Forms and Functions of

Social Organization
Understanding Society,
Culture, and Politics
Grade 11/12
Learning Competency: Analyze the forms and functions of social organization.
First Quarter, Week 6

The picture was taken by the developer during the group’s third tree planting
activity at Cruz, La Trinidad, Benguet in February 2015.

JOANABELLE G. MORALES
Developer

Department of Education. Schools Division of Benguet.

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BENGUET
Wangal, La Trinidad, Benguet

Published by:
Learning Resource Management and Development System

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2020

Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:

“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”

This material has been developed for the implementation of K to 12 Curriculum

through the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID) – Learning Resource Management
and Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and the
source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited version,
an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original work is
acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from this material for
commercial purposes and profit.

2
 What I Need to Know

Joining groups is a part of human existence to fulfill one’s sense of belongingness.

Group size is important, as is the otherwise simple distinction between dyads and triads.
Primary groups form the basic building blocks of social interaction in society (Sociology
Guide). Without groups or social organizations, people would not be able to interact and learn
from each other.

People are aware of many different organizations existing in our society. However,
many take it for granted that they exist solely for the benefit of the organization and specific
groups of people. In this module, we will learn the forms and functions of social
organizations as well as the importance of their existence.

The learners who will use this module must read every part from the beginning.
Instructions are given before each activity. The activities must be answered following the
sequence so that the content of the lesson will be fully grasped.

The competency in this module is adapted from the Most Essential Learning
Competencies. This competency is under week six (6).

The following are the learning objectives:

1. Identify the forms and functions of social organization.
2. Recognize the importance of social organizations.
3. Assess the roles of social organization in maintaining stability.

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 What I Know
Pre-assessment:

We have heard much about social organizations with different missions and visions.
Some of their activities are transparent. We can see them in news reports from television and
in newspapers or magazines. What is not known to many is the forms and functions of social
organizations. One thing we need to know about social organizations is their importance in
society and how they help develop an individual’s personality.

In this section, we will have to check how much you know about the lesson that you
will take. Do not be anxious about getting a low score because we will go through the lesson
after answering the activity below. Read the direction carefully before answering the activity.

TRUE OR FALSE
Direction: Color the smiley face under the true box if the statement is true. If the statement is
false, color the smiley face under the false box. Use yellow to shade the smiley face.
You may use a pencil if you do not have a yellow crayon.

statements true false

1. A network is a web of social ties that links people who identify and
interact little with one another.
2. A secondary group is a small, intimate, and less specialized group
whose members engage in face-to-face and emotion-based interactions over
an extended time.
3. Not all groups produce positive consequence and benefits for their
members.
4. A fraternity is an exclusive all-female student organization while
sorority is an exclusive all-male student organization.
5. An out-group is a group to which one belongs and with which one
feels a sense of identity.
6. Among the most significant and influential social groups for an
individual are his or her reference group.
7. One can instantly map his or her social network through his or her
accounts in the online platforms of communications.
8. It is not customary in Filipino culture to nurture primary
relationships on both sides of the family.
9. Throughout an individual’s lifetime, he or she will only one set of
primary and secondary group.
10. A reference group is a group to which an individual compares
himself or herself.
11. An individual doesn’t need to engage in face-to-face interaction
with his or her reference group.
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12. How people interact within their established social group and with other
groups in society is often simple affair, requiring individuals to
situate themselves in a simple web of relationships.
13. A formal organization has been commonly defined to be a large
social group that is deliberately and rationally formed to achieve specific
objectives.
14. The informal organization is the network of connections and channels of
communication based on the informal relationships of
individuals inside the organization.
15. An inclusive group does not open its door to all interested
individuals or solicit membership.

Note: If you have perfected your Pre-assessment, congratulations. However, you

are encouraged to continue with the module for deeper understanding. If your score
is 50 to 99%, don’t be discouraged because this module will help you discover the
concepts and details about the lesson. Enjoy your learning journey.

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 What’s In
Let’s review your previous lesson:

All known societies are organized in ways that facilitate and maintain the
everyday life and culture of different social groups. This means that the morality made up of
norms, mores, and folkways that people adhere are part of an organized system of “ways of
doing and mixing” and are ways of living in a world where each individual needs to mix with
other people. In other words, there are rules, unwritten or written, that guide people’s ways
of socializing (Lanuza,2016, 136). People do not simply socialize because there are things we
need to observe and consider.

