Overviews of Clinical Microbial Infection

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2024) | Viewed by 10189

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: clinical infection; antibiotics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Overviews of Clinical Microbial Infection" highlights clinically relevant critical infections, including drug-resistant bacterial infections, bloodstream infections, viral infections, etc.

The research presented in this issue will provide valuable insights into the epidemic and the treatment and prevention of critical infectious diseases, including healthcare-associated infections, and highlight the need for further research into this important area.

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality manuscripts (research articles, case reports, short communication, and reviews). We look forward to receiving your important contributions.

Dr. Vassiliki Pitiriga
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • infection
  • infectious disease
  • clinical

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 717 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of HPV Genotypes among Greek Women in Association with Their Potential to Cause Precancerous Lesions
by Athanasia Kafasi, Georgios Kaparos, Vassiliki C. Pitiriga, Nikolaos Spanakis, Nikolaos Vlachos, Nikolaos Thomakos, Stamatios Stournaras and Athanasios Tsakris
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1404; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071404 - 11 Jul 2024
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Abstract
The escalating global rates of precancerous lesions associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types not targeted by current vaccines underscore the need to explore the prevalence of HPV types within the Greek female population and their involvement in precancerous lesion development. In the current [...] Read more.
The escalating global rates of precancerous lesions associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types not targeted by current vaccines underscore the need to explore the prevalence of HPV types within the Greek female population and their involvement in precancerous lesion development. In the current study, we enrolled a cohort of 253 women aged 18 to 65 years, residing in Greece, who underwent routine screening in three tertiary care referral hospitals. Each participant completed a demographic questionnaire. An HPV DNA test was administered using the VisionArray® HPV kit (ZytoVision GmbH) to qualitatively detect and genotype 41 clinically relevant HPV genotypes. Of all 253 women examined, 114 (45.1%) tested positive for HPV DNA. The primary type detected was HPV51 (high-risk), present in 21 women (8.3% of the total), followed by HPV54 (low-risk) in 17 women (6.7%); HPV16 (high-risk) ranked third, identified in 14 women (5.5%). Among the HPV-positive women, 65 were positive for high-risk HPV types (57% of HPV-positive women) and were referred for colposcopy and cervical biopsy. These procedures identified 24 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (CIN1) lesions and 2 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2) lesions. The most prevalent HPV type among women with CIN1 lesions was HPV16, found in nine (37.5%) women, while HPV51 ranked second, identified in six (25%) women. Both women with CIN2 lesions tested positive for HPV16, whereas one of them was also tested positive for HPV45. Our study is the first to report the prevalence of HPV51 among HPV-positive women in the Greek female population. This highlights the need for further research to fully understand the potential of HPV types not covered by current vaccines, such as HPV51, to cause high-grade lesions or cervical cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Overviews of Clinical Microbial Infection)
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Review

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16 pages, 1263 KiB  
Review
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Literature Review
by Mihnea Miron, Mihaela Blaj, Anca Irina Ristescu, Gabriel Iosep, Andrei-Nicolae Avădanei, Diana-Gabriela Iosep, Radu Crișan-Dabija, Alexandra Ciocan, Mihaela Perțea, Carmen Doina Manciuc, Ștefana Luca, Cristina Grigorescu and Mihaela Cătălina Luca
Microorganisms 2024, 12(1), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010213 - 20 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 8494
Abstract
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and its subtype, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), remain two significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, etiology, risk factors, preventive methods (bundle of care principles) and supportive care. Prior detection of the risk factors [...] Read more.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and its subtype, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), remain two significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, etiology, risk factors, preventive methods (bundle of care principles) and supportive care. Prior detection of the risk factors combined with a clear clinical judgement based on clinical scores and dosage of different inflammatory biomarkers (procalcitonin, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myelloid cells type 1, C-reactive protein, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide) represent the cornerstones of a well-established management plan by improving patient’s outcome. This review article provides an overview of the newly approved terminology considering nosocomial pneumonia, as well as the risk factors, biomarkers, diagnostic methods and new treatment options that can guide the management of this spectrum of infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Overviews of Clinical Microbial Infection)
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