Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Bacillus: A Comprehensive Review of Origins, Structures, and Bioactivities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structural Diversity
2.1. Cyclic Lipopeptides
2.2. Diketopiperazines
2.3. Linear Lipopeptides
2.4. Nonribosomal Peptides
2.5. Polyketides
2.6. Macrolactins
2.7. Other Compounds
3. Biological Activities
3.1. Antimicrobial Activities
3.2. Antifungal Activities
3.3. Cytotoxic Activities
3.4. Other Activities
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NO. | Classification | Producing Strain | Environmental Source | Antimicrobial Activities a | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Cyclic lipopeptide (surfactin) | B. licheniformis MB01 | sediments (the Bohai Sea, China) | V. parahaemolyticus (>3 cm), E. coli (>3 cm), V. cholerae (>3 cm), V. harveyi (>3 cm), P. aeruginosa (2–3 cm), S. aureus (2–3 cm), Proteus species (1–2 cm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [47] |
3 | Cyclic lipopeptide (surfactin) | B. licheniformis MB01 | sediments (the Bohai Sea, China) | V. parahaemolyticus (>3 cm), E. coli (>3 cm), V. cholerae (>3 cm), V. harveyi (>3 cm), P. aeruginosa (2–3 cm), S. aureus (2–3 cm), Proteus species (1–2 cm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [47] |
4 | Cyclic lipopeptide (surfactin) | B. licheniformis MB01 | sediments (the Bohai Sea, China) | V. parahaemolyticus (>3 cm), E. coli (>3 cm), V. cholerae (>3 cm), V. harveyi (>3 cm), P. aeruginosa (2–3 cm), S. aureus (2–3 cm), Proteus species (1–2 cm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [47] |
5 | Cyclic lipopeptide (surfactin) | B. licheniformis MB01 | sediments (the Bohai Sea, China) | V. parahaemolyticus (>3 cm), E. coli (>3 cm), V. cholerae (>3 cm), V. harveyi (>3 cm), P. aeruginosa (2–3 cm), S. aureus (2–3 cm), Proteus species (1–2 cm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [47] |
15 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | MRSA ATCC25923 (8 μg/mL), MRSA XU2120 (16 μg/mL), MRSA SA1199B (8 μg/mL), MRSA RN4220 (32 μg/mL) (MIC) | [12] |
16 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | MRSA ATCC25923 (16 μg/mL), MRSA XU2120 (16 μg/mL), MRSA SA1199B (32 μg/mL) (MIC) | [12] |
17 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (16 μg/mL), B. subtilis (16 μg/mL), S. typhi (16 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (16 μg/mL) (MIC) | [50] |
18 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (16 μg/mL), B. subtilis (32 μg/mL), S. typhi (32 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (16 μg/mL) (MIC) | [50] |
19 | Cyclic lipopeptide | Bacillus sp. BC028 | the blue mussel M. edulis (the western shore of Baltic Sea, Germany) | S. aureus NCTC 8325 (12 μM), E. faecalis JH212 (8 μM) (MIC) | [51] |
20 | Cyclic lipopeptide | Bacillus sp. SPB7 | the sponge S. officinali (the Palk Bay of Bengal, Mandapam coast, Tamil Nadu, India) | E. coli (16 μg/mL), S. aureus (22 μg/mL) (MIC) | [53] |
25 | Pyrrol | Bacillus sp. | sponges (Agatti island, | fish pathogens (GI50, 31.25 µg/mL) | [55] |
Lakshadweep archipelago, India) | |||||
28 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. typhi (16 μg/mL), S. aureus (16 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (16 μg/mL), B. subtilis (16 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
29 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. typhi (32 μg/mL), S. aureus (16 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (16 μg/mL), B. subtilis (32 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
30 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. typhi (32 μg/mL), S. aureus (64 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (64 μg/mL), B. subtilis (32 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
