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LHC cryogenics – new experience of run with increased beam energy and intensity
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Claudet, S (CERN) ; Delikaris, D (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Rogez, E (CERN) ; Tavian, L (CERN)
After the LHC first long shut down (LS1), when necessary consolidation and maintenance activities were performed on different technical systems, the Large Hadron Collider was progressively cooled down from ambient to operation temperatures from May of 2014. Prior to physics run with increased beam energy to 6.5 TeV/beam, increased beam intensity and modified beam injection scheme, several qualifications and tests affecting cryogenic system have been performed to ensure stable run of the accelerator. [...]
2017 - 9 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 171 (2017) 012156
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 26th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2016, New Delhi, India, 7 - 11 Mar 2016, pp.012156
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LHC cryogenics – Run2 (2015) summary and perspectives
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Claudet, S (CERN) ; Delikaris, D (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Rogez, E (CERN) ; Tavian, L (CERN)
After LS1 the LHC cryogenic installation was progressively restarted from May
2014. Cool down, multiple tests and qualifications of the machine components
lasts for 10 months. [...]
Geneva : CERN, 2016 - 6 p.
- Published in : (2016) , pp. 33-38
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 6th Evian Workshop on LHC beam operation, Evian Les Bains, France, 15 - 17 Dec 2015, pp.33-38
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Main improvements of LHC Cryogenics Operation during Run 2 (2015-2018)
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Hafi, K (CERN) ; Herblin, L (CERN) ; Rogez, E (CERN) ; Suraci, A (CERN)
After the successful Run 1 (2010-2012), the LHC entered its first Long Shutdown period (LS1, 2013-2014). During LS1 the LHC cryogenic system went under a complete maintenance and consolidation program. [...]
2017 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 278 (2017) 012098
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 2017 Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Madison, WI, USA, 9 - 13 Jul 2017, pp.012098
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LHC Cryogenics - Strategy, unavailability root causes and limitations (RUN 2016)
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Claudet, S (CERN) ; Delikaris, D (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Rogez, E (CERN)
Run2 (2016) is considered as very successful year. The cryogenic availability indicated by Cryo Maintain (CM) interlock reached the level of 98.6 %. [...]
Geneva : CERN, 2017 - 4 p.
- Published in : (2017) , pp. 69-72
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 7th Evian Workshop on LHC beam operation, Evian Les Bains, France, 13 - 15 Dec 2016, pp.69-72
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Cryogenic operational experience from the LHC physics run2 (2015 – 2018 inclusive)
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN)
With end of year 2018 the LHC has completed its second physics run and started its second two-years long shut down period dedicated to planned consolidation, maintenance and upgrade activities. The run2 – four-year physics operation period started in spring 2015 – was used mainly for luminosity production but also to allow the optimization and adaptability of the cryogenic system capacity to compensate for generated operational heat loads. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012096
External link: Published fulltext
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012096
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Adaptation of the Cryogenic System Capacity for the LHC Dynamic Heat Load - Operational Experience
/ Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Claudet, Serge (CERN) ; Delikaris, Dimitri (CERN) ; Delprat, Laurent (CERN) ; Ferlin, Gerard (CERN)
During second LHC physics operation period (Run2), between 2015 and 2018, the accelerator operation modes and beam parameters have been adapted thus allowing significantly improved integrated luminosity production. Increased energy, intensity and adapted beam operation schemes with 25 ns of inter-bunches spacing have an essential influence on the dynamic heat load generation with direct impact on the cryogenic cooling system. [...]
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF073
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.WEPMF073
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Cryogenics Experience during Run 2 and impact of LS2 on next run
/ Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Pezzetti, M (CERN)
The first part of the presentation will summarize the overall cryogenic
performance and availability for Run 2. Main evolutions and effects on the
cryogenic system during Run 2 will be presented. [...]
2019 - 6 p.
- Published in : , pp. 85-90
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th LHC Operations Evian Workshop, Evian Les Bains, France, 30 Jan - 1 Feb 2019, pp.85-90
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Failure Mechanism and Consolidation of the Compensation Bellows of the LHC Cryogenic Distribution Line
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Cruikshank, P (CERN) ; Fournel, J L (Air Liquide, Sassenage) ; Tavian, L (CERN) ; Veillet, N (Serco, St. Genis-Pouilly)
In the beginning of the year 2013, after the first three years of operation, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was progressively emptied from helium and warmed up to ambient temperature in order to perform, during its first long shutdown, all necessary consolidation and maintenance of the different technical systems. During the warm-up, six helium leaks were declared on the cryogenic distribution line (QRL). [...]
2015 - 6 p.
- Published in : Phys. Procedia 67 (2015) 129-134
Elsevier Open Access article: PDF;
In : 25th International Cryogenic Conference & International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2014, Twente U., Enschede, The Netherlands, 07 - 11 Jul 2014, pp.129-134
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Design, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning of the Cryogenic Infrastructure for a New Superconducting RF Test Facility with Beam at CERN
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Claudet, S (CERN) ; Derking, H (CERN)
The High-Luminosity LHC project (HL–LHC), aiming at peak luminosity above 5.0 × 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, considers replacing the matching sections on both sides of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. To complement new focusing quadrupoles, this upgrade considers using the so-called superconducting crab cavities, never operated before with protons and therefore requiring qualification with beam. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012145
External link: Published Fulltext
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012145
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