Preliminary Validation of the Children’s Auditory Performance Scale (CHAPS) and the Auditory Processing Domain Questionnaire (APDQ) in Greek Cypriot Children
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample
2.2. Translation Procedures of APDQ
2.3. Participant Recruitment and Assessment
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic and Group Performance Findings
3.2. CHAPS Questionnaire and APDQ Findings
3.3. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Analysis for CHAPS and APDQ Questionnaires
3.3.1. ROC Analysis for CHAPS Questionnaire
3.3.2. ROC Analysis for APDQ Questionnaire
3.4. Reliability and Validity Measures for CHAPS and APDQ Questionnaires
4. Discussion
4.1. CHAPS Questionnaire
4.1.1. CHAPS ROC Analysis
4.1.2. CHAPS Psychometric Properties
4.2. APDQ Questionnaire
4.2.1. APDQ ROC Analysis
4.2.2. APDQ Psychometric Properties
4.2.3. Correlation between CHAPS and APDQ with Auditory Processing Indices
4.3. Limitations and Future Extensions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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TD Group (N = 16) | Experimental Group (N = 24) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mdn (IQR) | Mdn (IQR) | p | n2 | |
Children’s Age in Years | 8.40 (7.85–8.70) | 8.10 (7.90–8.40) | 0.486 | 0.007 |
Raven Total Score | 33.00 (31.50–33.50) | 32.00 (31.00–33.00) | 0.153 | 0.004 |
Action Picture Test Total Score | 71.00 (62.50–76.00) | 68.00 (60.00–71.00) | 0.170 | 0.102 |
Action Picture Test: information | 37.00 (32.00–38.50) | 33.00 (31.00–36.00) | 0.930 | 0.007 |
Action Picture Test: grammar | 34.00 (30.50–36.50) | 30.00 (28.00–32.00) | <0.005 * | 0.150 |
Metaphone Total Score | 180.00 (166.50–187.50) | 169.00 (163.00–175.00) | 0.220 | 0.099 |
Words from Same Syllable Score | 13.00 (12.00–13.00) | 13.00 (12.00–13.00) | 0.936 | 0.002 |
Syllabication Score | 8.00 (8.00–8.00) | 8.00 (8.00–8.00) | 0.830 | 0.006 |
First Syllable Identification Score | 12.00 (12.00–12.00) | 12.00 (12.00–12.00) | 0.936 | 0.000 |
Final Syllable Localization Score | 24.00 (23.00–26.00) | 24.00 (22.00–26.00) | 0.630 | 0.006 |
Word Finding Syllable Criterion Score | 8.00 (7.00–8.00) | 8.00 (8.00–8.00) | 0.708 | 0.006 |
First Phoneme Identification Score | 27.00 (24.50–28.50) | 23.00 (22.00–26.00) | <0.005 * | 0.216 |
Word Finding Phoneme Criterion Score | 15.00 (13.50–17.00) | 14.00 (12.00–15.00) | 0.099 | 0.071 |
Word Repetition Score | 37.00 (34.50–39.50) | 34.00 (32.00–37.00) | <0.005 * | 0.075 |
TD Group (N = 16) | Experimental Group (N = 24) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mdn (IQR) | Mdn (IQR) | p | n2 | |
Gap Detection 500 Hz | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 0.147 | 0.053 |
Gap Detection 1000 Hz | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | =0.005 | 0.095 |
Gap Detection 2000 Hz | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 0.809 | 0.001 |
