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LILIENTHAL, MAX – Rabbi and educator; born at Munich Nov. 6, 1815; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 5, 1882; educated at the University of Munich (Ph.D. 1837). In 1839 he accepted the office of principal in the newly established Jewish school of...
LILIENTHAL, OTTO – German mechanical engineer and experimenter in aerial navigation; born May 23, 1848, at Anklam; died Aug. 9, 1896, at Rhinow. Lilienthal's theory was that artificial flight must follow the principles of bird-flight. His...
LILITH – Female demon. Of the three Assyrian demons Lilu, Lilit, and Ardat Lilit, the second is referred to in Isa. xxxiv. 14. Schrader ("Jahrb. für Protestantische Theologie," i. 128)takes Lilith to be a goddess of the night; she is...
LILY – Rendering in the Bible of the Hebrew word (I Kings vii. 19) or (II Chron. iv. 5; Cant. ii. 1; Hosea xiv. 5), which is probably a loanword from the Egyptian "s-sh-sh-sh-n" = "lotus"; the white lily, Lilium candidum Linn., growing...
LIMA, MOSES B. ISAAC JUDAH – Lithuanian rabbinical scholar, one of the so-called Aḥaronim; born in the second decade of the seventeenth century; died about 1670. When a comparatively young man he successively occupied the rabbinates of Brest-Litovsk and...
LIMERICK – Seaport town in Ireland, in which Jews began to settle about 1881, after the Russian exodus. A synagogue was founded in 1889 in Colooney street, and in the same year a biḳḳur ḥolim. In 1901 it was found necessary to establish a...
LIMOGES – See France.
LINCOLN – County town of Lincolnshire, England; formerly the second town of importance in the country, and on that account largely populated by Jews in the preexpulsion period. They appear to have settled on the Steep Hill, between the...
LINDAU, BARUCH BEN JUDAH LÖB – German mathematician; born at Hanover in 1759; died at Berlin Dec. 5, 1849. He wrote: "Reshit Limmudim," a text-book of natural science (part i., physics and geography, Berlin, 1789; Brünn, 1796; Cracow, 1820; part ii., natural...
LINDO – One of the oldest and most esteemed of London Sephardic families; it traces its descent back to Isaac Lindo, who died in 1712. For eight successive generations a member of the family has been a sworn broker of the city of...
LINDO, ALEXANDER – English merchant; died in London in 1818. He was connected with the West India trade, and in this connection entered into relations with Napoleon after the Treaty of Amiens, arranging for the shipment of goods to the value of...
LINDO, DAVID ABARBANEL – English communal worker; born in London Aug. 14, 1772; died there Feb. 26, 1852. He was an uncle of Lord Beaconsfield, whom he initiated into the covenant of Abraham, and was intimately connected with the Bevis Marks...
LINDO, ELIAS ḤAYYIM – English author and historian; born in 1783; died in London June 11, 1865. He spent the first half of his life in the island of St. Thomas, where he married and became one of the leading merchants. He was president of the Hebrew...
LINDO, MARK PRAGER – Dutch writer; born in London Sept. 18, 1819; died at The Hague March 9, 1879. He went to Holland in 1838 as teacher of English, first at Arnhem, and then at the Military Academy at Breda; and he studied Dutch literature at...
LINDO, MOSES – Planter and merchant in South Carolina; born probably in England; died at Charleston, S. C., April 26, 1774. He seems to have been considered one of the foremost experts in the cochineal and indigo trade in London. Becoming...
LINEN – Cloth made of flax. The Biblical terms are "bad" (LXX. λίνεος A. V. "linen"), "shesh," and "buẓ" (LXX. β;ύσσος or βίσσινος; A. V. "fine linen"). In the construction of the Tabernacle linen was used for the inner cover (Ex. xxvi....
LINETZKI, ISAAC JOEL – Russo-Yiddish humorist; born at Vinnitza Sept. 8, 1839, in which town his father, Joseph Linetzki, was a Ḥasidic rabbi. At the age of eighteen Isaac ran away from home and went to Odessa. Thence he intended to go to Breslau to...
LION – Biblical Data: There are several names for the lion in the Old Testament (comp. Job iv. 10 et seq.): "aryeh," or "ari," which is the most general name; "labi'" and "lebiyah," for the old lion and lioness; "kefir" and "gur," for...
LION, HENRI JULIUS – Dutch journalist; born March 23, 1806, at Elberfeld; died Oct. 19, 1869. In 1824 he entered the Prussian army, and in 1830 that of Holland. In 1834 he went to India, and was honorably discharged as an officer at his own request...
LION, ISAAC JACOB – Dutch journalist; born at Amersfort Dec. 17, 1821; died at The Hague Aug. 27, 1873. Settling in Amsterdam, he occupied himself with literary work, and became in 1840 editor of the "Handelsblad." In 1849 he applied himself to...
LIPINER, SIEGFRIED – Austrian poet; born at Yaroslav, Galicia, Oct. 24, 1856; educated at the gymnasia in Tarnow and Vienna and at the universities of Leipsic and Strasburg. In 1881 he was appointed librarian to the Austrian Reichsrath, which post...
LIPKIN – Russo-Jewish family which derives its origin from Dob Bär Lipkin, rabbi of Plungian in the first half of the eighteenth century (see Ezekiel Katzenellenbogen, "Keneset Ezekiel," No. 7). The pedigree of the most important members...
LIPMAN, CLARA – American actress; born in Chicago. She made her début as an ingénue with Modjeska in 1888, and subsequently played similar parts in A. M. Palmer's company. She created the principal rôle in "Incog" (1891), but before this had...
LIPMAN, SAMUEL PHILIPPUS – Dutch jurist; born in London April 27, 1802; died at Hilversum July 7, 1871. He was educated at Glueckstadt, Hamburg, and Amsterdam; studied law at Leyden (1819-22), and in 1823 established himself as a lawyer at Amsterdam,...
LIPMANN-MÜLHAUSEN, YOM-ṬOB BEN SOLOMON – His Attainments. Austrian controversialist, Talmudist, and cabalist of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. According to Bishop Bodecker of Brandenburg, who wrote a refutation of Lipmann's "Niẓẓaḥon," Lipmann lived at Cracow....

