Nigeriako Gerra Zibila - arruntean Biafrako Gerra deitua - 1967kouztailaren 7tik1970ekourtarrilaren 15era artean Nigeriako gobernua eta Biafrako estatu sezesionista artean izandako gatazkari ematen zaion izena da. Biafra igbo herriaren aldarrikapen nazionalista izan zen, iparraldetik zuzendutako gobernu federalak zapalduta zegoena. Nigeriaren deskolonizazioak 1960 eta 1963 artean eragindako tirabira politiko, ekonomiko, etniko, kultural eta erlijiosoek gatazka sortu zuten baina 1966ko estatu-kolpeak, kontraerasoak eta iparraldeko Nigerian bizi ziren igboen aurkako pogromak zuzeneko txinpartak izan ziren. Gainera Nigerren deltakopetrolio ustiapenak garrantzi estrategikoa izan zuen.
Handik urtebetera, gobernu federalak Biafra inguratu, petrolioaren azpiegituraz arduratu eta Port Harcourt hiria hartu zuen. Blokeoak gosetea eragin zuen eta, gerran zehar, 100.000 militar hiltzeaz gain 500.000 eta 2 milioi arteko briafar zibil ere gosez hil ziren.[13]
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Datuak: Q829875