Gap Detection 4000 Hz | 10.00 (10.00–10.00) | 10.00 (9.25–10.00) | 0.127 | 0.059 |
Gap Detection in Noise 1 | 7.00 (7.00–7.00) | 7.00 (7.00–7.00) | 0.147 | 0.053 |
Gap Detection in Noise 5 | 6.00 (5.00–7.00) | 5.00 (2.25–5.75) | <0.005 | 0.195 |
Speech in Bubble Right Ear | 64.50 (58.25–66.00) | 54.00 (39.75–62.00) | <0.005 | 0.143 |
SNR 7 | 70.00 (60.00–78.75) | 60.00 (51.25–73.75) | 0.165 | 0.049 |
SNR 5 | 67.50 (55.00–70.00) | 60.00 (45.00–73.75) | 0.284 | 0.029 |
SNR 3 | 65.00 (55.00–70.00) | 55.00 (40.00–63.75) | =0.005 | 0.093 |
SNR 1 | 62.50 (55.00–70.00) | 60.00 (50.00–65.00) | 0.151 | 0.052 |
SNR Minus 1 | 50.00 (36.25–55.00) | 40.00 (20.00–45.00) | <0.005 | 0.156 |
SNR 50% | 2.40 (1.85–2.95) | 3.00 (2.25–4.40) | =0.005 | 0.092 |
Dichotic Words—Right Ear 1st | 21.00 (21.00–22.00) | 19.50 (18.25–21.00) | <0.001 | 0.336 |
Dichotic Words Synchronized | 21.00 (20.00–22.00) | 18.00 (16.25–21.00) | =0.001 | 0.264 |
Duration Pattern Sequence | 30.00 (29.50–30.00) | 28.00 (26.25–29.00) | <0.001 | 0.323 |
Pitch Pattern 1000 to 2000 Hz | 8.00 (7.25–8.00) | 7.50 (7.00–8.00) | 0.067 | 0.086 |
Pitch Pattern 4000 to 6000 Hz | 8.00 (8.00–9.00) | 7.00 (7.00–8.00) | =0.001 | 0.269 |
Forward Digit Span | 8.00 (7.00–9.00) | 7.00 (7.00–8.00) | 0.200 | 0.042 |
Backward Digit Span | 6.00 (5.00–7.00) | 5.00 (4.25–6.00) | <0.005 | 0.108 |
Parents of Experimental Group Children (N = 24) | Parents of TD Children (N = 16) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mdn (IQR) | Mdn (IQR) | Mann-Whitney U | p | n2 | |
CHAPS Total score | −0.50 (−0.70–−0.15) | 0.20 (−0.20–0.80) | 38.500 | <0.001 | 0.455 |
CHAPS Noise subdomain | −1.30 (−1.65–−0.70) | 0.30 (−0.30–0.70) | 16.000 | <0.001 | 0.682 |
CHAPS Quiet subdomain | −0.40 (−0.65–0.00) | 0.40 (0.00–1.00) | 49.000 | <0.001 | 0.387 |
CHAPS Ideal subdomain | −0.30 (−0.70–0.70) | 1.00 (0.00–1.00) | 61.500 | <0.005 | 0.314 |
CHAPS Multiple Inputs subdomain | −0.30 (−0.70–0.700) | 0.70 (0.00–1.00) | 33.500 | <0.001 | 0.526 |
CHAPS Auditory Memory Sequencing subdomain | −0.50 (−0.85–−0.20) | 0.00 (−0.50–1.00) | 73.500 | <0.005 | 0.235 |
CHAPS Auditory Attention Span subdomain | −0.10 (−0.90–0.50) | 0.30 (−0.10–0.80) | 68.000 | <0.005 | 0.364 |
Parents of Experimental Group Children (N = 24) | Parents of TD Children (N = 16) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mdn (IQR) | Mdn (IQR) | Mann-Whitney U | p | n2 | |
APDQ Total Score | 95.00 (81.50–107.00) | 79.50 (68.75–85.00) | 49.000 | =0.001 | 0.253 |
APDQ Auditory Processing subdomain | 60.00 (54.75–68.25) | 50.50 (44.25–55.25) | 35.000 | <0.001 | 0.340 |
APDQ Attention Control subdomain | 18.00 (14.75–22.00) | 15.50 (12.50–17.00) | 79.000 | <0.005 | 0.109 |
APDQ Language subdomain | 20.00 (18.00–24.00) | 17.50 (16.25–19.75) | 58.000 | <0.005 | 0.202 |
APDQ Auditory Processing Target subdomain | −42.00 (50.00–39.00) | −36.00 (37.00–31.25) | 29.000 | <0.001 | 0.383 |
Subdomains | Cut-Off | AUC (95% CI) | p |
