Revealing Further Insights into Astringent Seeds of Chinese Fir by Integrated Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analyses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Sample Collection and Metabolite/Lipid Identification
2.2. Global Metabolic Alterations in Astringent Seeds
2.3. Global Lipidomic Alterations in Astringent Seeds
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Seed Collection
4.2. Metabolome Sequencing and Data Analysis
4.3. Lipidome Sequencing and Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subclass | Full Name | Lipid Types | Mean_SE | Mean_CK | log2FC | p-Value | Changes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TG | Triglyceride | Glycerolipids | 2,418,466,213.00 | 398,000,000,000.00 | −7.36 | 0.000 | less |
SiE | Sitosterol ester | SterolEsters | 63,066.94 | 3,338,359.46 | −5.73 | 0.000 | less |
DG | Diglyceride | Glycerolipids | 49,875,524.58 | 1,829,902,611.00 | −5.20 | 0.000 | less |
PG | Phosphatidylglycerol | Glycerophospholipids | 88,987,548.34 | 2,634,724,739.00 | −4.89 | 0.000 | less |
AGlcSiE | Acylglcsitosterol ester | SterolEsters | 8,772,664.30 | 111,780,732.70 | −3.67 | 0.000 | less |
LPE | Lysophosphatidylethanolamine | Glycerophospholipids | 2,533,033.93 | 25,965,487.90 | −3.36 | 0.000 | less |
Co | Coenzyme | Others | 4,810,648.04 | 45,922,404.57 | −3.25 | 0.000 | less |
LPC | Lysophosphatidylcholine | Glycerophospholipids | 12,033,231.72 | 79,404,329.43 | −2.72 | 0.000 | less |
SQDG | Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol | Glyceroglycolipids | 4,349,611.59 | 25,803,596.25 | −2.57 | 0.000 | less |
PA | Phosphatidic acid | Glycerophospholipids | 1,000,871,191.00 | 5,444,599,004.00 | −2.44 | 0.000 | less |
MGDG | Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol | Glyceroglycolipids | 98,227,212.47 | 461,038,998.00 | −2.23 | 0.000 | less |
PI | Phosphatidylinositol | Glycerophospholipids | 328,142,065.30 | 1,296,038,926.00 | −1.98 | 0.000 | less |
DGDG | Digalactosyldiacylglycerol | Glyceroglycolipids | 69,555,932.89 | 252,982,297.10 | −1.86 | 0.000 | less |
PS | Phosphatidylserine | Glycerophospholipids | 106,284,549.40 | 359,065,750.00 | −1.76 | 0.000 | less |
PC | Phosphatidylcholine | Glycerophospholipids | 2,090,068,304.00 | 6,189,833,094.00 | −1.57 | 0.000 | less |
PE | Phosphatidylethanolamine | Glycerophospholipids | 703,590,741.40 | 1,819,163,636.00 | −1.37 | 0.000 | less |
phSM | Sphingomyelin (phytosphingosine) | Sphingolipids | 15,154,103.72 | 37,533,428.50 | −1.31 | 0.000 | less |
CerG1 | Simple Glc series | Sphingolipids | 105,905,712.10 | 249,572,929.00 | −1.24 | 0.000 | less |
CL | Cardiolipin | Glycerophospholipids | 4,877,980.67 | 9,895,607.47 | −1.02 | 0.003 | less |
SoP | Sphingosine phosphate | Sphingolipids | 9,236,615.28 | 4,034,788.16 | 1.19 | 0.004 | more |
LPA | Lysophosphatidic acid | Glycerophospholipids | 874,176.31 | 2,832,812.07 | −1.70 | 0.073 | not sig |
LPI | Lysophosphatidylinositol | Glycerophospholipids | 1,780,832.34 | 5,315,378.73 | −1.58 | 0.169 | not sig |
Cer | Ceramides | Sphingolipids | 1,341,801,269.00 | 1,882,630,305.00 | −0.49 | 0.002 | not sig |
So | Sphingosine | Sphingolipids | 122,697,762.80 | 132,845,014.30 | −0.11 | 0.330 | not sig |
DGMG | Digalactosylmonoacylglycerol | Glyceroglycolipids | 789,186.10 | 803,985.60 | −0.03 | 0.957 | not sig |
LPG | lysophosphatidylglycerol | Glycerophospholipids | 769,702.94 | 692,126.93 | 0.15 | 0.765 | not sig |
Formula | Compounds | Class I | Class II | VIP | Log2FC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C45H38O19 | Gallocatechin-catechin-catechin | Tannins | Proanthocyanidins | 1.07 | 20.27 |
C45H38O18 | Procyanidin C1 | Tannins | Proanthocyanidins | 1.07 | 20.05 |
C21H24O11 | Sieboldin | Flavonoids | Chalcones | 1.07 | 19.17 |
C45H38O18 | Arecatannin C1 | Tannins | Tannin | 1.07 | 18.80 |
C45H38O20 | Gallocatechin-gallocatechin-catechin | Tannins | Proanthocyanidins | 1.07 | 18.79 |
C27H30O15 | 5,7-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyflavone-3-O-xylose-(1-6)-glucose | Flavonoids | Flavonoid | 1.07 | 17.81 |
C60H50O24 | Cinnamtannin B2 | Tannins | Tannin | 1.07 | 17.74 |
C15H12O8 | Dihydromyricetin (Ampelopsin) | Flavonoids | Dihydroflavonol | 1.07 | 17.67 |
C21H20O11 | Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (Cynaroside) | Flavonoids | Flavonoid | 1.07 | 17.63 |
C22H22O13 | Patuletin-3-O-glucoside | Flavonoids | Flavonoid | 1.07 | 17.44 |
C60H50O24 | Arecatannin A1 | Tannins | Tannin | 1.07 | 17.31 |
C7H6O4 | 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | Phenolic acids | Phenolic acids | 1.07 | 17.31 |
C60H50O24 | Arecatannin A2 | Tannins | Tannin | 1.07 | 17.27 |
C22H22O13 | Laricitrin-3-O-glucoside | Flavonoids | Flavonoid | 1.07 | 17.25 |
C7H6O4 | 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Protocatechuic acid) | Phenolic acids | Phenolic acids | 1.07 | 17.23 |
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Zheng, P.; Shen, M.; Liu, R.; Cai, X.; Lin, J.; Wang, L.; Chen, Y.; Chen, G.; Cao, S.; Qin, Y. Revealing Further Insights into Astringent Seeds of Chinese Fir by Integrated Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analyses. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 15103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015103
Zheng P, Shen M, Liu R, Cai X, Lin J, Wang L, Chen Y, Chen G, Cao S, Qin Y. Revealing Further Insights into Astringent Seeds of Chinese Fir by Integrated Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analyses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(20):15103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015103
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Ping, Mengqian Shen, Ruoyu Liu, Xinkai Cai, Jinting Lin, Lulu Wang, Yu Chen, Guangwei Chen, Shijiang Cao, and Yuan Qin. 2023. "Revealing Further Insights into Astringent Seeds of Chinese Fir by Integrated Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analyses" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 20: 15103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015103