31 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.03 µM), B. subtilis (0.03 µM), S. typhi (0.06 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.06 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
32 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.04 µM), B. subtilis (0.02 µM), S. typhi (0.02 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.04 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
33 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.04 µM), B. subtilis (0.04 µM), S. typhi (0.02 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.02 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
34 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.05 µM), B. subtilis (0.05 µM), S. typhi (0.05 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.09 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
35 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.05 µM), B. subtilis (0.05 µM), S. typhi (0.08 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.08 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
36 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.08 µM), B. subtilis (0.09 µM), S. typhi (0.09 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.09 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
37 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | S. aureus (0.08 µM), B. subtilis (0.05 µM), S. typhi (0.09 µM), P. aeruginosa (0.08 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
52 | Polyketide | B. subtilis | the brown seaweed S. myriocystum (Mannar Bay on the southeast coast of India) | V. parahemolyticus (24.33 ± 0.58 mm, 10 μg on disk), V. vulnificus (22.66 ± 0.58 mm), A. hydrophila (26.00 ± 1.00 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [64] |
MTCC 10407 | |||||
53 | Polyketide | B. subtilis | the brown seaweed S. myriocystum (Mannar Bay on the southeast coast of India) | V. parahemolyticus (11.00 ± 1.00 mm), V. vulnificus (22.66 ± 0.58 mm), A. hydrophila (17.66 ± 0.58 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [64] |
MTCC 10407 | |||||
54 | Polyketide | B. amyloliquefaciens | the brown seaweed P. gymnospora (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | V. vulnificus MTCC 1145 (16.33 ± 0.58 mm, 10 mcg on disk), V. parahaemolyticus ATCC® 17802™ (15.30 ± 1.15 mm), A. hydrophila MTCC 646 (12.67 ± 1.15 mm), V. harveyi MTCC 3438 (15.33 ± 0.58 mm), V. anguillarum (13.33 ± 1.15 mm), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC 451 (14.00 ± 1.00 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [63] |
55 | Polyketide | B. amyloliquefaciens | the brown seaweed P. gymnospora (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | V. vulnificus MTCC 1145 (14.67 ± 1.15 mm), V. parahaemolyticus ATCC® 17802™ (14.00 ± 1.00 mm), A. hydrophila MTCC 646 (14.67 ± 1.15 mm), V. harveyi MTCC 3438 (13.00 ± 1.00 mm), V. anguillarum (12.67 ± 1.54 mm), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC 451 (13.33 ± 1.15 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [63] |
56 | Polyketide | B. amyloliquefaciens | the brown seaweed P. gymnospora (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | V. vulnificus MTCC 1145 (17.33 ± 1.15 mm), V. parahaemolyticus ATCC® 17802™ (16.00 ± 1.00 mm), A. hydrophila MTCC 646 (13.33 ± 1.15 mm), V. harveyi MTCC 3438 (12.67 ± 1.15 mm), V. anguillarum (10.66 ± 1.15 mm), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC 451 (15.33 ± 0.58 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [63] |
57 | Polyketide | B. amyloliquefaciens | the brown seaweed P. gymnospora (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | V. vulnificus MTCC 1145 (13.67 ± 1.52 mm), V. parahaemolyticus ATCC® 17802™ (12.66 ± 1.15 mm), A. hydrophila MTCC 646 (11.33 ± 1.15 mm), V. harveyi MTCC 3438 (15.33 ± 0.58 mm), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC 451 (12.67 ± 1.54 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [63] |
