Nanotechnology for Pain Management
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. Nanotechnology-Based Transporters
3.2. Nanotechnology-Based Devices/Patches
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Keyword | Study | Authors | # Patients | Treatment vs. Comparison | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DepoDur™ | Forty-Eight Hours of Postoperative Pain Relief after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) | Viscusi et al. (2005) [53] | 200 | 15, 20, or 25 mg DepoDur™ vs. saline | All dosages reduced fentanyl use (510 ± 708 vs. 2091 ± 1803 microg) and delayed time to first dose of fentanyl (21.3 vs. 3.6 h). |
A Comparison of DepoDur™ to Standard Epidural Morphine for Pain Relief After Lower Abdominal Surgery | Gambling et al. (2005) [54] | 541 | 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25 mg of single-dose DepoDur™ vs. 5 mg of standard epidural morphine sulfate | Patients who received 10, 20, or 25 mg single doses used significantly less intravenous fentanyl through 48 h postoperatively. | |
Exparel™ | Exparel™ for Postoperative Pain Management: A Comprehensive Review | Kaye et al. (2020) [56] | Review | Liposomal bupivacaine vs. standard local anesthetic or placebo | Liposomal bupivacaine provided prolonged analgesia and opioid-sparing effect compared to placebo. |
The Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine for Opioid and Pain Reduction: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials | Ji et al. (2021) [57] | 6770 | Liposomal bupivacaine vs. other active agents or placebo | Out of 77 identified trials, liposomal bupivacaine did not demonstrate better pain relief in 74.58% of trials compared to other active agents or placebo. It did not show reduction in opioid consumption in 85.71% of trials. | |
Liposomal Bupivacaine in Adductor Canal Block (ACB) before Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) | Malige et al. (2022) [58] | 100 | Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc with 5 cc of 0.5% bupivacaine in ACB and 20 cc of 0.2% ropivacaine in iPACK block vs. 25 cc of 0.2% ropivacaine in ACB and 20 cc of 0.2% ropivacaine in iPACK block | Subjects receiving liposomal bupivacaine had shorter hospital stays compared to the ropivacaine group (36.3 vs. 49.7 h). Liposomal bupivacaine decreased pain and reduced inpatient opioid consumption compared to ropivacaine group (40.9 vs. 47.3 MME/d). | |
Zynrelef™ | HTX-011 Reduced Pain Intensity and Opioid Consumption versus Bupivacaine HCl in Bunionectomy: Phase III Results from the Randomized EPOCH 1 Study Bupivacaine/Meloxicam Prolonged Release: A Review in Postoperative Pain | Viscusi et al. (2019) [61] | 412 subjects undergoing bunionectomy | Bupivacaine/meloxicam 60/1.8 mg vs. bupivacaine HCl 0.5% 50 mg vs. saline placebo 2.1 | Bupivacaine/meloxicam combination reduced pain intensity by 27% vs. saline placebo and 18% compared to bupivacaine. Opioid consumption was reduced by 37% in bupivacaine/meloxicam group vs. saline placebo and 25% vs. bupivacaine group. |
Study Bupivacaine/Meloxicam Prolonged Release: A Review in Postoperative Pain | Blair et al. (2021) [63] | Review of two randomized controlled trials on bunionectomy and herniorrhaphy | Bupivacaine/meloxicam vs. bupivacaine HCl vs. saline placebo | As part of non-opioid multimodal analgesia, bupivacaine/meloxicam improved pain control and reduced need for opioids in postoperative period. | |
Safety and Efficacy of Zynrelef™ in Combination with a Single Unilateral or Bilateral Nerve Block Performed Prior to Surgery | Goel et al. (2023) [64] | 184 | All received bupivacaine/meloxicam | No symptoms suggestive of local anesthetic toxicity were reported. Use of combination was associated with 50% reduction in number of patients filling their opioid prescriptions. |
Keyword | Study | Authors | # Patients | Treatment vs. Comparison | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nanocapacitor device/patch | Use of Nanocapacitors for the Control of Chronic Pain Observational study | Gudin et al. (2022) [65] | 148 | Kailo™ Pain Relieving Patch vs. no patch | Over 30 days, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) severity scores in the treatment group decreased by 61%, and the mean BPI interference score decreased by 61%.In contrast, in the control group, the BPI severity score increased by 23%, and the BPI interference score increased by 58%. |
Role of the NeuroCuple™ Device for the Postoperative Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Unilateral Primary Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty: A Pilot Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Study | Chelly et al. (2023) [66] | 69 | NeuroCuple device/patch vs. no device/patch | Patients who received the device/patch experienced lower pain levels at rest during postoperative days 1–3, with a 34% reduction in postoperative pain compared to patients without the device/patch, the standard of care. The use of the device/patch reduced the number of opioid refills by 52%. | |
Use of Nanotechnology as an Alternative to Opioids for Postoperative Pain Management Following TKA Case report | Chelly et al. (2023) [73] | 1 | The patient did not require any opioids postoperatively with the use of the nanocapacitor-based device/patch. |
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Chelly, J.E.; Goel, S.K.; Kearns, J.; Kopac, O.; Sadhasivam, S. Nanotechnology for Pain Management. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 2611. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092611
Chelly JE, Goel SK, Kearns J, Kopac O, Sadhasivam S. Nanotechnology for Pain Management. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(9):2611. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092611
Chicago/Turabian StyleChelly, Jacques E., Shiv K. Goel, Jeremy Kearns, Orkun Kopac, and Senthilkumar Sadhasivam. 2024. "Nanotechnology for Pain Management" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 9: 2611. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092611