Structure and Composition of Spermatozoa Fibrous Sheath in Diverse Groups of Metazoa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Diversity of the Structure of Sperm Flagella in Metazoa
2.1. Unusual Sperm Shapes
2.2. Diversity of Axoneme Anchoring Structures
2.3. Diversity of Axoneme Organization
2.4. Structures Surrounding Axoneme
3. Proteins of Fibrous Sheath and Associated Structures
3.1. Protein Kinase-Associated Proteins
3.2. Glycolytic Enzymes
3.3. Intraflagellar Transport
3.4. Post-Translational Modifications
3.5. Protectors from Oxidative Stress
3.6. Proteins Affecting the Positioning of Longitudinal Columns
4. Evolutionary Distribution of the Fibrous Sheath Associated Proteins among Metazoa
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Protein | Cellular Localization | Function |
---|---|---|
Protein-kinase A PKA | Fibrous sheath | Phosphorylation of different targets, signaling |
PKA-associated protein 3 AKAP3 | Structural protein of circumferential ribs | |
PKA-associated protein 4 AKAP4 | Structural protein of circumferential ribs and longitudinal columns | |
FS-interacting protein 1 FSIP1 | Interaction with IFT machinery | |
FS-interacting protein 2 FSIP2 | Structural protein of FS. Possibly involved in control of mitochondria | |
Ropporin | Binding of rhophilin | |
Rhophilin | Putative target of small GTPase Rho | |
Ca2+-binding Y-phosphorylation-regulated protein CABYR | Calcium signaling during capacitation, FS development | |
Sp17 | Capacitation, structural protein of the FS | |
FS39 | Structural protein of the FS | |
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase-S GAPDS | Glycolytic enzyme | |
IFT74, IFT81 | Intraflagellar transport | Core components of the IFT complex. Transport of β-tubulin |
Rab-like 2 RABL2 | Small GTPase. Initiation of anterograde IFT | |
IFT88 | ||
Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 3, 8 TTLL3, TTLL8 | Axoneme | Tubulin glycylation |
Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 1, 9, 4, 5 TTLL1, TTLL9, TTLL4, TTLL5 | Tubulin polyglutamylation | |
Cytoplasmic carboxypeptidase 5 CCP5 (AGBL5) | Tubulin deglutamination | |
Histone deacetylase-6 HDAC6 | Tubulin deacetylation | |
Chromodomain Y Like CDYL | ||
Serine/Threonine kinase 33 STK33 | Phosphorylation of AKAP3 and AKAP4 | |
Sperm-specific Thioredoxin-1 SPTRX-1 | Thioredoxin. Protection from oxidative stress, regulation of disulfide bond formation, FS formation | |
Glutathione S-transferase mu class GSTm5 | Detoxification | |
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 B UBE2B | Positioning of longitudinal columns | |
Dynein Axonemal Light Intermediate Chain 1 Dnali1 | Dynein-associated transport and the assembly of AKAP3 and AKAP4 | |
Fused Fu | Kinesin transport |
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Guseva, E.A.; Buev, V.S.; Mirzaeva, S.E.; Pletnev, P.I.; Dontsova, O.A.; Sergiev, P.V. Structure and Composition of Spermatozoa Fibrous Sheath in Diverse Groups of Metazoa. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147663
Guseva EA, Buev VS, Mirzaeva SE, Pletnev PI, Dontsova OA, Sergiev PV. Structure and Composition of Spermatozoa Fibrous Sheath in Diverse Groups of Metazoa. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(14):7663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147663
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuseva, Ekaterina A., Vitaly S. Buev, Sabina E. Mirzaeva, Philipp I. Pletnev, Olga A. Dontsova, and Petr V. Sergiev. 2024. "Structure and Composition of Spermatozoa Fibrous Sheath in Diverse Groups of Metazoa" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 14: 7663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147663