Wiktionary

dos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dos"
Languages (38)
English
Aragonese • Ashkun • Asturian • Bikol Central • Catalan • Cornish • Dutch • Extremaduran • Fala • French • Galician • Ilocano • Indonesian • Irish • Kabuverdianu • Kristang • Ladino • Latin • Latvian • Malay • Middle Welsh • Norman • Northern Sami • Occitan • Old French • Old Occitan • Old Spanish • Papiamentu • Portuguese • Romanian • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Walloon • Welsh • White Hmong • Zazaki
Page categories

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /duːz/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːz

Noun

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dos

  1. plural of do
    • 1916, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter VIII, in Just David‎[2]:
      With the coming of Monday arrived a new life for David—a curious life full of "don'ts" and "dos." David wondered sometimes why all the pleasant things were "don'ts" and all the unpleasant ones "dos."

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos

  1. (music) plural of do
    • 2020, Jennifer Snodgrass, Teaching Music Theory, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 212:
      In functional harmonic progression, three “Dos” in a row within the Do-Ti test indicate chord changes that can only be this descending third pattern.

Anagrams

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Aragonese

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Aragonese cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos

Etymology

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From Latin duos, accusative of duo.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two

Ashkun

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Ashkun cardinal numbers
 <  9 10 11  > 
    Cardinal : dos

Etymology

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From Proto-Nuristani *daca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos (Sanu)[1]

  1. ten

References

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  1. ^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “d′os”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎[1]

Asturian

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Asturian cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos
    Ordinal : segundu

Etymology

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From Latin duōs, accusative form of duo.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos (indeclinable)

  1. two

Bikol Central

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Bikol Central numbers (edit)
20[a], [b]
[a], [b] ←  1 2 3  → [a], [b]
    Cardinal: duwa, dos
    Ordinal: ikaduwa

Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈd̪os]
  • Hyphenation: dos

Numeral

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dos (Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

  1. two
    Synonym: duwa
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Catalan

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Catalan numbers (edit)
20
[a], [b] ←  1 2 3  → 
    Cardinal: dos
    Ordinal: segon
    Ordinal abbreviation: 2n
    Multiplier: doble
    Fractional: mig
Catalan Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Latin duōs, accusative form of duo (“two”), from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Occitan dos, French deux, Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos m (feminine dues)

  1. (cardinal number) two
Usage notes
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  • Catalan cardinal numbers may be used as masculine or feminine adjectives, except un/una (“1”), dos/dues (“2”), cents/centes (“100s”) and its compounds. When used as nouns, Catalan cardinal numbers are treated as masculine singular nouns in most contexts, but in expressions involving time such as la una i trenta (1:30) or les dues (two o'clock), they are feminine because the feminine noun hora has been elided.
Derived terms
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Noun

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dos m (plural dosos)

  1. two
  2. (castells) torre
  3. (castells) One of a pair of castellers in the pom de dalt, who form the third-highest level of the castell

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos

  1. plural of do (“do (note of the musical scale)”)

Etymology 3

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Inherited from Old Catalan dos, from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum (“back”). Compare dors, a borrowed doublet.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos m (plural dossos)

  1. Archaic form of dors.
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Cornish

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Etymology

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Contraction of dones. Cognate with Welsh dod

Verb

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dos

  1. to come, arrive

Mutation

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Mutation of dos
unmutated soft aspirate hard mixed mixed after 'th
dos dhos unchanged tos tos tos

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle French dos (“back”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos m (plural dossen, diminutive dosje n)

  1. garb, clothing, especially extravagant or unusual clothes
  2. pelt, fur
  3. patch of hair, especially one's headhair

Derived terms

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Extremaduran

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Etymology

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Akin to Spanish, from Latin duo.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two

Fala

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Alternative forms

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  • dus (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)

Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese dos, equivalent to de (“of”) +‎ os (masculine plural definite article).

Contraction

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dos m pl (singular do, feminine da, feminine plural das)

  1. (Mañegu) of the
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
      Esti términu Mañegu, o mais pequenu dos tres, formaba parti, con términus de Vilamel i Trevellu, da pruvincia de Salamanca hasta o anu 1833 […]
      This San Martinese locality, the smallest of the three, formed, along with the Vilamen and Trevejo localities, the Salamanca province until the year 1833 […]

References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[3], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French dos, from Latin dorsum (through Vulgar Latin dossum). Compare Romansch dies, Catalan dors, Italian dosso, and Romanian dos.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos m (plural dos)

  1. (anatomy) back (of a person)
  2. (in the plural) backs (of persons) (clarification of this definition is needed)
  3. (swimming) backstroke
  4. spine (of a book)

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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Galician

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Etymology

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From contraction of preposition de (“of, from”) + masculine plural definite article os (“the”). Akin to Portuguese dos (de + os).

