Effect of Bleaching Agents on Composite Resins with and without Bis-GMA: An In Vitro Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Color Analysis
3.2. Qualitative Evaluation of Surface Roughness
3.3. Surface Microhardness Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Moraes, R.R.; Marimon, J.L.M.; Schneider, L.F.J.; Correr Sobrinho, L.; Camacho, G.B.; Bueno, M. Carbamide peroxide bleaching agents: Effects on surface roughness of enamel, composite and porcelain. Clin. Oral. Investig. 2006, 10, 23–28. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vieira, I.; Ferraz, L.N.; Vieira Junior, W.F.; Dias, C.T.D.S.; Lima, D.A.N.L. Effect of at-home bleaching gels with different thickeners on the physical properties of a composite resin without bisphenol A. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2022, 34, 969–977. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Torres, C.; Ribeiro, C.; Bresciani, E.; Borges, A. Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gels on Color, Opacity, and Fluorescence of Composite Resins. Oper. Dent. 2012, 37, 526–531. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fernandes, R.A.; Strazzi-Sahyon, H.B.; Suzuki, T.Y.U.; Briso, A.L.F.; Dos Santos, P.H. Effect of dental bleaching on the microhardness and surface roughness of sealed composite resins. Restor. Dent. Endod. 2020, 45, e12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lempel, E.; Lovász, B.V.; Meszarics, R.; Jeges, S.; Tóth, Á.; Szalma, J. Direct resin composite restorations for fractured maxillary teeth and diastema closure: A 7 years retrospective evaluation of survival and influencing factors. Dent. Mater. 2017, 33, 467–476. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Barszczewska-Rybarek, I.M.; Chrószcz, M.W.; Chladek, G. Novel Urethane-Dimethacrylate Monomers and Compositions for Use as Matrices in Dental Restorative Materials. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2644. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fleisch, A.F.; Sheffield, P.E.; Chinn, C.; Edelstein, B.L.; Landrigan, P.J. Bisphenol A and Related Compounds in Dental Materials. Pediatrics 2010, 126, 760–768. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Barszczewska-Rybarek, I.M. Structure–property relationships in dimethacrylate networks based on Bis-GMA, UDMA and TEGDMA. Dent. Mater. 2009, 25, 1082–1089. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Barszczewska-Rybarek, I.M. A Guide through the Dental Dimethacrylate Polymer Network Structural Characterization and Interpretation of Physico-Mechanical Properties. Materials 2019, 12, 4057. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Betrisey, E.; Krejci, I.; Di Bella, E.; Ardu, S. The influence of stratification on color and appearance of resin composites. Odontology 2016, 104, 176–183. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mikhail, S.S.; Schricker, S.R.; Azer, S.S.; Brantley, W.A.; Johnston, W.M. Optical characteristics of contemporary dental composite resin materials. J. Dent. 2013, 41, 771–778. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paravina, R.D.; Ghinea, R.; Herrera, L.J.; Bona, A.D.; Igiel, C.; Linninger, M.; Sakai, M.; Takahashi, H.; Tashkandi, E.; Mar Perez, M.D. Color Difference Thresholds in Dentistry. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2015, 27, S1–S9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Briso, A.L.F.; Rahal, V.; Azevedo, F.A.; Gallinari, M.D.O.; Gonçalves, R.S.; Frascino, S.M.B.; Santos, P.H.D.; Cintra, L.T.A. Neurosensory analysis of tooth sensitivity during at-home dental bleaching: A randomized clinical trial. J. Appl. Oral Sci. 2018, 26, e20170284. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Official Journal of the European Union, L 283, 29 October 2011. pp. 36–45. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/oj/direct-access.html (accessed on 24 January 2024).