68 | Macrolactin | B. subtilis MTCC10403 | the seaweed Anthophycus longifolius (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | A. hydrophilla (18 mm, 100 μg on disk), V. parahemolyticus ATCC 17802 (16 mm), V. vulnificus (14 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [68] |
69 | Macrolactin (difficidin) | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC12713 | an intertidal macroalga Kappaphycus alverezii (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | MRSA ATCC33592 (0.005 µM), VREfs ATCC51299 (0.009 µM), P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 (0.006 µM), K. pneumonia ATCC13883 (0.009 µM), E. tarda MTCC2400 (0.005 µM), E. coli MTCC443 (0.009 µM), S. pyogenes MTCC1924 (0.009 µM), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC451 (0.006 µM) (MIC) | [13] |
70 | Macrolactin (difficidin) | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC12713 | an intertidal macroalga Kappaphycus alverezii (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | MRSA ATCC33592 (0.002 µM), VREfs ATCC51299 (0.002 µM), P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 (0.004 µM), K. pneumonia ATCC13883 (0.002 µM), E. tarda MTCC2400 (0.004 µM), E. coli MTCC443 (0.004 µM), S. pyogenes MTCC1924 (0.007 µM), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC451 (0.004 µM) (MIC) | [13] |
71 | Macrolactin (difficidin) | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC12713 | an intertidal macroalga Kappaphycus alverezii (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | MRSA ATCC33592 (0.002 µM), VREfs ATCC51299 (0.004 µM), P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 (0.002 µM), K. pneumonia ATCC13883 (0.002 µM), E. tarda MTCC2400 (0.004 µM), E. coli MTCC443 (0.004 µM), S. pyogenes MTCC1924 (0.005 µM), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC451 (0.002 µM) (MIC) | [13] |
72 | Macrolactin (difficidin) | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC12713 | an intertidal macroalga Kappaphycus alverezii (Mannar Bay, Peninsular India) | MRSA ATCC33592 (0.002 µM), VREfs ATCC51299 (0.004 µM), P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 (0.002 µM), K. pneumonia ATCC13883 (0.002 µM), E. tarda MTCC2400 (0.004 µM), E. coli MTCC443 (0.004 µM), S. pyogenes MTCC1924 (0.004 µM), V. parahaemolyticus MTCC451 (0.002 µM) (MIC) | [13] |
73 | Thiopeptide | B. stratosphericus | no description | S. aureus KCTC 1927 (0.8 µg/mL), K. rhizophila KCTC 1915 (0.2 µg/mL), B. subtilis KCTC 1021 (0.8 µg/mL), E. coli KCTC 2441 (26 µg/mL), K. pneumoniae KCTC 2690 (26 µg/mL), S. typhimurium KCTC 2515 (26 µg/mL) (MIC) | [69] |
74 | Thiopeptide | B. stratosphericus | no description | S. aureus KCTC 1927 (0.1 µg/mL), K. rhizophila KCTC 1915 (0.05 µg/mL), B. subtilis KCTC 1021 (0.5 µg/mL), E. coli KCTC 2441 (26 µg/mL), K. pneumoniae KCTC 2690 (26 µg/mL), S. typhimurium KCTC 2515 (26 µg/mL) (MIC) | [69] |
75 | Long-chain amide | B. pumilus RJA1515 | sediments (at a depth of 84 m, Bamfield, British Columbia) | P. aeruginosa PA-01 (64 µg/mL), A. baumannii ATCC19606 (58 µg/mL) (MIC) | [70] |
76 | Long-chain amide | B. pumilus RJA1515 | sediments (at a depth of 84 m, Bamfield, British Columbia) | P. aeruginosa PA-01 (64 µg/mL), A. baumannii ATCC19606 (64 µg/mL) (MIC) | [70] |
77 | Long-chain amide | B. pumilus RJA1515 | sediments (at a depth of 84 m, Bamfield, British Columbia) | P. aeruginosa PA-01 (64 µg/mL), A. baumannii ATCC19606 (64 µg/mL) (MIC) | [70] |
78 | Long-chain amide | B. pumilus RJA1515 | sediments (at a depth of 84 m, Bamfield, British Columbia) | P. aeruginosa PA-01 (64 µg/mL), A. baumannii ATCC19606 (58 µg/mL) (MIC) | [70] |
