Wiktionary

gift

See also: Gift and GIFT

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English gift (also yift, yifte, ȝift, ȝeft), partly from Old English ġift (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Equivalent to give +‎ -th (etymologically yive + -th).

Cognate with West Frisian jefte (“gift”), Saterland Frisian Gift (“gift”), German Low German Gift (“poison”), Dutch gift (“gift”) and its doublet gif (“poison”), German Gift (“poison”), Danish gift (“gift (obsolete); poison, venom”), Swedish gift (“gift, poison, venom”), Icelandic gift (“gift”). Doublet of yift.

Pronunciation

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  • (US, UK) enPR: gĭft, IPA(key): /ɡɪft/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪft

Noun

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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gift (plural gifts)

  1. Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
    • 1965, Frank Herbert, Dune‎[1] (Science Fiction), New York: Ace Books, →OCLC, page 48‎[2]:
      “I thank you for the gift, Dr. Yueh,” Paul said, speaking formally. “It will be our secret. If there is a gift or favor you wish from me, please do not hesitate to ask.”
      "I . . . need for nothing," Yueh said.
    • 2021 October 20, “Stop & Examine”, in RAIL, number 942, page 71:
      She bought the model as a surprise gift for a friend who is a lifelong HST fan and railwayman, and who will soon be celebrating a milestone birthday.
  2. A talent or natural ability.
    She had a gift for playing the flute.
    • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      “ […] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
  3. Something gained incidentally, without effort.
  4. The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing.
    The office is in the gift of the President.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Japanese: ギフト (gifuto)

Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Verb

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gift (third-person singular simple present gifts, present participle gifting, simple past and past participle gifted)

  1. (transitive) To give as a gift or donation.
  2. (transitive) To give away, to concede easily.
    • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport‎[3]:
      Chelsea threw away two points when substitute Salomon Kalou gifted Valencia a penalty five minutes from time with a needless handball.
    • 2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 440:
      They drove on, every rise in the road lifting their sightline clear of the drystone dykes along the roadside, gifting glimpses of the firth and the islands, the blue peaks of Arran.

Synonyms

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Translations

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Anagrams

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Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡift/, [ɡ̊ifd̥]

Etymology 1

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From German Gift (“poison”). Similar to the archaic gift (“gift”), a verbal noun to give (“to give”).

Noun

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gift c (singular definite giften, plural indefinite gifte)

  1. poison (substance harmful to a living organism)
  2. venom (poison carried by an animal)
Inflection
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Declension of gift
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative gift giften gifte giftene
genitive gifts giftens giftes giftenes
Derived terms
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Synonyms

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See also

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Etymology 2

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Originally the past participle of gifte (“marry”).

Adjective

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gift

  1. married
Inflection
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Inflection of gift
Positive Comparative Superlative
Indefinte common singular gift — —2
Indefinite neuter singular gift — —2
Plural gifte — —2
Definite attributive1 gifte — —
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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gift

  1. imperative of gifte
  2. past participle of gifte

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch gifte, from Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Equivalent to geven (“to give”) +‎ -t (“verbal noun”).

The words gif and vergif, both meaning “poison”, derive from the same source as gift. The sense “poison” may have originated as a shortening of vergift or may have been borrowed from German Gift.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gift f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)

  1. donation; something given (away) voluntarily
    Synonyms: cadeau, geschenk, schenking

Derived terms

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Noun

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gift n or f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)

  1. (dated) poison
    Synonyms: gif, venijn, vergif, vergift

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Adjective

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gift (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) poisonous, toxic, venomous
    Synonym: giftig

Declension

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Declension of gift
uninflected gift
inflected gifte
comparative —
positive
predicative/adverbial gift
indefinite m./f. sing. gifte
n. sing. gift
plural gifte
definite gifte
partitive gifts
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Faroese

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Etymology

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From German Gift.