Pronunciation

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Contraction

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dos m pl (masculine do, feminine da, feminine plural das)

  1. of the; from the

Further reading

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Ilocano

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈdos]
  • Hyphenation: dos

Numeral

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dos

  1. two
    Synonym: dua

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos

  1. (proscribed) Alternative form of dus

Particle

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dos

  1. (proscribed) Alternative form of dus

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Irish doss (“bush, thicket, tree”).

Noun

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dos m (genitive singular dois, nominative plural dosanna)

  1. tuft
Declension
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Declension of dos (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative dos dosanna
vocative a dhois a dhosanna
genitive dois dosanna
dative dos dosanna
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an dos na dosanna
genitive an dois na ndosanna
dative leis an dos
don dos 		leis na dosanna

Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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dos m (genitive singular dosa)

  1. Alternative form of gus (“force, vigor”)
Declension
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Declension of dos (third declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative dos dosa
vocative a dhos a dhosa
genitive dosa dosa
dative dos dosa
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an dos na dosa
genitive an dosa na ndosa
dative leis an dos
don dos 		leis na dosa

Mutation

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Mutated forms of dos
radical lenition eclipsis
dos dhos ndos

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Kabuverdianu

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Kabuverdianu cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos

Etymology

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From Portuguese dois.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two (2)

Kristang

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Etymology

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From Portuguese dois, from Latin duo.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two

Ladino

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Etymology

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From Latin duōs, accusative of duo.

Numeral

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dos (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling דוס)

  1. two

Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *dōtis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis, from *deh₃- (“give”).[1] Doublet of dosis. Cognate with Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis), Sanskrit दिति (díti).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dōs f (genitive dōtis); third declension

  1. dowry
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.319–320:
      ‘saepe mihi Zephyrus ‘dōtēs corrumpere nōlī
      ipsa tuās’ dīxit: dōs mihi vīlis erat.’
      “Often Zephyrus said to me, ‘Don’t destroy your own dowry.’ My dowry was of no value to me.”
      (Flora (mythology) stopped caring for flowers when the early Romans neglected to worship her deity; Zephyrus, the west wind of spring, was her consort.)
  2. gift, endowment, talent

Declension

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Third-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative dōs dōtēs
genitive dōtis dōtum
dōtium
dative dōtī dōtibus
accusative dōtem dōtēs
ablative dōte dōtibus
vocative dōs dōtēs

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Catalan: dot
  • Dalmatian: duauta
  • French: dot
  • Galician: dote
  • Italian: dota, dote
  • Portuguese: dote
  • Sicilian: duti
  • Spanish: dote

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dō, dare (> Derivatives > dōs, -tis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 174-5

Further reading

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  • “dos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “dos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • dos in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to give a dowry to one's daughter: dotem filiae dare
  • “dos”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “dos”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Latvian

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Verb

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dos

  1. third-person singular/plural future indicative of dot

Malay

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Etymology 1

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From English dose.

Noun

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dos (Jawi spelling دوس, plural dos-dos, informal 1st possessive dosku, 2nd possessive dosmu, 3rd possessive dosnya)

  1. (except Indonesia) dose
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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From Dutch doos, from Middle Dutch dose (since 1361), probably from Latin dosis (“the small box in which a dose of medication was given”).

Noun

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dos (plural dos-dos, informal 1st possessive dosku, 2nd possessive dosmu, 3rd possessive dosnya)

  1. (Indonesia) carton, cardboard box
Alternative forms
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  • dus (Indonesia)

Further reading

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Middle Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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dos

  1. second-person singular imperative of mynet

Mutation

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Mutated forms of dos
radical soft nasal aspirate
dos ðos nos unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Norman

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Etymology

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From Old French dos, from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Noun

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dos m (plural dos)

  1. (Jersey, anatomy) back (of a person)

Northern Sami

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Determiner

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dōs

  1. locative singular of dōt

Occitan

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Occitan cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos
    Ordinal : dosen

Etymology

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From Latin duōs, accusative form of duo.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos m (feminine doas)

  1. two

Further reading

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  • Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎[5], 2 edition, →ISBN, page 360.

