IBM Global Services
Online Programming Example
Online Programming Example | Dec-2008 © 2005 IBM Corporation
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Objectives
The participants will be able to:
Create an online program
Use the object navigator
Maintain the
Screen attributes
Screen layout
Field attributes
Flow logic
ABAP modules
Global data
Recognize screen to program data transport
Execute an online program
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Overview
In this chapter, we will create a simple online program. This program will
calculate a player’s scoring average.
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Creating an Online Program
Online program name
must begin with “SAPM”
and then either a “Y” or
“Z”.
Title
“With TOP INCL.”
should be checked.
Type “MODULE”
Go back to Repository
Browser, not source Application
code.
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Object Navigator
Main Program
** SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG **
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGTOP.
Top Include
** MY220_PLAYER_AVGTOP - Include Program **
PROGRAM SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG.
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Online Program Components
In the online program’s hierarchy list in the Object Navigator, double-click on the
program name and then single click on the icon “other objects(shift+F5)”
application toolbar to create program components.
Enter a screen number
and click on the
‘Create’(F5)
pushbutton.
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Screen Attributes
For each screen you create, you must maintain the Screen Attributes in the
Screen Painter. There are two required fields in the Screen Attributes section.
Screen Painter
Screen Attributes
Short Description Screen Type Next Screen
Required Required Optional
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Screen Layout
Screen Painter
Fullscreen Editor
Text fields are
Player_Average
created with
character
strings. Total_Points ______
Use an Total_Games ______
Input/output
underscore to templates are
link words into created with
one text field. underscores.
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Field Attributes
Screen Painter
Element List
Field name, Input and output
not text Field format
turned “on”
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Flow Logic
The Flow Logic refers to the code behind the screens and it is maintained in the
Screen Painter. Each screen has its own Flow Logic which is divided into two
main events PBO AND PAI.
Screen Painter
Flow Logic
Screen 9000
Flow ABAP module to clear
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.
Logic all fields before
MODULE INITIALIZE. screen is displayed.
Command
PROCESS AFTER INPUT. ABAP module to
MODULE CALCULATE. calculate average
after user has entered
values and clicked
‘Enter’.
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ABAP Modules
Main Program PBO Module
** SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG ** ** MY220_PLAYER_AVGO01 - Include
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGTOP. Program **
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGO01. MODULE INITIALIZE OUTPUT.
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGI01. CLEAR: POINTS, GAMES, AVERAGE
ENDMODULE.
PAI Module
The fields POINTS, GAMES, ** MY220_PLAYER_AVGI01 - Include Program **
and AVERAGE need to be MODULE CALCULATE INPUT.
defined as global data.
CHECK GAMES <> 0.
AVERAGE = POINTS / GAMES.
ENDMODULE.
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Global Data
Main Program
It is important that these program
** SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG ** fields are named the same as the
screen fields so automatic data
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGTOP. transport will occur between the
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGO01. screen work area and program work
INCLUDE MY220_PLAYER_AVGI01. area.
Top Include
** MY220_PLAYER_AVGTOP - Include Program **
PROGRAM SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG.
DATA: POINTS TYPE I,
GAMES TYPE I,
AVERAGE TYPE P
DECIMALS 2.
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Screen to Program Data Transport
When the PAI event is triggered, values are
transported from the screen work area to
the program fields with the same names
before any PAI modules are executed.
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Executing an Online Program
To execute an online program, you must create a transaction code. You cannot
use the ‘F8’ key or “Program > Execute” menu path to execute an online program.
Transaction Code
Transaction Text Program Name Initial Screen
Required Required Required
SAPMY220_PLAYER_AVG 9000
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Demonstration
Creation of an online program to display a player’s scoring average.
Two screens are required to be created for this program .
The first screen takes the total points and the number of games as input.
The scoring average is output in the next screen.
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Practice
Creation of an online program to display a player’s scoring average.
Two screens are required to be created for this program .
The first screen takes the total points and the number of games as input.
The scoring average is output in the next screen.
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Summary
When you create an online program, its name must begin with “SAPM” and then
either a “Y” or “Z”. The last characters in the program “SAPMzaaa...” can be
letters or numbers.
The program type is “M” for module pool. This type “M” will automatically be
defaulted for you if your program name begins with “SAPM”.
In the Object Navigator, you can double-click on the online program name to see
the program’s hierarchy of sub-objects (components). From this hierarchy list, you
can create all the components of the online program by double-clicking on the
“Program object types” branch (see next slide).
For each screen you create, you must maintain the Screen Attributes in the
Screen Painter.
You maintain the physical layout of a screen in the Fullscreen Editor of the
Screen Painter.
Use the Element List tab for the screen to name the screen fields.
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Summary (Contd.)
The Flow Logic refers to the code behind the screens and it is maintained in the
Screen Painter.
The PBO and PAI modules contain the main processing logic of the online
program and are “called” from within the Flow Logic of the screens with the
MODULE command.
The global data for an online program is declared in the Top Include program.
When the PAI event is triggered, values are transported from the screen work
area to the program fields with the same names before any PAI modules are
executed.
To execute an online program, you must create a transaction code. You cannot
use the ‘F8’ key or “Program -> Execute” menu path to execute an online
program.
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Questions
Screen 9000 Screen 9001
PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT. PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.
MODULE INITIALISE. MODULE CALCULATE.
PROCESS AFTER INPUT. PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
MODULE CALCULATE.
We could have calculated the player’s average in the PBO of screen 9001.
Why is it better to do the calculation in the PAI of screen 9000 instead of the
PBO of screen 9001?
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