82 | Glycolipid | B. licheniformis 09IDYM23 | sediments (at a depth 20 m, Ieodo, Korea) | P. aeruginosa (0.01 µM), E. coli (0.01 µM), B. cereus (0.01 µM), B. subtilis (0.03 µM), S. typhi (0.01 µM), S. aureus (0.03 µM) (MIC) | [71] |
83 | Glycolipid | B. licheniformis 09IDYM23 | sediments (at a depth 20 m, Ieodo, Korea) | P. aeruginosa (0.03 µM), E. coli (0.03 µM), B. cereus (0.03 µM), B.subtilis (0.05 µM), S. typhi (0.05 µM), S. aureus (0.03 µM) (MIC) | [71] |
86 | Other compounds | B. subtilis AD35 | marine water and sediment (Alexandria sea shore, Egypt) | S. typhimurium (16 µg/mL), MRSA (32 µg/mL), L. monocytogenes (0.25 µg/mL), A. hydrophila (0.5 µg/mL), S. aureus (8 µg/mL), S. epidermidis (4 µg/mL), E. coli (4 µg/mL), P. aeruginosa (8 µg/mL) (GI50) | [73] |
B. polymyxa L1-9 | the mud of the intertidal mudflat (Lianyungang Port, China) | E. coli (5.2 ± 0.20 mm), B. subtilis (4.3 ± 0.11 mm), S. aureus (1.3 ± 0.02 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [74] | ||
87 | Other compounds | B. polymyxa L1-9 | the mud of the intertidal mudflat (Lianyungang Port, China) | E. coli (9.7 ± 0.20 mm), B. subtilis (6.6 ± 0.16 mm), S. aureus (2.3 ± 0.12 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [74] |
NO. | Classification | Producing Strain | Environmental Source | Antifungal Activities a | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cyclic lipopeptide (surfactin) | B. velezensis SH-B74 | sediments (CCTCC) | M. oryzae (concentration, 10–50 µM) | [46] |
6 | Cyclic lipopeptide (iturin) | B. amyloliquefaciens SH-B74 | sediments (the South China Sea, China) | V. mali, F. oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, R. solani (concentration, >2 mg/mL) | [22] |
8 | Cyclic lipopeptide (iturin) | B. mojavensis B0621A | the pearl oyster P. martensii (the South China Sea, China) | F. oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum (1.0 mM, 5.63 ± 0.03 mm; 2.0 mM, 6.41 ± 0.56 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (2.0 mM, 5.94 ± 0.25 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum SF2 (2.0 mM, 6.21 ± 0.36 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [48] |
9 | Cyclic lipopeptide (iturin) | B. mojavensis B0621A | the pearl oyster P. martensii (the South China Sea, China) | F. oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum (0.5 Mm, 6.45 ± 0.13 mm; 1.0 mM, 6.52 ± 0.30 mm; 2.0 mM, 7.33 ± 0.24 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (0.5 mM, 6.46 ± 0.30 mm; 1.0 mM, 7.07 ± 0.10 mm; 2.0 mM, 7.33 ± 0.07 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum SF2 (0.5 mM, 5.62 ± 0.40 mm; 1.0 mM, 6.63 ± 0.43 mm; 2.0 mM, 7.19 ± 0.34 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. Cucumis melo L. (2.0 mM, 6.32 ± 0.37 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [48] |
10 | Cyclic lipopeptide (iturin) | B. mojavensis B0621A | the pearl oyster P. martensii (the South China Sea, China) | F. oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum (0.5 mM, 5.43 ± 0.23 mm; 1.0 mM, 6.61 ± 0.31 mm; 2.0 mM, 8.02 ± 0.04 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (0.5 mM, 5.31 ± 0.17 mm; 1.0 mM, 6.12 ± 0.43 mm; 2.0 mM, 7.26 ± 0.45 mm), F. oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum SF2 (0.5 mM, 5.45 ± 0.24 mm; 1.0 mM, 6.31 ± 0.20 mm; 2.0 mM, 6.89 ± 0.26 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [48] |
11 | Cyclic lipopeptide (plipastatin) | B. amyloliquefaciens SH-B74 | sediments (CCTCC) | B. cinerea (MIC, 50 µM) | [49] |
17 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | P. capsici (IC50, 1 μg/mL), R. solani (MIC, 4 µg/mL), C. acutatum (MIC, 8 µg/mL), B. cinerea (MIC, 4 µg/mL) | [50] |
18 | Cyclic lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | P. capsici (IC50, 400 μg/mL), R. solani (MIC, 8 µg/mL), C. acutatum (MIC, 8 µg/mL), B. cinerea (MIC, 8 µg/mL) | [50] |