LILIENTHAL, MAX – Rabbi and educator; born at Munich Nov. 6, 1815; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 5, 1882; educated at the University of Munich (Ph.D. 1837). In 1839 he accepted the office of principal in the newly established Jewish school of...

LILIENTHAL, OTTO – German mechanical engineer and experimenter in aerial navigation; born May 23, 1848, at Anklam; died Aug. 9, 1896, at Rhinow. Lilienthal's theory was that artificial flight must follow the principles of bird-flight. His...

LILITH – Female demon. Of the three Assyrian demons Lilu, Lilit, and Ardat Lilit, the second is referred to in Isa. xxxiv. 14. Schrader ("Jahrb. für Protestantische Theologie," i. 128)takes Lilith to be a goddess of the night; she is...

LILY – Rendering in the Bible of the Hebrew word (I Kings vii. 19) or (II Chron. iv. 5; Cant. ii. 1; Hosea xiv. 5), which is probably a loanword from the Egyptian "s-sh-sh-sh-n" = "lotus"; the white lily, Lilium candidum Linn., growing...

LIMA, MOSES B. ISAAC JUDAH – Lithuanian rabbinical scholar, one of the so-called Aḥaronim; born in the second decade of the seventeenth century; died about 1670. When a comparatively young man he successively occupied the rabbinates of Brest-Litovsk and...

LIMERICK – Seaport town in Ireland, in which Jews began to settle about 1881, after the Russian exodus. A synagogue was founded in 1889 in Colooney street, and in the same year a biḳḳur ḥolim. In 1901 it was found necessary to establish a...

LIMOGES – See France.

LINCOLN – County town of Lincolnshire, England; formerly the second town of importance in the country, and on that account largely populated by Jews in the preexpulsion period. They appear to have settled on the Steep Hill, between the...

LINDAU, BARUCH BEN JUDAH LÖB – German mathematician; born at Hanover in 1759; died at Berlin Dec. 5, 1849. He wrote: "Reshit Limmudim," a text-book of natural science (part i., physics and geography, Berlin, 1789; Brünn, 1796; Cracow, 1820; part ii., natural...

