Urban Heat Island Monitoring and Impacts on Citizen’s General Health Status in Isfahan Metropolis: A Remote Sensing and Field Survey Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study area
2.2. UHI Monitoring
2.2.1. Satellite Images and Pre-Possessing
2.2.2. Image Processing
2.2.3. Split Window Algorithm
2.2.4. Classification of Heat and Cold Islands
2.3. Health Assessment of the Study Subjects
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Temporal Variation of LST
3.2. Spatial Variation of LST
3.3. Relation Between UHI and General Health Sub-Scales
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Input Name | Band 10 | Band 11 | Values |
---|---|---|---|
Emissivity | |||
εsoil | 0.971 | 0.977 | |
εvegetation | 0.987 | 0.989 | |
Thermal constant value | |||
K1 | 774.8853 | 480.8883 | |
K2 | 1321.0789 | 1201.1442 | |
Rescaling Factor | |||
RM | 0.0003342 | 0.0003342 | |
RA | 0.1000000 | 0.1000000 | |
SWA constant coefficients | |||
C0 | - | - | −0.268 |
C1 | - | - | 1.378 |
C2 | - | 0.183 | |
C3 | - | - | 54.300 |
C4 | - | - | −2.238 |
C5 | - | - | −129.200 |
C6 | - | - | 16.400 |
Class Name | Class Range |
---|---|
Very cold temperature | |
Cold temperature | |
Moderate temperature | |
Hot temperature | |
Very hot temperature |
Responses | Citizens in UHI | Citizens in UCI | p Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | ||
physical health | |||||
Mild | 29 | 7.3 | 32 | 8.1 | 0.102 |
Moderate | 318 | 80.7 | 320 | 80.8 | |
Severe | 47 | 12.0 | 44 | 11.1 | |
Social Function | |||||
Mild | 18 | 4.6 | 20 | 5.1 | 0.007 |
Moderate | 332 | 84.3 | 364 | 91.9 | |
Severe | 44 | 11.2 | 12 | 3 | |
Depression | |||||
Mild | 324 | 81.4 | 366 | 92.4 | 0.002 |
Moderate | 60 | 15.1 | 18 | 4.5 | |
Severe | 14 | 3.5 | 12 | 3 | |
Anxiety and Sleep | |||||
Mild | 216 | 54.3 | 230 | 58.4 | 0.012 |
Moderate | 124 | 32.2 | 142 | 36 | |
Severe | 58 | 14.6 | 22 | 5.6 |
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Mirzaei, M.; Verrelst, J.; Arbabi, M.; Shaklabadi, Z.; Lotfizadeh, M. Urban Heat Island Monitoring and Impacts on Citizen’s General Health Status in Isfahan Metropolis: A Remote Sensing and Field Survey Approach. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12081350
Mirzaei M, Verrelst J, Arbabi M, Shaklabadi Z, Lotfizadeh M. Urban Heat Island Monitoring and Impacts on Citizen’s General Health Status in Isfahan Metropolis: A Remote Sensing and Field Survey Approach. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(8):1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12081350
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirzaei, Mohsen, Jochem Verrelst, Mohsen Arbabi, Zohreh Shaklabadi, and Masoud Lotfizadeh. 2020. "Urban Heat Island Monitoring and Impacts on Citizen’s General Health Status in Isfahan Metropolis: A Remote Sensing and Field Survey Approach" Remote Sensing 12, no. 8: 1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12081350