Sample Programs on Lists, Tuples, Sets, and Dictionaries:

1. Find the smallest and largest elements of a list

# creating an empty list

res_list = []

# prompting for the number of elements

num = int(input("How many elements in list? :"))

#loop to append each element entered by user to res_list

for x in range(num):

numbers = int(input('Enter number '))

res_list.append(numbers)

print("\nMaximum element in the list is :", max(res_list))

print("Minimum element in the list is :", min(res_list))

2. using list slicing to split the list to half

List1 = [1,'ABC', 2, 3, 'abc', 'XYZ', 4]

#offset of middle element is 2

print("The first half of the list", List1[:3])

print("The second half of the list", List1[3:])

3. swapping first & last items of a list - using indexing

List1 = ['XYZ', 'ABC', 'xyz', 'abc']

print("Original List:", str(List1))

List1[0], List1[-1] = List1[-1], List1[0]

#updated list

print("List after swapping:", str(List1))

4. Program to demonstrate negative indexing

languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++']

# access the last item

print('languages[-1] =', languages[-1])
 # access the third last item
print('languages[-3] =', languages[-3])

5. Adding element at specific index in a list:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
print("Original List:", fruits)

fruits.insert(2, 'cherry')

print("Updated List:", fruits)

6. Program to find number of elements (length) of list:

cars = ['BMW', 'Mercedes', 'Tesla']

print('Total Elements:', len(cars))

7. Iterating through a List:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']

# iterate through the list

for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

8. Sample program on Tuple

cars = ('BMW', 'Tesla', 'Ford', 'Toyota')

# trying to modify a tuple

cars[0] = 'Nissan' # error

print(cars)

9. Iterating through Tuple:

fruits = ('apple','banana','orange')

# iterate through the tuple

for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

10. Converting Tuple to String:

tup = ('e', 'x', 'e', 'r', 'c', 'i', 's', 'e', 's')
# Use the 'join' method to concatenate the characters in the tuple without any spaces and create
a single string
str = ''.join(tup)
print(str)

11. Python program to get 4th Element from Tuple:

tuplex = ("w", 3, "r", "e", "s", "o", "u", "r", "c", "e")
print(tuplex)

# Get the 4th element of the tuple (index 3)

item = tuplex[3]
print(item)

# Get the 4th element from the end of the tuple (index -4)
 item1 = tuplex[-4]
print(item1)

12. Example program to demonstrate creation of Sets

# create a set of integer type
student_id = {112, 114, 116, 118, 115}
print('Student ID:', student_id)

# create a set of string type

vowel_letters = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'}
print('Vowel Letters:', vowel_letters)

# create a set of mixed data types

mixed_set = {'Hello', 101, -2, 'Bye'}
print('Set of mixed data types:', mixed_set)

13. Creating an empty set in Python:

Creating an empty set is a bit tricky. Empty curly braces {} will make an empty dictionary in
Python.
To make a set without any elements, we use the set() function without any argument.
# create an empty set
empty_set = set()

# create an empty dictionary

empty_dictionary = { }

# check data type of empty_set

print('Data type of empty_set:', type(empty_set))

# check data type of dictionary_set

print('Data type of empty_dictionary:', type(empty_dictionary))

14. Adding items to set in Python:

numbers = {21, 34, 54, 12}

print('Initial Set:',numbers)

# using add() method

numbers.add(32)

print('Updated Set:', numbers)

15. Remove an element from Set:

languages = {'Swift', 'Java', 'Python'}

print('Initial Set:',languages)

# remove 'Java' from a set

removedValue = languages.discard('Java')

print('Set after remove():', languages)

16. Program to create a dictionary:

# creating a dictionary
country_capitals = {
 "Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
"England": "London"
}

# printing the dictionary

print(country_capitals)

17. Program to demonstrate how to access Dictionary:

country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
"England": "London"
}

# access the value of keys

print(country_capitals["Germany"]) # Output: Berlin
print(country_capitals["England"]) # Output: London

18. Adding items to a Dictionary:

country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
}

# add an item with "Italy" as key and "Rome" as its value

country_capitals["Italy"] = "Rome"

print(country_capitals)

19. Removing Dictionary Items:

country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
}

# delete item having "Germany" key

del country_capitals["Germany"]

print(country_capitals)

If we need to remove all items from a dictionary at once, we can use the clear() method.
country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
}

# clear the dictionary

country_capitals.clear()

print(country_capitals)

20. Changing Dictionary Items:

country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
 "Italy": "Naples",
"England": "London"
}

# change the value of "Italy" key to "Rome"

country_capitals["Italy"] = "Rome"

print(country_capitals)

21. Iterating through Dictionary:

country_capitals = {
"United States": "Washington D.C.",
"Italy": "Rome"
}

# print dictionary keys one by one

for country in country_capitals:
print(country)

print()

# print dictionary values one by one

for country in country_capitals:
capital = country_capitals[country]
print(capital)

22. Finding Dictionary Length:

country_capitals = {"England": "London", "Italy": "Rome"}

# get dictionary's length

print(len(country_capitals)) # Output: 2

numbers = {10: "ten", 20: "twenty", 30: "thirty"}

# get dictionary's length

print(len(numbers)) # Output: 3

countries = {}

# get dictionary's length

print(len(countries)) # Output: 0
Lab-05:

import random

n=int(input("Enter number of times to get random numbers: "))

a,b=map(int,input("Enter range: ").split())

lis=list()

ran=dict()

for i in range (n):

lis.append(random.randint(a,b))

for i in lis:

ran[i]=lis.count(i)

print("Random numbers generated: ",lis)

print("Occurence of each element: ",ran)

Lab-07:

emp=dict()

n=int(input("enter the no. of employees:"))

for i in range(n):

print()

eno=int(input("Enter employee no:"))

ename=input("Enter employee name: ")

emp[eno]=list()

emp[eno].append(ename)

print("Employee details:")

print(emp)

print()

for i in emp:

hrs=int(input("Enter no. of hours worked:"))

if hrs>40:

overtime=hrs-40

otpay=overtime*12

else:

overtime=0

otpay=0

emp[i].extend([overtime,otpay])

print("Updated employee details: ")

print("Emp no\t\tdetails (Name,overtime,otpay)")

for i in emp:

print(i,"\t\t",emp[i])

Lab-09:

import random

b=set()

count=0

for i in range(10):

r=random.randint(15,45)

b.add(r)

print("Elements in the set: ",b)

for i in set(b):

if(i<=30):

count+=1

elif(i>35):

b.remove(i)

print("Elements after deteleing >35: ",b)

print("Count of no. <30 = ",count)

Lab-10:

def fact(x):

if x<1:

return 1

else:

return x*fact(x-1)

n=int(input("Enter no. of elements: "))

lis=list()

print("Enter elements: ")

for i in input().split(" "):

lis.append(int(i))

fac=list(map(fact,lis))

print("Entered no's are: ",lis)

print("Corresponding factorial no's are: ",fac)