An Investigation into Sustainable Solutions: Utilizing Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells as an Eco-Friendly Alternative for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Chemical Compositions of Semiconductor Wastewater
2.2. Hydration of CaO from Calcined Oyster Shell and Limestone
2.3. SEM Images for Quick and Hydrated Lime
2.4. Particle Distribution of Hydrated Lime
2.5. Mineralogical Properties of Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells
2.6. Fluoride Removal of Hydrated Lime
2.6.1. Comparative Results for Oyster Shell and Limestone
2.6.2. pH Variations of Hydrated Lime Produced from Oyster Shells and Limestones
2.6.3. Effects of the Ca/F Molar Ratio
2.7. Mineralogical Characteristics of the Recovered Solid
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Preparation of Hydrated Lime
3.2. Experiment for Fluoride Removal
3.3. Analytical Methods
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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pH | Ca2+ | Mg2+ | Na+ | K+ | F− | Cl− | NO3− | PO43− | SO42− |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−) | (mg/L) | ||||||||
1.841 | 100.7 | 3.79 | 608.6 | 3.97 | 3286 | 145 | 3994 | 3942 | 15,835 |
Anionic Species | Sample ID | Ca/F Molar Ratio | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ca/F = 0.5 | Ca/F = 1.0 | Ca/F = 1.5 | Ca/F = 2.0 | Ca/F = 2.5 | ||
F− | Oyster_325 | 40.3 | 51.3 | N.A | N.A | 99.8 |
Oyster_500 | 95.1 | 95.4 | 95.7 | 99.3 | N.A | |
Limestone_500 | 97.3 | 95.3 | 98.9 | 100 | N.A | |
Cl− | Oyster_325 | −14.8 | 0.0 | N.A | N.A | 23.1 |
Oyster_500 | 97.8 | 98.0 | 97.9 | 98.3 | N.A | |
Limestone_500 | 98.2 | 97.9 | 98.2 | 97.4 | N.A | |
PO43− | Oyster_325 | 19.2 | 19.8 | N.A | N.A | 100 |
Oyster_500 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | N.A | |
Limestone_500 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 100 | N.A | |
NO3− | Oyster_325 | 16.6 | 24.5 | N.A | N.A | 59.2 |
Oyster_500 | 99.4 | 99.5 | 99.5 | 99.4 | N.A | |
Limestone_500 | 99.5 | 99.5 | 99.4 | 97.7 | N.A | |
SO42− | Oyster_325 | 30.6 | 81.0 | N.A | N.A | 93.2 |
Oyster_500 | 98.6 | 99.2 | 99.7 | 99.6 | N.A | |
Limestone_500 | 98.5 | 99.4 | 99.5 | 98.3 | N.A |
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Lee, H.-J.; Lee, S.-E.; Kim, S. An Investigation into Sustainable Solutions: Utilizing Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells as an Eco-Friendly Alternative for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment. Recycling 2024, 9, 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9040061
Lee H-J, Lee S-E, Kim S. An Investigation into Sustainable Solutions: Utilizing Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells as an Eco-Friendly Alternative for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment. Recycling. 2024; 9(4):61. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9040061
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hye-Jin, Sang-Eun Lee, and Seokhwi Kim. 2024. "An Investigation into Sustainable Solutions: Utilizing Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells as an Eco-Friendly Alternative for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment" Recycling 9, no. 4: 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9040061