Old French

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Etymology

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From Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Noun

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dos oblique singular, m (oblique plural dos, nominative singular dos, nominative plural dos)

  1. (anatomy) back

Descendants

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  • French: dos
  • Norman: dos (Jersey)
  • Walloon: dos

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin duos, accusative of duo.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two (2)

Descendants

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Old Spanish

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Old Spanish cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos
    Ordinal : segundo

Alternative forms

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  • II (representation in Roman numerals)

Etymology

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From Latin duō.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos m (femenine duas)

  1. two

Descendants

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Papiamentu

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Papiamentu cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dos

Etymology

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From Portuguese dois and Spanish dos and Kabuverdianu dos.

Numeral

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dos

  1. two (2)

Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Contraction

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dos m pl

  2. Contraction of de os (“of/from the (masculine plural)”): masculine plural of do
    dos Santos
    of the Saints

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:do.

See also

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  • do (singular form)
  • das (feminine form)
  • da (singular feminine form)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum. Compare French dos and Romansch dies.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos n (plural dosuri)

  1. back
    Synonym: spate
  2. bottom, behind, buttocks
    Synonym: fund
  3. reverse
  4. backside, rear
  5. tails (on a coin)

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative dos dosul dosuri dosurile
genitive-dative dos dosului dosuri dosurilor
vocative dosule dosurilor
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Spanish

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Spanish numbers (edit)
20
 ←  1 2 3  → 
    Cardinal: dos
    Ordinal: segundo
    Ordinal abbreviation: 2.º
    Multiplier: doble
    Collective: ambos
    Fractional: medio, mitad
Spanish Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology

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Inherited from Latin duōs, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Cognates include Ancient Greek δύο (dúo), Old English twa (English two), Persian دو.

PIE word
*dwóh₁

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈd̪os]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Syllabification: dos

Numeral

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dos

  1. two

Derived terms

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See also

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Playing cards in Spanish · cartas (layout · text)
             
as dos tres cuatro cinco seis siete
             
ocho nueve diez sota reina rey comodín

Noun

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dos m pl

  1. plural of do

Further reading

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos c

  1. dose (of a pharmaceutical or drug)

Declension

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Declension of dos
nominative genitive
singular indefinite dos dos
definite dosen dosens
plural indefinite doser dosers
definite doserna dosernas

Further reading

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Tagalog

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Tagalog numbers (edit)
20
 ←  1 2 3  → 
    Cardinal: dalawa
    Spanish cardinal: dos
    Ordinal: ikalawa, pangalawa
    Spanish ordinal: segundo, segunda
    Ordinal abbreviation: ika-2, pang-2
    Adverbial: makalawa, makadalawa
    Multiplier: doble, dalawang ibayo
    Distributive: tigdalawa, dalawahan, dala-dalawa
    Restrictive: dadalawa
    Fractional: kalahati
Tagalog Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish dos (“two”).

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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dos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

  1. two
    Synonym: dalawa
    • 2017, Curtis McFarland, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, Diksyunaryong Monolingwal sa Filipino: (Monolingual Dictionary in Filipino)‎[6]:
      Ang dos na bilang ay suwerte para sa kanya.
      The number two is lucky for him.

Derived terms

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Noun

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dos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

  1. (card games) two (card)

Further reading

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  • “dos”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Walloon

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Etymology

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From Old French dos, from Vulgar Latin *dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos m

  1. (anatomy) back

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from English dose.

Noun

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dos f (plural dosys)

  1. (medicine) dose
    Synonyms: dogn, mesur
  2. share, portion
    Synonym: cyfran

Etymology 2

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Noun

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dos m

  1. (rare except in derived terms) drip, drop
    Synonyms: dafn, defnyn, diferyn
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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dos

  1. (North Wales) second-person singular imperative of mynd
    Synonym: (South Wales) cer

Mutation

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Mutated forms of dos
radical soft nasal aspirate
dos ddos nos unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dos”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

White Hmong

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hmong *ɢləŋᴮ (“vegetables in the genus Allium”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dos (classifier: lub)

  1. (small) onion, leek

References

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  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎[7], SEAP Publications, →ISBN.
  1. ^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 274.

Zazaki

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Noun

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dos

  1. (anatomy) back (of a person)
  2. (in the plural) backs (of persons)
  3. (swimming) backstroke
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