- Maran, B.M.; Matos, T.P.; de Castro, A.D.S.; Vochikovski, L.; Amadori, A.L.; Loguercio, A.D.; Reis, A.; Berger, S.B. In-office bleaching with low/medium vs. high concentrate hydrogen peroxide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Dent. 2020, 103, 103499. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yu, H.; Li, Q.; Hussain, M.; Wang, Y. Effects of bleaching gels on the surface microhardness of tooth-colored restorative materials in situ. J. Dent. 2008, 36, 261–267. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Turker, Ş.B.; Biskin, T. Effect of three bleaching agents on the surface properties of three different esthetic restorative materials. J. Prosthet. Dent. 2003, 89, 466–473. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- ISO/TR 28642:2016; Dentistry-Guidance on Colour Measurement. ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2016.
- Polydorou, O.; Schmidt, O.C.; Spraul, M.; Vach, K.; Schulz, S.D.; König, A.; Hellwig, E.; Gminski, R. Detection of Bisphenol A in dental wastewater after grinding of dental resin composites. Dent. Mater. 2020, 36, 1009–1018. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- De Nys, S.; Duca, R.C.; Vervliet, P.; Covaci, A.; Boonen, I.; Elskens, M.; Vanoirbeek, J.; Godderis, L.; Van Meerbeek, B.; Van Landuyt, K.L. Bisphenol A as degradation product of monomers used in resin-based dental materials. Dent. Mater. 2021, 37, 1020–1029. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- 3M TM Filtek TM Universal Restorative FAQs. Available online: https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/mediawebserver?mwsId=SSSSSuUn_zu8l00xNxtZP82Unv70k17zHvu9lxtD7SSSSSS-- (accessed on 19 April 2024).
- Available online: https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1651107O/3m-filtek-universal-restorative-technical-product-profile.pdf (accessed on 19 April 2024).
- Karanasiou, C.; Dionysopoulos, D.; Naka, O.; Strakas, D.; Tolidis, K. Effects of tooth bleaching protocols assisted by Er,Cr: YSGG and diode (980 nm) lasers on color change of resin-based restoratives. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2021, 33, 1210–1220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mendes, A.P.K.F.; Barceleiro, M.O.; Reis, R.S.A.; Bonato, L.L.; Dias, K.R.H.C. Changes in surface roughness and color stability of two composites caused by different bleaching agents. Braz. Dent. J. 2012, 23, 659–666. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Villalta, P.; Lu, H.; Okte, Z.; Garcia-Godoy, F.; Powers, J.M. Effects of staining and bleaching on color change of dental composite resins. J. Prosthet. Dent. 2006, 95, 137–142. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yılmaz, M.N.; Gul, P. Susceptibility to discoloration of dental restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin after bleaching. Odontology 2023, 111, 376–386. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lago, M.; Mozzaquatro, L.R.; Rodrigues, C.; Kaizer, M.R.; Mallmann, A.; Jacques, L.B. Influence of Bleaching Agents on Color and Translucency of Aged Resin Composites. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2017, 29, 368–377. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mohammadi, N.; Kimyai, S.; Abed-Kahnamoii, M.; Ebrahimi-Chaharom, M.E.; Sadr, A.; Daneshi, M. Effect of 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel on color stability of giomer and microfilled composite resin: An in vitro comparison. Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal 2012, 17, e1082–e1088. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kayalidere, E.E.; Dorter, C. Effects of in-office bleaching agents on polished and unpolished nanofilled resin composite. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 2023, 154, 592–600. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Popescu, A.D.; Tuculina, M.J.; Diaconu, O.A.; Gheorghiță, L.M.; Nicolicescu, C.; Cumpătă, C.N.; Petcu, C.; Abdul-Razzak, J.; Rîcă, A.M.; Voinea-Georgescu, R. Effects of Dental Bleaching Agents on the Surface Roughness of Dental Restoration Materials. Medicina 2023, 59, 1067. