (per face of wall) 0.3
Plasterboard and skim 0.15
Rafters,battens and felt 0.14
Sand/cement screed (25mm thick) 0.6
Slates (tiles) 0.6
Steel roof sheeting 0.15 13
Timber floorboards 0.15
Vinyl tiles 0.05
Examples of permanent action on slab
◈ Selfweight of slab (Compulsory)
◈ Finishes and services (Frequently)
◈ Brickwalls (Sometimes)
◈ Water & Soil (Rare)

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 Variable Actions
Architects Elements Vs Civil Engineers Elements

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VARIABLE ACTIONS

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3a.
Analysis of RC Slab
Ultimate Limit State & Serviceability Limit State

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Bending moment coefficients for rectangular panels supported on four sides with provision for
torsion at corners (FOR CONTINUOUS 2 WAY SLAB) – TABLE 3.14
Msx = sxnlx 2

Msy = synlx2

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 A B C D E F
1200 3200 1200 2900 2500
Ly/Lx=?
1

3600

1500
1000
2
1000

4300

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3b.
Design of RC Slab
Ultimate Limit State & Serviceability Limit State

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 DESIGN
FLOWCHART OF
MAIN
REINFORCEMENT

K= M/bd2fck

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 DESIGN
FLOWCHART OF
MAIN
REINFORCEMENT
(cont)
K<0.167,
As=M/0.87fykz
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 SHEAR
Shear stresses in slabs are generally small.

Design shall ensure the design ultimate shear force is less

than the shear strength of unreinforced section, VRd,c

VRd,c = 0.12k(1001fck)1/3]bwd k = [1-(200/d)0.5  2.0

 = [As/bwd]  0.02

With a minimum value

[0.035k3/2fck1/2]bwd 29
 DEFLECTION
EN 1992-1-1: Sec. 7.4

EC 2 has two alternative methods for checking deflection, either

a limiting span-to-depth ratio or the theoretical deflection
calculation. The span-to- depth ratio should ensure that
deflection is limited to span/250.

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LIMITING SPAN TO DEPTH RATIO

Asreq/bd
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As’req/bd
4.
Detail of RC Slab
(Cl. 9.3, EC 2)
Reinforcement percentages, spacing of reinforcement,
anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement, crack control

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4.1. Reinforcement areas (Cl.9.3.1.1)
In EC 2, the maximum and minimum percentages of
longitudinal steel permitted in beams and slabs are the same:

As,max ≤ 0.04Ac
where
bt breadth of section of tension zone
d effective depth
Ac cross-sectional area of concrete (bh)
fyk characteristic yield stress of reinforcement
fctm should be determined with respect to the relevant strength class according to Table 3.1.
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Part of Table 3.1 EN2

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 4.1. Reinforcement areas con’t

In one way slab, the area of transverse or secondary

reinforcement should not generally be less than 20 per cent
of the principal reinforcement, i.e.:

As (trans) ≥ 0.2 × As (main)

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4.2. Spacing of reinforcement (Cl.9.3.1.1)
The clear distance between reinforcing bar should not be less
than the following:

(a) maximum bar diameter

(b) 20 mm
(c) dg + 5 mm

where dg is the maximum aggregate size.

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4.2. Spacing of reinforcement (Cl 9.3.1)
The maximum bar spacing in slabs, smax,
for the main reinforcement should not exceed the following:
smax = 3h ≤ 400 mm generally and
2h ≤ 250 mm in areas of maximum moment

for the secondary reinforcement should not exceed the following:

smax = 3.5h ≤ 450 mm generally and
3h ≤ 400 mm in areas of maximum moment

where h denotes the overall depth of the slab.

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4.3. Anchorage and curtailment (Cl.9.3.1.2)
where end supports are simply supported, 50 per cent of the
calculated span reinforcement should continue up to the support
and be anchored to resist a force, FE, given by

FE = |VEd|.a1/z + NEd

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4.3. Anchorage and curtailment cont

Simplified curtailment rules for

slabs
(a) Simple support
(b) Continuous member.
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 4.4. Crack Width (Cl.7.3.3)
(1) No further measures to control cracking
when the overall depth of the slab does not
exceed 200 mm, with the provisions of 9.3 have
been applied.

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 4.4. Crack Width con’t
(2) where at least the Asmin has been provided, crack widths are unlikely to be excessive
Table 7.2N & 7.3N

where
fyk = 500 N mm−2
γs = 1.15
m quasi-permanent load (= gk + Ψ2qk)
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n design ultimate load (= γGgk + γQqk)
As,req area of steel required
As,prov area of steel provided
THANKS!
Any questions?

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 Learning activities Week 2
◈Draw slab load distribution, symbols one-way, 2way
◈Select each member 1 slab 1way, 1 slab 2 way
◈How to get design load (Gk, Qk)
◈What are the reinforcing bar (bar R 250MPa), concrete grade,
concrete cover
◈Submission – one detailing of slab, structural key plan (indicate
location), Reinforcing bars details (From design)
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Staircase Design

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 LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
◈ Understand terminology of staircase (CO1-PO1)
◈ Understand the staircase from UBBL (CO1-PO1)
◈ Design RC Staircase by using Eurocode (CO2-PO3)
◈ Understand the guideline to Detail RC Slabs (CO2-PO3)

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Terminology

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Straight Flight Staircase Straight two-flight stair with half-landing

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Quarter-turn stair with landing Dogleg stair with half-landing

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Quarter-turn stair with winders Spiral stair with central column

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Circular stair with central well

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Mistakes in Design
 2.0 m headroom
Landing

Handrail

Pitch line

Landing
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No projection, other than handrails, is allowed in a staircase within a height of 2.0 m
from the landing or pitch line.
900mm

900mm

900mm

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The width of every staircase shall not be less than 900 mm
The width is measured from the inner side of the wall,
balustrade or handrail.
 Riser
max 175mm

Tread
min 250mm

The height of a riser shall not be more than 175 mm. 55

The width of a tread shall not be less than 250 mm

The risers and treads within each flight of stairs shall be of uniform height and size.
 min 900mm
A landing shall be provided at every floor level
and door opening.

An intermediate landing shall be provided in

between floor levels at intervals of not more
than 18 risers.

The length of any intermediate landing,

measured in the direction
min 900mm of travel, shall not be less than 900 mm.
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Form

Feature Staircase at Lobby, New Majestic Hotel, Singapore

Material

Feature Staircase, Longchamp Retail Store in New York City

Detailing

Hanging Staircase, Apple Store, Beijing

Lighting

Staircase, Stadium Circle Line MRT Station

Staircase Design

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