28 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | C. acutatum (8 μg/mL), B. cinerea (4 μg/mL), R. solani (4 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
29 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | C. acutatum (8 μg/mL), B. cinerea (8 μg/mL), R. solani (8 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
30 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | C. acutatum (16 μg/mL), B. cinerea (32 μg/mL), R. solani (32 μg/mL) (MIC) | [35] |
31 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | B. cinerea (0.03 µM), C. acutatum (0.03 µM), R. solani (0.06 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
32 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | B. cinerea (0.01 µM), C. acutatum (0.01 µM), R. solani (0.02 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
MoT (MIC, 1.5 µg/disk) | [75] | ||||
33 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | B. cinerea (0.01 µM), C. acutatum (0.02 µM), R. solani (0.02 µM) (MIC) | [57] |
34 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | R. solani (0.02 µM), B. cinerea (0.06 µM), C. acutatum (0.04 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
MoT (MIC, 10.0 µg/disk) | [75] | ||||
35 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | R. solani (0.04 µM), B. cinerea (0.06 µM), C. acutatum (0.04 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
MoT (MIC, 10.0 µg/disk) | [75] | ||||
36 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | R. solani (0.08 µM), B. cinerea (0.08 µM), C. acutatum (0.06 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
MoT (MIC, 2.5 µg/disk) | [75] | ||||
37 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | R. solani (0.08 µM), B. cinerea (0.04 µM), C. acutatum (0.06 µM) (MIC) | [58] |
MoT (MIC, 2.5 µg/disk) | [75] | ||||
38 | Linear lipopeptide | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 | seaweed (MTCC, Chandigarh, India) | M. furfur ATCC 44344 (50–100 µg/mL), M. furfur ATCC 12078 (50–110 µg/mL), M. globosa ATCC MYA 4612 (30–100 µg/mL) (MIC) | [44] |
47 | Nonribosomal peptide | B. subtilis B38 | not reported | C. albicans ATCC 10231 (MIC, 12.5 µg/mL) | [61] |
60 | Macrolactin | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 | seaweed (MTCC, Chandigarh, India) | M. furfur ATCC 44344 (156–313 µg/mL), M. furfur ATCC 12078 (165–330 µg/mL), M. globosa ATCC MYA 4612 (138–275 µg/mL) (MIC) | [44] |
62 | Macrolactin | B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 | seaweed (MTCC, Chandigarh, India) | M. furfur ATCC 44344 (156–313 µg/mL), M. furfur ATCC 12078 (165–330 µg/mL), M. globosa ATCC MYA 4612 (138–275 µg/mL) (MIC) | [44] |
63 | Macrolactin | B. siamensis | the Anthogorgia caerulea (Beihai city, Guangxi, China) | S. scitamineum (EC50, 67.99 μg/mL) | [68] |
64 | Macrolactin | B. siamensis | the Anthogorgia caerulea (Beihai city, Guangxi, China) | S. scitamineum (EC50, 12.51 μg/mL) | [68] |
65 | Macrolactin | B. siamensis | the Anthogorgia caerulea (Beihai city, Guangxi, China) | S. scitamineum (EC50, 3.25 μg/mL) | [68] |
66 | Macrolactin | B. siamensis | the Anthogorgia caerulea (Beihai city, Guangxi, China) | S. scitamineum (EC50, 15.05 μg/mL) | [68] |
67 | Macrolactin | B. siamensis | the Anthogorgia caerulea (Beihai city, Guangxi, China) | S. scitamineum (EC50, 34.28 μg/mL) | [68] |
82 | Glycolipid | B. licheniformis 09IDYM23 | sediments (at a depth 20 m, Ieodo, Korea) | B. cinerea (0.03 µM), R. solani (0.03 µM), C. acutatum (0.03 µM), A. niger (0.05 µM) (IC50), C. albicans (0.05µM) (MIC) | [71] |
83 | Glycolipid | B. licheniformis 09IDYM23 | sediments (at a depth 20 m, Ieodo, Korea) | B. cinerea (0.05 µM), R. solani (0.03 µM), C. acutatum (0.03 µM), A.niger (0.05 µM) (IC50), C. albicans (0.03µM) (MIC) | [71] |
