Editorial and Peer Review Process

Initial quality checks are performed to identify potential issues such as:

• Competing interests
• Compliance with editorial policies and ethical standards
• Financial disclosures
• Data availability

Submissions may be returned to authors for changes or clarifications at this stage.   

After completing internal checks, each new submission is assigned to a Section Editor or one of the Editors-in-Chief. This senior editor reviews the manuscript against our publication criteria and determines whether to reject or send it on to an Associate Editor for further review. The Associate Editor is usually a member of the PLOS Pathogens Editorial Board, but occasionally a Guest Editor is invited to serve instead.

The Associate Editor evaluates the manuscript and decides whether it describes a sufficient body of work to support a major advance in its particular field. If so, the editor may consult with external peer reviewers with expertise in the area of the study in order to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work.

During the submission process you’ll be asked to indicate any specific editors or reviewers who should not review your manuscript. We will respect your request so long as it does not interfere with the objective and thorough assessment of the submission.

We decide on reviewers for a particular manuscript based on many factors, including expertise, reputation, specific recommendations of authors and editors, and the editor’s own knowledge of a reviewer’s past performance.

After agreeing to review, external peer reviewers typically have 10 to 14 days to submit their review. The journal office will follow up with late reviewers and keep you informed if there are any delays.

PLOS Pathogens uses single-anonymized peer review. Reviewers remain anonymous unless they choose to identify themselves by signing their name to their review in our submission system.

The editors consider reviewer feedback and their own evaluation of the manuscript in order to reach a decision. The following decision types are available:

• Reject
• Major revision
• Minor revision
• Accept

Decisions are communicated to the corresponding author in a formal letter, along with reviewer feedback and any other requirements from the journal office.

If the editors feel that your manuscript has the potential to be published, but requires changes, you’ll be invited to revise it.

Read more about revising your manuscript.

PLOS Pathogens uses two levels of accept decision. When the handling editor is satisfied with the scientific aspects of the manuscript they’ll issue an editorial accept decision. This is a provisional acceptance, pending final checks for formatting and technical requirements. Once the final requirements are fulfilled, the journal office will send a formal accept decision, and your manuscript will move on to production.

Read more about accepted manuscripts.

PLOS offers accepted authors the opportunity to publish the peer review history of their manuscript alongside the final article. The peer review history package includes the complete editorial decision letter for each revision, with reviews, and your responses to reviewer comments, including attachments. If the peer reviewers have chosen to sign their reviews, their names will also appear.

If your submission is accepted for publication, you’ll be invited to opt-in to publish the peer review history of your manuscript using a form in our submission system.

Sharing peer review history enriches the scientific record, increases transparency and accountability, and helps to reinforce the validity of your research by displaying the thoroughness of the peer review process it has undergone.

The journal reserves the right not to publish peer review history in special cases, for example, due to an ethical consideration, such as the inclusion of information about a vulnerable population.

Authors can request that original research submissions (with reviewer reports, if relevant) rejected from one PLOS journal be transferred to another PLOS journal for further consideration there. Manuscripts will never be transferred between the journals without an author’s consent.

If, after peer review, the editors consider that a manuscript is scientifically sound, but does not meet PLOS Pathogens’s criteria for novelty and impact, authors may be offered the opportunity to transfer their submission to another PLOS journal along with any accompanying reviewer reports.

We trust that reviewers for any PLOS journal are willing to have their reviews considered by the editors of another PLOS journal.

PLOS Pathogens encourages input from all community members regarding editorial and publishing policy. However, appeals of manuscript decisions must be:

• limited to the specific manuscript in question

• made only by the corresponding author

• emailed to [email protected]

We do not consider appeals by telephone or other informal means. Appeal requests should not be sent to the Editors-in-Chief of the journal.

Appeals will only be considered under the following circumstances:

1. When a reviewer or editor is thought to have made a significant factual error, or
2. When a reviewer or editor’s objectivity is compromised by a documented competing interest, and
3. When a reversal based on either of these grounds would change the original decision.

Authors will be asked to complete an Appeal Request Form providing confirmation of the reason(s) in the first instance. Authors will also be asked to provide a Response to Reviewers file containing a point-by-point response to comments provided by the editor(s) and any reviewers.

If the authors proceed, the original editor(s) will usually be asked to consider the appeal. Additional editorial board members may also be consulted. The editors will try to handle an appeal expeditiously; however, each appeal is unique and the journal cannot guarantee the turnaround time or the outcome.

Appeals of decisions made before review will only be considered in exceptional circumstances. Appeals of decisions noted as final will not be considered.

If an appeal is accepted, the manuscript must be resubmitted within four weeks of the appeal acceptance notification. Please contact the journal office at [email protected] with any questions.