CD4, CD20 and PD-L1 as Markers of Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Immunohistochemistry
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Clinicopathological Characteristics of the Study Population
3.2. Immunohistochemical Assessment of the Tumor Microenvironment Components
3.3. Correlations between the Microenvironment Components
3.4. Correlations between the Microenvironment Components and Clinical and Pathological Variables
3.5. Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of the Tumor Microenvironment in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Feature | Number of Patients (n) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Stage | ||
Tis | 1 | 1.8 |
Ta | 36 | 65.5 |
T1 | 18 | 32.7 |
Concomitant Tis | ||
Yes | 1 | 1.8 |
No | 54 | 98.2 |
Grade | ||
LG | 26 | 47.3 |
HG | 29 | 52.7 |
Number of tumors | ||
1 | 31 | 56.4 |
2–3 | 18 | 32.7 |
≥4 | 5 | 9.1 |
Not known | 1 | 1.8 |
Diameter of the largest tumor | ||
<1 cm | 4 | 7.3 |
1–2.5 cm | 26 | 47.3 |
≥3 cm | 21 | 38.2 |
Not known | 4 | 7.3 |
BCG adjuvant treatment | ||
Yes | 8 | 14.5 |
No | 47 | 85.5 |
Feature | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|
CD4 [%] | 7.19 | 0.07 | 24.41 |
CD8 [%] | 9.53 | 1.80 | 31.86 |
CD15 [%] | 4.32 | 0.77 | 18.92 |
CD20 [%] | 4.07 | 0.20 | 27.76 |
CD56 [%] | 0.54 | 0.05 | 8.21 |
CD68 [%] | 22.19 | 10.14 | 44.06 |
CD31+ vessels (on 1 mm2) | 83.00 | 23.00 | 244.00 |
R | p | |
---|---|---|
CD4 [%] & CD15 [%] | 0.463 | <0.001 |
CD4 [%] & CD20 [%] | 0.376 | 0.007 |
CD4 [%] & CD31 (na 1 mm2) | −0.328 | 0.019 |
CD4 [%] & PD-L1 (IC): 1 = low; 2 = moderate; 3 = high | 0.403 | 0.003 |
CD8 [%] & CD20 [%] | 0.35 | 0.012 |
CD8 [%] & CD56 [%] | −0.3 | 0.034 |
CD8 [%] & CD68 [%] | 0.366 | 0.008 |
CD56 [%] & CD68 [%] | −0.316 | 0.024 |
HR | 95% Confidence Interval | p | |
---|---|---|---|
CD4 [%] | 1.19 | 1.07–1.32 | 0.001 |
CD8 [%] | 1.00 | 0.90–1.12 | 0.87 |
CD15 [%] | 1.06 | 0.93–1.20 | 0.33 |
CD20 [%] | 0.90 | 0.84–0.97 | 0.008 |
CD56 [%] | 0.83 | 0.62–1.10 | 0.2 |
CD68 [%] | 0.97 | 0.89–1.04 | 0.44 |
CD31+ vessels (on 1 mm2) | 1.004 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.34 |
PD-L1 (TC) low vs. high | 0.05 | 0.008–0.29 | 0.01 |
PD-L1 (TC) moderate vs. high | 0.05 | 0.003–0.80 | 0.19 |
PD-L1 (IC) low vs. high | 1.6 | 0.51–4.98 | 0.14 |
PD-L1 (IC) moderate vs. high | 0.58 | 0.18–1.87 | 0.13 |
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Semeniuk-Wojtaś, A.; Modzelewska, M.; Poddębniak-Strama, K.; Kołaczyńska, S.; Lubas, A.; Górnicka, B.; Jakieła, A.; Stec, R. CD4, CD20 and PD-L1 as Markers of Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancers 2023, 15, 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235529
Semeniuk-Wojtaś A, Modzelewska M, Poddębniak-Strama K, Kołaczyńska S, Lubas A, Górnicka B, Jakieła A, Stec R. CD4, CD20 and PD-L1 as Markers of Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancers. 2023; 15(23):5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235529
Chicago/Turabian StyleSemeniuk-Wojtaś, Aleksandra, Magdalena Modzelewska, Karolina Poddębniak-Strama, Sylwia Kołaczyńska, Arkadiusz Lubas, Barbara Górnicka, Anna Jakieła, and Rafał Stec. 2023. "CD4, CD20 and PD-L1 as Markers of Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer" Cancers 15, no. 23: 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235529