86 | Other compounds | B. polymyxa L1-9 | the mud of the intertidal mudflat (Lianyungang Port, China) | S. sclerotiorum (9.0 ± 0.3 mm), B. sorokiniana (8.7 ± 0.10 mm), R. solani (7.2 ± 0.11 mm), A. solani (6.0 ± 0.13 mm), B. maydis (5.3 ± 0.06 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [74] |
87 | Other compounds | B. polymyxa L1-9 | the mud of the intertidal mudflat (Lianyungang Port, China) | S. sclerotiorum (11.0 ± 0.11 mm), B. sorokiniana (10.4 ± 0.21 mm), R. solani (9.8 ± 0.12 mm), A. solani (8.4 ± 0.14 mm), B. maydis (7.2 ± 0.06 mm) (inhibition zone diameter) | [74] |
NO. | Classification | Producing Strain | Environmental Source | Cytotoxic Activities a | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 | Cyclic lipopeptide | Streptomyces sp. and Bacillus sp. | the mud (the intertidal mudflat in Wando, Korea) | SK-HEP-1 (27 μM), HCT116 (28 μM), MDA-MB-231 (28 μM), A549 (38 μM), SNU638 (39 μM) (IC50) | [25] |
28 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | MDA-MB-231 (14.9 µg/mL), HCT-15 (11.4 µg/mL), PC-3 (10.8 µg/mL), NCI-H23 (11.2 µg/mL), NUGC-3 (11.8 µg/mL), ACHN (11.5 µg/mL) (GI50) | [35] |
29 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | MDA-MB-231 (16.1 µg/mL), HCT-15 (18.3 µg/mL), PC-3 (19.4 µg/mL), NCI-H23 (11.7 µg/mL), NUGC-3(13.9 µg/mL), ACHN (18.4 µg/mL) (GI50) | [35] |
30 | Linear lipopeptide | B. subtilis 109GGC020 | sediments (the Gageocho reef, Korea) | MDA-MB-231 (11.2 µg/mL), HCT-15 (23.2 µg/mL), PC-3 (11.7 µg/mL), NCI-H23 (10.9 µg/mL), NUGC-3 (10.5 µg/mL), ACHN (12.3 µg/mL) (GI50) | [35] |
45 | Nonribosomal peptide | Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00092 | sponges, corals and sediments (the South China Sea and the southern Coast of China) | MCF7 (4.2 ± 0.1 μM), HepG2 (8.2 ± 0.2 μM) (IC50) | [60] |
46 | Nonribosomal peptide | Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00093 | sponges, corals and sediments (the South China Sea and the southern Coast of China) | MCF7 (2.9 ± 0.1 μM), HepG2 (5.1 ± 0.2 μM) (IC50) | [60] |
47 | Nonribosomal peptide | Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00092 | sponges, corals and sediments (the South China Sea and the southern Coast of China) | MCF7 (3.3 ± 0.1 μM), HepG2 (4.9 ± 0.2 μM) (IC50) | [60] |
48 | Nonribosomal peptide | Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00092 | sponges, corals and sediments (the South China Sea and the southern Coast of China) | MCF7 (7.2 ± 0.2 μM) (IC50) | [60] |
84 | Other compounds | Bacillus sp. (SCO-147) | sediments (Suncheon Bay of Korea) | inhibitory activity (human melanoma cell line MNT-1 and melanin synthesis in mouse melanoma cell line B16F10) | [72] |
85 | Other compounds | Bacillus sp. (SCO-147) | sediments (Suncheon Bay of Korea) | inhibitory activity (human melanoma cell line MNT-1 and melanin synthesis in mouse melanoma cell line B16F10), enzyme inhibitory activity, and anti-pigmentary activity | [72] |
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Xiao, S.; Chen, N.; Chai, Z.; Zhou, M.; Xiao, C.; Zhao, S.; Yang, X. Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Bacillus: A Comprehensive Review of Origins, Structures, and Bioactivities. Mar. Drugs 2022, 20, 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/md20090567
Xiao S, Chen N, Chai Z, Zhou M, Xiao C, Zhao S, Yang X. Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Bacillus: A Comprehensive Review of Origins, Structures, and Bioactivities. Marine Drugs. 2022; 20(9):567. https://doi.org/10.3390/md20090567
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Shaoyujia, Nan Chen, Zixue Chai, Mengdie Zhou, Chenghaotian Xiao, Shiqin Zhao, and Xiliang Yang. 2022. "Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Bacillus: A Comprehensive Review of Origins, Structures, and Bioactivities" Marine Drugs 20, no. 9: 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/md20090567