The development of the individual as a member of society is greatly influenced

by the context of his or her respective society, and the social group that he or she interacts
with (Atienza, 2016, 33). The famous quote, “No man is an island,” speaks for the need of
humans to live with other people for his or her development- mentally, spiritually,
emotionally, and physically.

Can you imagine yourself living alone with no one to interact with? We can
live alone for few weeks and months but we would definitely be devastated because there is
no one to talk with. What are the reasons why we should become a member of society? Let us
review your previous lesson which is connected to the lesson that you are going to take this
week. As a review, you are asked to answer the activity below.

MATCHING TYPE
Direction: Match columns A to B. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided
before the number. Column A describes B.

answers A B
1. Through the participation of persons in the a. Enhancement of individual’s
activities of a community, they come to learn capacity
and acquire the practices and
traditions of their community.
2. It is the process whereby individuals b. Fulfillment of basic needs
learn a group’s culture, through
experience, observation, and instruction.
3. It is the gradual acquisition of the c. Personality development and
characteristics and norms of a culture or group productivity
by a person, another culture, etc.
4. Society can provide opportunities for the d. Transmission of culture
people to create and produce for their
good and come up with inventions to
meet their basic needs.

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 5. It is also known as individuation, is the e. Social order and achievement of
development of the distinct personality of an collective aims.
individual
6. Societies aim to is to establish peace f. socialization
and order.
7. Through one’s membership the individual’s g. enculturation
potentials are shaped and enhanced
through different social
activities.
8. It is the way a group of people within a h. social interaction
society or culture tend to learn and pass
on information.
9. A person who is alone cannot satisfactorily i. cultural transmission
provide for himself/ herself the basic needs
for shelter, clothes, food,
and security.
10. It is a continuing process whereby an j. Identity formation
individual requires personal identity and
learns the norms, values, behavior, and social
skills appropriate to his or her
social position.

What’s New

To be human is to be social. To be social is to live in society. But what is in society

that makes an infant fulfill being human? Becoming part of a group may be painful. It is in
your membership in the group that your identity is formed. Moreover, social interaction that
humans need for survival is only possible in a group (Aguilar, 2016, 68).You share certain
similarities with your classmates, just like individual members of society have commonalities
with other members. These similarities could be the initial basis for individuals to be drawn
together and interact more closely. These similarities could also be the basis for the
establishment of deeper and more meaningful relationships (Atienza, 2016, 56).

You have learned the reasons why we should become a member of a

society/organization. Every organization has their own function in a society. The decision lies
in us as to what organization we should be part in. Whatever the size of the group, members
learn from it.What is life without people around you? Some may answer, “It can be fun.”
However, I want you to imagine being alone for a long time.

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Now, you are given activities below so that you can visualize how it is to be alone and
being with other people. Read the direction carefully before answering.
TO BE ALONE OR TO BE WITH OTHERS
Direction:

1. Draw a person living alone on an island or mountain for a long time. Around the drawing,
write at least five (5) adjectives to describe the person. It may be adjectives to describe how
he or she feels and how she or he looks like.

2. Draw a person living with other people. Write at least five (5) adjectives to describe how
may the person feel interacting with others. If you have negative adjectives, explain how
the emotion helps in the individual’s personality.

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3. Let’s do a science activity! Draw a plant that is well-sustained with water and sunlight. In
the second box, draw an unwatered plant and is under the sun for a long time. Relate this
drawing with our topic about social organization and interaction.

What It Is
Let’s talk it over!
If one defines society as “organization of groups that is relatively self- constraint,”
then the next question is how societies manage to exist and persist across time and space. The
problem of explaining how societies manage to exist over a long period of time is called
reproduction by the French philosopher and sociologist, Louis Althusser. No society can
endure over time if it does not support its very own reproduction. To do this, all societies
require the creation of institutions to perpetuate the existence of societies (Lanuza, 31, 2016).
The ancient philosopher Plato believed that man is a social animal. This means human
beings are naturally equipped with tools such as language and reason that enable them to
engage others in meaningful interaction. This desire and ability to interact is seen in various
ways. People spend a great deal of their time with various groups (Atienza, 56, 2016).

SOCIAL GROUP is a collection of individuals who have relations with one another that
make them interdependent to some significant degree.

PRIMARY GROUP is a small, intimate, and less specialized group whose members engage
in face-to-face and emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. The
interdependence among members of a primary group is characterized by a deep and profound
relationship with each other.Examples of primary group include the family, close friends,
work-related peers, classmates and church groups.

