warnen

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German warnen (to watch over, protect), Old High German warnen (to deny, refuse, decline), from Proto-West Germanic *warnōn.

Cognate with Old Norse varna (to refuse), Old Saxon wernian (to decline, withhold), Old English wyrnan, English warn.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvaʁnən/ (standard)
  • IPA(key): /ˈvaːnən/, /ˈvaːnn̩/ (widespread, especially northern and central Germany)
  • Audio (Austria):(file)

Verb

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warnen (weak, third-person singular present warnt, past tense warnte, past participle gewarnt, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to warn, to caution, to admonish [with accusative ‘someone’ and vor (+ dative) ‘about/against something’]
    Kritiker warnen vor unabsehbaren Folgen für Gesundheit und Umwelt.
    Critics warn against the unpredictable impact on human health and the environment.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “warnen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

Further reading

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  • warnen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • warnen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • warnen” in Duden online
  • warnen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English wearnian.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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warnen

  1. to warn; admonish

Conjugation

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Descendants

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  • English: warn