Sws2 Gene Positively Regulates Melanin Production in Plectropomus leopardus Skin via Direct Regulation of the Synthesis of Retinoic Acid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. P. leopardus sws2 cDNA Cloning and Sequence Analysis
2.2. Multiple Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Analysis
2.3. Expression Levels of sws2 in Different Tissues
2.4. Localization of Sws2 in the Eye and Skin of P. leopardus
2.5. In Situ Hybridization of sws2 in the Eye and Skin of P. leopardus
2.6. Alterations in sws2 Expression Levels and Genes Related to Skin Color following sws2 Knockdown
2.7. Pigment Content and Tyrosinase Activity after sws2 Knockdown
2.8. Expression Levels of Skin-Color-Related Genes after Retinoic Acid Treatment
2.9. Pigment Content and Tyrosinase Activity after Retinoic Acid Treatment
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Fish
4.2. Fish Sampling, RNA Extraction, and First-Strand cDNA Synthesis
4.3. Molecular Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis
4.4. qRT-PCR (Quantitative Real-Time PCR) Analysis
4.5. Immunohistochemistry
4.6. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
4.7. Effect of Sws2 Knockdown on Skin Color
4.8. Retinoic Acid Treatment
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer | Sequence (5′-3′) | Application | Gene Name | Accession Number |
---|---|---|---|---|
sws2 RACE F1 (first) | TCTTTGGGTCGTCAACAACCG | sws2 cloning | - | - |
sws2 RACE R1 (first) | GAGGTGCCCGCAGTGAATAA | - | - | |
sws2 RACE F2 (nested) | GCGGGCAGCCTTTTGACCT | - | - | |
sws2 RACE R2 (nested) | AGGAAGGGGCTGAAAGCTGT | - | - | |
mc1r F | TGCCAGAACCACCAGGAT | Quantitative RT-PCR | melanocortin 1 receptor | XM042485859.1 |
mc1r R | ACGGAAACGACCAACAGG | |||
sws2 F | GTTGTCGGTGGTGTACCAGT | - | - | |
sws2 R | GGGTGTTCGCACTAATTGCC | - | - | |
tyr F | GTCTTCAACATCCTCAGCGGT | tyrosinase | XM042486951.1 | |
tyr R | GGTCGCATAGACAGTGCTTCC | |||
tyrp1 F | CGTAAGAGTAGCCAAGATTTTCA | tyrosinase related protein 1 | Transcriptome data | |
tyrp1 R | GTTGAGGAGACACAGTCCAGAT | |||
pomc F | GTCGAGATCTGACGGAGGAG | proopiomelanocortin | Transcriptome data | |
pomc R | AGTCAGTGCTGGGAACATCC | |||
Scarb1 F | ACCAGTCCGCTGTCATAACC | scavenger receptor class B, member 1 | XM042509253.1 | |
Scarb1 R | CACCGTGTCCTACAGGGAGT | |||
β-actin F | TCTGGGCAACGGAACCTCT | beta-actin mRNA | OK483033.1 | |
β-actin R | CACCACAGCCGAGAGGGA |
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Yu, H.; Chen, H.; Wang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Tan, Y.; Wang, L.; Sun, J.; Luo, J.; Song, F. Sws2 Gene Positively Regulates Melanin Production in Plectropomus leopardus Skin via Direct Regulation of the Synthesis of Retinoic Acid. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147513
Yu H, Chen H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Tan Y, Wang L, Sun J, Luo J, Song F. Sws2 Gene Positively Regulates Melanin Production in Plectropomus leopardus Skin via Direct Regulation of the Synthesis of Retinoic Acid. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(14):7513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147513
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Haoran, Huapeng Chen, Xinxin Wang, Yichun Zhang, Yafang Tan, Lei Wang, Junlong Sun, Jian Luo, and Feibiao Song. 2024. "Sws2 Gene Positively Regulates Melanin Production in Plectropomus leopardus Skin via Direct Regulation of the Synthesis of Retinoic Acid" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 14: 7513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147513