SECONDARY GROUPS, in contrast, are larger, less intimate, and more specialized groups
where members engage in an impersonal and objective-oriented relationship

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for a limited time.Unlike primary groups, the level of interaction and interdependence within
secondary groups is not deep and significant.
An IN-GROUP is a group to which one belongs and with which one feels a sense of identity.
An OUT-GROUP, meanwhile, is a group to which one does not belong and to which he or
she may feel a sense of competitiveness or hostility.

For every individual, distinguishing between his or her in-groups and out- groups is
essential in developing his or her identity and self-worth. One usually treats members of his
or her in-group more favorable than those of his or her out-group (Atienza, 60, 2016).

A REFERENCE GROUP is a group to which an individual compares himself or herself. Such

groups strongly influence an individual’s behavior and social attitudes whether he or she is a
member of these groups. Examples of reference groups include an individual’s primary group
or his/her in-groups. Individuals often identify with and emulate the traits of people they feel
closest to.

A NETWORK refers to the structure of relationships between social actors or groups. These
are interconnections, ties, and linkage between people, their groups, and larger social
institutions to which they all belong to. In the age of internet, a good example of networks are
those provided by social media platforms such as facebook, twitter, or instagram.

A group is INCLUSIVE when it opens its doors to all interested individuals and solicits
members while a group is EXCLUSIVE when it sets special qualification for membership
other than a sharing of interests and they limit membership to certain classes of individuals.

Some of the major functions performed by an institution are as follows (Mondal):

1. Emotional Needs-For satisfaction of needs like love, affection, hunger, fear, self-
preservation, self-gratification, and fear of the supernatural.
2. Familial Needs- Establishes the institution of marriage and family for the
continuation of human species thru structured means.
3. Religious Needs- Deals with man’s inherent fear of the supernatural. It deals with
this fear thru religious prayers and offerings.
4. Political Needs-Deals with the basic necessities of governing large group of people
thru formalized means of government and laws.

Note that:
1. Institutions are important means, by which social behavior can be regulated and
controlled.
2. Institutions are instrumental in transmitting culture from one generation to another.

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3. Institutions unite people and groups. They maintain unity and harmony in society by
providing unified patterns of behavior that is followed by all members despite diversities.
4. Institutions provide status to every individual. For instance, the status of
married/unmarried, status of son/daughter or sibling, economic status and so on can come
under this.
5. Not all the functions of institutions are positive. Certain aspects of institutions have a
negative impact on the functioning of society. For example, the institution of religion has
led to religious fundamentalism, besides reinforcing religious identities, that has resulted
in conflicts and communalism.

What’s More
Activity 1
CHECK (/) OR MARK IT WRONG (X)
Direction: Draw check (/) on the space provided before the number if the statement is true.
If false, mark it wrong (X).

1. All institutions are positive.

2. All people must marry to organizations to continue.
3. A group is inclusive when it requires qualifications to individuals who wish to join.
4. Our family can be our reference group.
5. Facebook is an example of a network.
6. Groups on Facebook can be made exclusive.
7. We feel that we belong in out-groups.
8. Your classmates and church members are your secondary group since family
is the only primary group we have.
9. All people want to belong in a group.
10. Institutions/organizations are instruments in transmitting culture.
11. We cannot communicate without language.
12. All human beings need love.
13. Groups are a fact of human existence.
14. According to Plato, man is a social animal.
15. Not all organizations formed live on.

Assessment 1
MY SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
Direction: Write at least five (5) social organizations that you are part of. In the second
column, write your role in that organization. In the third column, write your task/s
as part of the group. Read and review the given sample below.

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 Riverside Barter Group member As a member, I need to update myself with a
new set of guidelines in bartering. If a
member is violating the rule, then I need to
report it to the administrators. I sometimes
check the items for barter if I
need them.
Chuchungan Volunteers, Inc. member When the group needs my service, and I
am available, I would gladly help them
with the tasks we need to finish.

Social Organization Role Task/s

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Activity 2
WRITING A LETTER
Direction: Write an informal/formal letter to any member (e.g. a family member, president of
a club, barangay official, etc.) of one of the social organizations you belong to. In
your letter, suggest ways to make the group better and why it is important to do
so. You may refer to the given example below.

October 27, 2020

My Dear Valor,
I will be very busy for several weeks and I want you to do me a favor. Please
help with the chores at home. I will be posting a schedule on who would do the dishes,
sweep the floor, clean the comfort room and cook meals. You are a grown-up and I expect
you to cooperate. One more thing, please check your sisters from time to time. They need
more understanding and care especially when they throw tantrums. Please be kind to your
sisters. When you don’t shout at them, the more that they would listen to you. Our home
would be a little messy if you

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follow the things I mentioned. Have fun with your sisters.
I Love You, Momster

Write your letter on a sheet of paper.