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Al-Angari, S.S.; Eckert, G.J.; Sabrah, A.H.A. Color stability, Roughness, and Microhardness of Enamel and Composites Submitted to Staining/Bleaching Cycles. Saudi Dent. J. 2021, 33, 215–221. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Markovic, L.; Jordan, R.A.; Glasser, M.C.; Arnold, W.H.; Nebel, J.; Tillmann, W.; Ostermann, T.; Zimmer, S. Effects of bleaching agents on surface roughness of filling materials. Dent. Mater. J. 2014, 33, 59–63. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, L.; Francisconi, L.F.; Atta, M.T.; Dos Santos, J.R.; Del Padre, N.C.; Gonini-Júnior, A.; Fernandes, K.B.P. Effect of bleaching gels on surface roughness of nanofilled composite resins. Eur. J. Dent. 2011, 5, 173–179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yikilgan, I.; Kamak, H.; Akgul, S.; Ozcan, S.; Bala, O. Effects of three different bleaching agents on microhardness and roughness of composite sample surfaces finished with different polishing techniques. J. Clin. Exp. Dent. 2017, 9, e460–e465. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jaramillo-Cartagena, R.; López-Galeano, E.J.; Latorre-Correa, F.; Agudelo-Suárez, A.A. Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Hybrid and Nano-Filling Composite Resins: A Systematic Review. Dent. J. 2021, 9, 95. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bahannan, S.A. Effects of different bleaching agent concentrations on surface roughness and microhardness of esthetic restorative materials. Saudi J. Dent. Res. 2015, 6, 124–128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- AlQahtani, M. The Effect of a 10% Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching Agent on the Microhardness of Four Types of Direct Resin-based Restorative Materials. Oper. Dent. 2013, 38, 316–323. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
MATERIAL | COMPOSITION | MANUFACTURER | BATCH |
---|---|---|---|
Opalescence PF Regular 16% (PC16%) | 16% CP (≈5.8% H2O2), glycerin, water, carbomer, PEG-6, sodium hydroxide, EDTA, potassium nitrate, sodium fluoride, xylitol | Ultradent Products, Cologne, Germany | BMCCJ |
Opalescence Quick PF 45% (PC45%) | PC al 45% (≈15% H2O2), water, potassium nitrate, fluoride | Ultradent Products, Cologne, Germany | BKPPS |
Filtek Supreme XTE Universal, shade A2 body (FS XTE) | Silica, zirconium, Bis-GMA, UDMA, TEGDMA, PEDGMA, bis-EMA | 3M ESPE, Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, USA | 4911A2D |
Filtek Universal Restorative, shade A2 (FUR) | Silica, zirconium, ytterbium trifluoride, AUDMA, AFM, diurethane-DMA, 1,12-dodecane-DMA | 3M ESPE, Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, USA | 6555A2 |
ΔEab | Mean ± SD | p |
---|---|---|
FS XTE/FS XTE CP16% | 3.65 ± 1.96 | 0.19 |
FS XTE/FS XTE CP45% | 2.79 ± 1.08 | |
FUR/FUR CP16% | 1.93 ± 0.89 | 0.15 |
FUR/FUR CP45% | 1.40 ± 0.85 | |
FS XTE CP16%/FUR CP16% | 0.03 | |
FS XTE CP45%/FUR CP45% | 0.01 | |
ΔE00 | ||
FS XTE/FS XTE CP16% | 1.97 ± 0.96 | 0.23 |
FS XTE/FS XTE CP45% | 1.49 ± 0.45 | |
FUR/FUR CP16% | 1.19 ± 0.44 | 0.46 |
FUR/FUR CP45% | 0.89 ± 0.46 | |
FS XTE CP16%/FUR CP16% | 0.02 | |
FS XTE CP45%/FUR CP45% | 0.01 |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Melo, M.; Dumitrache, B.; Ghilotti, J.; Sanz, J.L.; Llena, C. Effect of Bleaching Agents on Composite Resins with and without Bis-GMA: An In Vitro Study. J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15, 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15060144
Melo M, Dumitrache B, Ghilotti J, Sanz JL, Llena C. Effect of Bleaching Agents on Composite Resins with and without Bis-GMA: An In Vitro Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2024; 15(6):144. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15060144
Chicago/Turabian StyleMelo, María, Bianca Dumitrache, James Ghilotti, José Luis Sanz, and Carmen Llena. 2024. "Effect of Bleaching Agents on Composite Resins with and without Bis-GMA: An In Vitro Study" Journal of Functional Biomaterials 15, no. 6: 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15060144