Noun

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gift f (genitive singular giftar, uncountable)

  1. poison

Declension

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Declension of gift (singular only)
f2s singular
indefinite definite
nominative gift giftin
accusative gift giftina
dative gift giftini
genitive giftar giftarinnar

Synonyms

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Adjective

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gift

  1. married, female form of giftur
    • Ert tú gift?
      Are you (f) married?

Declension

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Declension of gift (a5)
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative giftur gift gift
Accusative giftan gifta gift
Dative giftum giftari giftum
Genitive gifts giftar/
giftrar 		gifts
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative giftir giftar gift
Accusative giftar giftar gift
Dative giftum giftum giftum
Genitive gifta/
giftra 		gifta/
giftra 		gifta/
giftra

Icelandic

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Etymology

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From Old Norse gipt, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gift f (genitive singular giftar, nominative plural giftir)

  1. (obsolete) gift
    Synonym: gjöf

Declension

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    Declension of gift
f-s2 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative gift giftin giftir giftirnar
accusative gift giftina giftir giftirnar
dative gift giftinni giftum giftunum
genitive giftar giftarinnar gifta giftanna
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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Noun

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gift f or m (definite singular gifta or giften, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)

  1. poison (substance harmful to a living organism)

Derived terms

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Adjective

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gift (neuter singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)

  1. married

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Verb

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gift

  1. imperative of gifte

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse gipt.

Noun

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gift f (definite singular gifta, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)

  1. poison
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Past participle of gifta.

Adjective

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gift (indefinite singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)

  1. married

Participle

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gift (definite singular and plural gifte)

  1. past participle of gifta and gifte
Alternative forms
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Verb

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gift

  1. imperative of gifta and gifte
  2. supine of gifta and gifte

References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Cognate with Old Frisian jeft, Old Saxon *gift (in sundargift (“privilege”, literally “special gift”)), Dutch gift, Old High German gift (German Gift), Old Norse gipt (> English gift), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍆𐍄𐍃 (fragifts).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ġift f

  1. marriage payment, dowry
  2. (in the plural and in compounds) wedding, marriage
    • c. 992, Ælfric, "The Twenty-first Sunday after Pentecost"
      Þāðā hí noldon cuman to ðam ġiftum, ða sende hé eft, þus cweðende, "Secgað ðam gelaðodum, Efne, ic ġeġearcode mīne gōd, ic ofslóh mine fearras, and mine gemæstan fugelas, and ealle mine ðing ic ġearcode: cumað to þam ġiftum."
      When they would not come to the marriage, he sent again, thus saying, "Say to those who are invited, Behold, I have prepared my meats, I have slain my oxen and my fatted fowls, and have prepared all my things: come to the marriage."

Declension

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Declension of ġift (strong i-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative ġift ġifte, ġifta
accusative ġift, ġifte ġifte, ġifta
genitive ġifte ġifta
dative ġifte ġiftum

Descendants

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Swedish

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FWOTD – 2 July 2017

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From German Gift (“poison”), from Middle High German gift f (“gift, present”), Old High German gift f (“gift”), from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz, which is a derivation of *gebaną (“to give”).

Noun

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gift n

  1. poison, venom, toxin (toxic substance)
    Hyponyms: etter, toxin
    • 1968, Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag, published 1991, →ISBN, page 126:
      Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
      "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
Declension
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Declension of gift
nominative genitive
singular indefinite gift gifts
definite giftet giftets
plural indefinite gifter gifters
definite gifterna gifternas
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Swedish gipt, from Old Norse gipta (“give away in marriage”), from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.

Adjective

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gift (not comparable)

  1. married
    Synonym: äkta
    ett gift par ― a married couple
    Han är gift sedan tre år.
    He's been married for three years.
    • 1968, Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag, published 1991, →ISBN, page 126:
      Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
      "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
Declension
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Inflection of gift
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular gift — —
Neuter singular gift — —
Plural gifta — —
Masculine plural3 gifte — —
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 gifte — —
All gifta — —
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Participle

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gift

  1. past participle of gifta

Verb

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gift

  1. inflection of gifta:
    1. imperative
    2. supine

References

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