LINDO – One of the oldest and most esteemed of London Sephardic families; it traces its descent back to Isaac Lindo, who died in 1712. For eight successive generations a member of the family has been a sworn broker of the city of...

LINDO, ALEXANDER – English merchant; died in London in 1818. He was connected with the West India trade, and in this connection entered into relations with Napoleon after the Treaty of Amiens, arranging for the shipment of goods to the value of...

LINDO, DAVID ABARBANEL – English communal worker; born in London Aug. 14, 1772; died there Feb. 26, 1852. He was an uncle of Lord Beaconsfield, whom he initiated into the covenant of Abraham, and was intimately connected with the Bevis Marks...

LINDO, ELIAS ḤAYYIM – English author and historian; born in 1783; died in London June 11, 1865. He spent the first half of his life in the island of St. Thomas, where he married and became one of the leading merchants. He was president of the Hebrew...

LINDO, MARK PRAGER – Dutch writer; born in London Sept. 18, 1819; died at The Hague March 9, 1879. He went to Holland in 1838 as teacher of English, first at Arnhem, and then at the Military Academy at Breda; and he studied Dutch literature at...

LINDO, MOSES – Planter and merchant in South Carolina; born probably in England; died at Charleston, S. C., April 26, 1774. He seems to have been considered one of the foremost experts in the cochineal and indigo trade in London. Becoming...

LINEN – Cloth made of flax. The Biblical terms are "bad" (LXX. λίνεος A. V. "linen"), "shesh," and "buẓ" (LXX. β;ύσσος or βίσσινος; A. V. "fine linen"). In the construction of the Tabernacle linen was used for the inner cover (Ex. xxvi....

LINETZKI, ISAAC JOEL – Russo-Yiddish humorist; born at Vinnitza Sept. 8, 1839, in which town his father, Joseph Linetzki, was a Ḥasidic rabbi. At the age of eighteen Isaac ran away from home and went to Odessa. Thence he intended to go to Breslau to...

LION – Biblical Data: There are several names for the lion in the Old Testament (comp. Job iv. 10 et seq.): "aryeh," or "ari," which is the most general name; "labi'" and "lebiyah," for the old lion and lioness; "kefir" and "gur," for...

LION, HENRI JULIUS – Dutch journalist; born March 23, 1806, at Elberfeld; died Oct. 19, 1869. In 1824 he entered the Prussian army, and in 1830 that of Holland. In 1834 he went to India, and was honorably discharged as an officer at his own request...

LION, ISAAC JACOB – Dutch journalist; born at Amersfort Dec. 17, 1821; died at The Hague Aug. 27, 1873. Settling in Amsterdam, he occupied himself with literary work, and became in 1840 editor of the "Handelsblad." In 1849 he applied himself to...

LIPINER, SIEGFRIED – Austrian poet; born at Yaroslav, Galicia, Oct. 24, 1856; educated at the gymnasia in Tarnow and Vienna and at the universities of Leipsic and Strasburg. In 1881 he was appointed librarian to the Austrian Reichsrath, which post...

LIPKIN – Russo-Jewish family which derives its origin from Dob Bär Lipkin, rabbi of Plungian in the first half of the eighteenth century (see Ezekiel Katzenellenbogen, "Keneset Ezekiel," No. 7). The pedigree of the most important members...

LIPMAN, CLARA – American actress; born in Chicago. She made her début as an ingénue with Modjeska in 1888, and subsequently played similar parts in A. M. Palmer's company. She created the principal rôle in "Incog" (1891), but before this had...

LIPMAN, SAMUEL PHILIPPUS – Dutch jurist; born in London April 27, 1802; died at Hilversum July 7, 1871. He was educated at Glueckstadt, Hamburg, and Amsterdam; studied law at Leyden (1819-22), and in 1823 established himself as a lawyer at Amsterdam,...

LIPMANN-MÜLHAUSEN, YOM-ṬOB BEN SOLOMON – His Attainments. Austrian controversialist, Talmudist, and cabalist of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. According to Bishop Bodecker of Brandenburg, who wrote a refutation of Lipmann's "Niẓẓaḥon," Lipmann lived at Cracow....