Replication of Influenza A Virus in Secondary Lymphatic Tissue Contributes to Innate Immune Activation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Mice
2.2. Virus Quantification
2.3. Reagents
2.4. Immunofluorescense
2.5. Flow Cytometry
2.6. Intracellular Cytokine and IAV Staining
2.7. RNA Extraction, cDNA Synthesis and qRT-PCR
2.8. ELISA
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. IAV Replicates in the Spleen during Systemic Infection
3.2. Replication of IAV in the Spleen Correlated with IFN-I Induction
3.3. Sialic Acid Residues Are Essential for IAV Uptake
3.4. Usp18 Promotes Replication of IAV in Antigen-Presenting Cells
3.5. Usp18 Dependent Replication Controls Virus Propagation in the Lung
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Friedrich, S.-K.; Schmitz, R.; Bergerhausen, M.; Lang, J.; Duhan, V.; Hardt, C.; Tenbusch, M.; Prinz, M.; Asano, K.; Bhat, H.; et al. Replication of Influenza A Virus in Secondary Lymphatic Tissue Contributes to Innate Immune Activation. Pathogens 2021, 10, 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050622
Friedrich S-K, Schmitz R, Bergerhausen M, Lang J, Duhan V, Hardt C, Tenbusch M, Prinz M, Asano K, Bhat H, et al. Replication of Influenza A Virus in Secondary Lymphatic Tissue Contributes to Innate Immune Activation. Pathogens. 2021; 10(5):622. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050622
Chicago/Turabian StyleFriedrich, Sarah-Kim, Rosa Schmitz, Michael Bergerhausen, Judith Lang, Vikas Duhan, Cornelia Hardt, Matthias Tenbusch, Marco Prinz, Kenichi Asano, Hilal Bhat, and et al. 2021. "Replication of Influenza A Virus in Secondary Lymphatic Tissue Contributes to Innate Immune Activation" Pathogens 10, no. 5: 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050622