Assessment 2
GIVING EXAMPLES
Direction: Write an example of a social organization for each of the forms below. Then, write
a simple description of the group. Please complete the boxes below. One (1) point
for each of the social organizations and two (2) points for each of the descriptions.

Forms Social Organization Description

1. Inclusive

2. Exclusive

3. Secondary

4. Reference

5. In-group

Activity 3
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES: GROUPS IN FACEBOOK
Direction: Identify five (5) advantages and five (5) disadvantages of being a part of group/s in
Facebook. Please complete the boxes below. One (1) point for each of the
advantages that you would write and two (2) points for each of the disadvantages.

Advantages Disadvantages

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Assessment 3
GIVING EXAMPLES

Direction: Write an example of a social organization for each of the forms below. Then, write
a simple description about the group. Please complete the boxes below.One (1)
point for each of the social organization and two (2) points for each description.

Forms Social Organization Description

1. Inclusive

2. Exclusive

3. Secondary

4. Reference

5. In-group

What I Have Learned

To sum up what you have learned from this lesson, please answer the questions below
in no less than five sentences. You may give examples to further your explanation. Please do
not copy definitions from the lesson. Answer the questions in your simple sentences.

1. What are the forms and functions of social organization?

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 2. Why are social organizations important?

3. How can social organizations help maintain stability?

What I Can Do
PROMOTE A HEALTHY ORGANIZATION:SLOGAN MAKING
Direction: Create a short and easily remembered phrase about being in an active social
organization or why social organizations are essential to human existence.

RUBRIC for slogan making

Craftmanship 4 3 2 1 Score
The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive and acceptably distractingly
attractive and neat attractive though messy.
neat it may
be a bit messy
Creativity 4 3 2 1
The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan
exceptionally creative and a creative and does not
creative. A lot of good amount of some amount of reflect any
thought and effort thought was thought was put degree of
was used. put into into creativity.
decorating it. decorating it.
Originality 4 3 2 1
Exceptional use Good use of new Average use of No use of new
of new words and words and new words and words and
originality originality to originality to originality to
to create the create the create the create the
slogan slogan slogan slogan

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Grammar 3 2 1
There are no There is 1 There are 2 or
grammatical grammatical more grammatical
mistakes on the error in the errors in the
slogan. slogan. slogan.

TOTAL

Post Assessment
FILL IN THE BLANKS.
Direction: Write the correct word or phrase in the blank provided in each number.
1. A group is inclusive when to all interested individuals
and solicits members.
2. Institutions are instrumental in culture from one generation to
another.
3. Primary group is a small, intimate, and less specialized group whose members engage
in and emotion-based interactions
over an extended period of time.
4. Institutions maintain unity and harmony in society by providing unified patterns of
behavior that is followed by all members despite .
5. The ancient philosopher believed that man is a
social animal.
6. Groups are a fact of and permeate virtually every
facet of our lives.
7. All known societies are organized in ways that facilitate and maintain the
and culture of different social groups.
8. Social group is a collection of individuals who have relations with one another that
make them to some significant degree.
9. It is customary in Filipino culture to nurture on both
sides of the family.
10. Not all groups produce positive consequence and for
their members.
11. To be is to be social. To be social is to live in society.
12. Human beings are naturally equipped with tools such as
that enable them to engage others in meaningful
interaction.
13. Institutions provide to every individual.
14. In the age of internet, a good example of are those
provided by social media platforms such as facebook, twitter, or instagram.
15. One usually treats members of his or her in-group
than those of his or her out-group.

Additional Activities
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17
DOING A LITTLE RESEARCH
Direction:Write a social organization for each of the numbers below. In the second column,
write the features of that social organization you listed. In describing the group,
you may include details such as historical background, mission and vision, the
founder/ head, and the like.
Form Social Organization Features
1. Exclusive

2. Inclusive

3. Secondary

4. Network

5. In-group

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 15.
14.
13.

1
9.
I 8.
7.
6.
5.
4.
3.
2.
I 1.
t
W

A
1.X 4./ 13/ 12. / 1 10./ 8.X 7 6./ 5./ 4./ 3.X 1.X 2.X

W
19 A
10.f 9.b 8.i 7.h 6.e 4.c 5.j 2.a 3.g 1.d