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U+5BB6, 家
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BB6

[U+5BB5]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5BB7]

Translingual

Stroke order
10 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 40, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十一尸人 (JMSO), four-corner 30232, composition )

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7169
  • Dae Jaweon: page 566, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 930, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5BB6

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kraː) : semantic (roof) + phonetic (pig).

is an abbreviation of (OC *kraː, “male pig, boar”) (Shuowen Jiezi), a homophone of (jiā) in Old Chinese. See for more on the glyph composition.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𡦼
alternative forms
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • (Cantonese)
一棟住著一家人的房子

Cognate with Tibetan མཁར (mkhar, castle; house) (Schuessler, 2007).

(OC *kraːs, “to give a girl in marriage”) is the exoactive of (OC *kraː, “house; household; family”).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • ke/kiee - vernacular;
  • ka/lia - literary.
Note:
  • gê1 - vernacular;
  • gia1 - literary (used only in operas).
Note: 1jia is literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑ²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕia²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕia²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕia³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ 國~
/ka⁵⁵/ 人~
Chengdu /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕia̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɑ³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕia²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕia¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/
/t͡ɕiɑ⁵³/ 娘~
Hohhot /t͡ɕia³¹/
/t͡ɕiaʔ⁰/ 人~
Wu Shanghai /ka⁵³/
/t͡ɕia⁵³/
Suzhou /kɑ⁵⁵/
/t͡ɕiɑ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiɑ³³/
Wenzhou /ko³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³¹/
/ka³¹/
Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕia³³/
/ka³³/
Xiangtan /kɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /kɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ka⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ka⁵³/
Nanning /ka⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /ka⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ka⁵⁵/
/ke⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ka⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ka⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /ke³³/
/ka³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ka²³/
/kia²³/
/kɛ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠa/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/ka/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kaɨ/
Li
Rong
/ka/
Wang
Li
/ka/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ka/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gaa1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jiā
Middle
Chinese
‹  ›
Old
Chinese
/*kˁra/
English household

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5919
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kraː/
Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. home
      ―  huíjiā  ―  to return home
    這裡 [MSC, trad.]
    这里 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ de jiā jiù zài zhèlǐ. [Pinyin]
    My home is here.
  2. family; household
      ―  jiātíng  ―  family
      ―  jiāshì  ―  family matters
      ―  Chén jiā  ―  The Chen family
      ―  jiā yǒu sì kǒu rén.  ―  We are a family of four.
  3. (polite, for family member) my
      ―  jiā  ―  my father
  4. domesticated; domestic
      ―  jiā  ―  domestic rabbit
      ―  jiāmāo  ―  domestic cat
  5. Classifier for families, businesses and companies.
    餐廳餐厅  ―  jiā cāntīng  ―  a restaurant
    商店商店  ―  liǎng jiā shāngdiàn  ―  two shops
    人家  ―  jiā rénjiā  ―  four families
  6. school of thought; philosophical school
      ―  jiā  ―  Confucian school
      ―  Dàojiā  ―  Daoist School
    之言  ―  jiāzhīyán  ―  one's own thought, opinion, interpretation, etc.
  7. (historical, obsolete) fief of ministers or senior officials
  8. Suffix denoting a person with a certain occupation or social standing. -er
      ―  chuánjiā  ―  boatperson
      ―  hángjiā  ―  expert; connoisseur
  9. Suffix denoting specialist in a certain activity or field. -ist; -er
    藝術艺术  ―  yìshùjiā  ―  artist
    科學科学  ―  kēxuéjiā  ―  scientist
    野心  ―  yěxīnjiā  ―  person of ambition; careerist
  10. (in a game) party; side
      ―  duìjiā  ―  opposite player
      ―  zhuāngjiā  ―  banker; house
  11. Suffix used after a noun to specify a type of person.
      ―  qìngjia  ―  one's child's parents-in-law
      ―  chóujiā  ―  personal enemy
    老人身體 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
    老人身体 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]
    Lǎorénjiā shēntǐ kě hái hǎo a? [Pinyin]
    Is the parent of yours well?
    姑娘成天學好天天道上男人鬼混什麼樣子 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
    姑娘成天学好天天道上男人鬼混什么样子 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]
    Yī ge gūniangjiā, chéngtiān bù xiǎng zhe xuéhǎor, tiāntiān gēn dàorshang de nánrén guǐhùn, xiàng shénme yàngzi! [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  12. a surname
Synonyms
  • (family):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (suffix used after a noun to specify a type of person): 家家 (jiājiā), (Cantonese) 人家 (jan4 gaa1)
Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. (Southern Min) Only used in 家己 (ka-kī).

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. (Southern Min) Only used in 私家.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“stubborn, obstinate, intransigent”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 4

Cognate with ().

Pronunciation

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. Only used in 大家 (dàgū).

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: (ke, Jōyō) (ku)
  • Kan-on: (ka, Jōyō) (ko)
  • Kun: いえ (ie, , Jōyō)いへ (ife, , historical) (ya, , Jōyō)うち (uchi, )

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
いえ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

⟨ipe1 → */ipʲe//iɸe//iwe//ie/

From Old Japanese.

Possibly related to (iho → io, temporary hut).

Pronunciation

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Noun

(いえ) (ieいへ (ife)?

  1. a house
  2. one's own home
  3. a home, household
  4. a family

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Noun

() (ya

  1. a house

Suffix

() (-ya

  1. house of something, place where some business is conducted
  2. person who does that thing
See also

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
うち
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Cognate with (uchi, middle).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

(うち) (uchi

  1. a house
  2. one's house
Descendants
  • English: hooch

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
Grade: 2
irregular

Contraction of uchi above.

Often following the genitive case marker (no) which contracts to -n.

Noun

() (chi

  1. a house
    (おれ)()()ない?Orenchi ni konai?Wanna come to my place?

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC kae).

The 漢音 (kan'on, literally Han sound), so likely a latter borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Suffix

() (-ka

  1. an expert, professional, performer
Derived terms

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
goon

The 呉音 (goon, literally Wu sound), so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Suffix

() (-ke

  1. representing relationship to a family
    (たいら)()Taira-kethe Taira family

References

  1. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DJR

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

(eumhun (jip ga))

  1. hanja form? of (home; family; household)
Compounds

Etymology 2

Hanja

(eumhun 여자 (yeoja go))

  1. (obsolete) Alternative form of (hanja form? of (woman))

Okinawan

Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Noun

(やー) (

  1. house

Derived terms

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: gia[1]
: Nôm readings: nhà[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of gia (home, family).
  2. chữ Hán form of gia (expert, professional, -ist, -er).
  3. Nôm form of nhà (house, home, domestic).
  4. Nôm form of nhà (dynasty).

References

Yonaguni

Kanji

(hiragana だー, romaji )

Noun

(hiragana だー, romaji )

  1. house