An Illustrated Scoping Review of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Canine and Feline Brain Tumors
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Solitary Extra-Axial, Meningeal Based Lesions
3.1.1. Meningioma
3.1.2. Histiocytic Sarcoma (HS)
3.1.3. Lymphoma
3.1.4. Other Rarely Encountered Extra-Axial, Meningeal Based Neoplasms
3.2. Solitary Sellar and Parasellar Extra-Axial Mass Lesions
3.2.1. Sellar and Parasellar Mass Lesions of Pituitary Origin
3.2.2. Sellar and Parasellar Mass Lesions of Non-Pituitary Origin
3.3. Solitary Intra-Axial Mass Lesions
3.3.1. Gliomas (Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, Undefined Glioma)
3.3.2. Other Solitary Intra-Axial Tumors
3.4. Solitary Intraventricular Mass Lesions
3.4.1. Choroid Plexus Tumors
3.4.2. Ependymoma
3.5. Multifocal Intracranial Neoplastic Mass Lesions
3.5.1. Multifocal Intra-Axial Mass Lesions
3.5.2. Multifocal or Diffuse Intraventricular Lesions
3.5.3. Multifocal Lesions Involving Multiple Neuroanatomic Locations
3.6. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) Methods and Applications in Veterinary Neuro-Oncology
3.6.1. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
3.6.2. Perfusion Weighted Imaging
3.6.3. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS)
3.6.4. MRI-Based Radiomic Studies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MRI Feature | Feline Meningioma [9,26,41,49] (Proportion) * | Canine Meningioma [2,7,10,26,30,31,32,33,39,40,47,48,50,51,52,53,54] (Proportion) * | Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma [2,33,52,53,54,55,56] (Proportion) * |
---|---|---|---|
Predominant T1W Signal Intensity | |||
| 42% | 33% (12–82%) | 25% (17–100%) |
| 69% (58–100%) | 33% (12–88%) | 83% (75–100%) |
| NR | 19% (16–20%) | NR |
Predominant T2W Signal Intensity | |||
| 20% (9–33%) | 24% (12–44%) | 40% (14–50%) |
| 3% | 8% (2–14%) | 33% (29–50%) |
| 80% (76–88%) | 78% (44–100%) | 24% (17–47%) |
Predominant PDW Signal Intensity | |||
| 6% | 40% (12–68%) | 71% |
| 6% | 88% | NR |
| 88% | 66% (32–100%) | NR |
Contrast Enhancement Present | 100% | 100% (94–100%) | 100% (present in all cases) |
Contrast Enhancement Uniformity, Severity, Pattern | |||
| ~50% | 75% (39–78%) | 52% (43–60%) |
| ~50% | 61% (34–88%) | 39% (29–57%) |
| 91% | 86% (78–100%) | 69% (67–71%) |
| 9% | 17% (12–22%) | 31% (22–33%) |
| 12% | 11% (2–22%) | 14% (10–18%) |
Calvarial Hyperostosis Present | 73% | 25% (23–27%) | 12% |
Cystic Regions Present | 6% | 22% (13–32%) | 15% (12–17%) |
Dural Tail Present | 64% | 25% (22–91%) | 53% (29–100%) |
Mass Effect Present | 97% | 96% (75–100%) | 100% (present in all cases) |
Peritumoral Edema Present | 79%
| 89% (60–100%)
| 100% (92–100%)
|
MRI Feature and Study [Ref] | Tumor Type | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|
Oligodendroglioma Proportion | Astrocytoma Proportion | ||
Severe Peritumoral Edema | |||
| 21% | 40% | 0.0003 |
| 20% | 47% | 0.28 |
Smooth/Regular Margins | |||
| 81% | 79% | NR |
| 57% | 55% | 0.82 |
| 69% | 47% | 0.02 |
Surface Contact | |||
| 94% | 50% | 0.046 |
| 77% | 78% | 0.65 |
Ventricular Contact | |||
| 94% | 93% | 1.0 |
| 69% | 47% | 0.05 |
Ventricular Distortion | |||
| 84% | 66% | 0.006 |
| 88% | 92% | 0.82 |
T1W Hypointensity | |||
| 86% | 75% | 0.25 |
| 76% | 93% | 0.006 |
| 96% | 47% | <0.001 |
T2-FLAIR Mismatch [66] | 16% | 0% | <0.0001 |
Tumor Grade | |||
High-Grade c | Low-Grade | ||
Contrast Enhancement Present d | |||
| 87% | 20% | 0.008 |
| 78% | 53% | 0.0004 |
| 76% | 50% | 0.37 |
| 100% | 63% | 0.002 |
Intratumoral Cysts/Fluid f | |||
| 68% | 40% | 0.327 |
| 70% | 31% | <0.04 |
| 40% | 43% | 0.99 |
| 79% | 38% | 0.042 |
Invasion of adjacent brain | |||
| 75% | 29% | 0.02 |
T2-FLAIR Mismatch [66] e | 33% | 4% | 0.001 |
Extra-Axial, Meningeal Based Masses | Sellar/ Parasellar Masses | Intra-Axial Masses | Intraventricular Masses | Multiple Locations |
---|---|---|---|---|
Meningioma | Lymphoma | Brain metastases | Choroid plexus tumor with drop metastases | Lymphoma |
Lymphoma | Histiocytic sarcoma | Lymphoma | Glioma with drop metastases | Histiocytic sarcoma |
Histiocytic sarcoma | Meningioma | Histiocytic sarcoma | Lymphoma | Meningioma |
Brain Metastases | Brain Metastases | Glioma | ||
Distinct, synchronous tumors | Distinct, synchronous tumors | Distinct, synchronous tumors | Distinct, synchronous tumors | Distinct, synchronous tumors |
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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May, J.L.; Garcia-Mora, J.; Edwards, M.; Rossmeisl, J.H. An Illustrated Scoping Review of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Canine and Feline Brain Tumors. Animals 2024, 14, 1044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071044
May JL, Garcia-Mora J, Edwards M, Rossmeisl JH. An Illustrated Scoping Review of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Canine and Feline Brain Tumors. Animals. 2024; 14(7):1044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071044
Chicago/Turabian StyleMay, James L., Josefa Garcia-Mora, Michael Edwards, and John H. Rossmeisl. 2024. "An Illustrated Scoping Review of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Canine and Feline Brain Tumors" Animals 14, no. 7: 1044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071044