---|---|---|---|
CHAPS Total Score | −0.30 | 0.849 (0.715–0.983) | =0.001 |
CHAPS Noise | −0.60 | 0.937 (0.858–1.000) | <0.001 |
CHAPS Quiet | −0.20 | 0.808 (0.657–0.959) | <0.005 |
CHAPS Ideal | −0.80 | 0.759 (0.591–0.926) | <0.005 |
CHAPS Multiple Inputs | 0.10 | 0.869 (0.745–0.993) | <0.001 |
CHAPS Auditory Memory Sequencing | −0.10 | 0.712 (0.528–0.896) | <0.005 |
CHAPS Auditory Attention Span | 0.30 | 0.733 (0.556–0.910) | <0.005 |
Cut-Off | AUC (95% CI) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
APDQ Total Score | 90.00 | 0.820 (0.679–0.961) | <0.001 * |
APDQ Auditory Processing subdomain | 53.00 | 0.871 (0.753–0.989) | <0.001 * |
APDQ Attention Control subdomain | 18.00 | 0.710 (0.532–0.887) | <0.005 * |
APDQ Language subdomain | 18.00 | 0.785 (0.632–0.938) | =0.005 * |
Auditory Processing Target subdomain | 38.00 | 0.871 (0.753–0.989) | <0.001 * |
Parameters | CHAPS | APDQ |
---|---|---|
CHAPS | ρ = 0.639 ** | |
APDQ | ρ = 0.639 ** | |
DPS | ρ = −0.522 ** | |
DICHOTIC WORDS RE first | ρ = −0.354 * | |
SNR − 1 | ρ = −0.323 * | |
SNR 7 | ρ = −0.392 ** | |
Pitch pattern 1000 to 2000 Hz | ρ = 0.256 ** | |
Pitch pattern 4000 to 6000 Hz | ρ = −0.316 * |
Cut-Off Ahmmed and Ahmmed, 2016 [34] | p | Cut-Off Sanchez and Lam, 2007 [36] | p | Cut-Off in Current Paper | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CHAPS total | 0.61 | =0.124 | −0.30 | =0.001 | ||
CHAPS Noise subdomain | 0.60 | =0.248 | −0.60 | <0.001 | ||
CHAPS Quiet subdomain | 0.63 | =0.182 | −0.20 | <0.005 | ||
CHAPS Ideal subdomain | 0.684 | =0.932 | 0.50 | =0.481 | −0.80 | <0.005 |
CHAPS Multiple Inputs subdomain | 0.66 | =0.124 | 0.10 | <0.001 | ||
CHAPS Auditory Memory Sequencing subdomain | 0.632 | =0.016 | 0.66 | =0.138 | −0.10 | <0.005 |
CHAPS Auditory Attention Span subdomain | 0.697 | =0.043 | NR | NR | 0.30 | <0.005 |
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Drosos, K.; Tafiadis, D.; Voniati, L.; Papanicolaou, A.; Thodi, C. Preliminary Validation of the Children’s Auditory Performance Scale (CHAPS) and the Auditory Processing Domain Questionnaire (APDQ) in Greek Cypriot Children. Audiol. Res. 2024, 14, 625-639. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14040053
Drosos K, Tafiadis D, Voniati L, Papanicolaou A, Thodi C. Preliminary Validation of the Children’s Auditory Performance Scale (CHAPS) and the Auditory Processing Domain Questionnaire (APDQ) in Greek Cypriot Children. Audiology Research. 2024; 14(4):625-639. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14040053
Chicago/Turabian StyleDrosos, Konstantinos, Dionysios Tafiadis, Louiza Voniati, Alexandra Papanicolaou, and Chryssoula Thodi. 2024. "Preliminary Validation of the Children’s Auditory Performance Scale (CHAPS) and the Auditory Processing Domain Questionnaire (APDQ) in Greek Cypriot Children" Audiology Research 14, no. 4: 625-639. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14040053