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medio

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: medio-, médio, medió, and mediò

English

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Etymology

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From Spanish medio (“half, half-celemin, half-real, etc.”), from Latin medius (“half”), from Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Doublet of medium, media, and mediate.

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Noun

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medio (plural medios)

  1. (historical) A traditional Spanish unit of dry measure, equivalent to about 2.3 L.
  2. (historical) Any of various former Spanish and Latin American half-pieces, particularly the half-real both as a coin and a notional unit of account.

Synonyms

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Coordinate terms

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Esperanto

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Esperanto Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia eo

Etymology

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Likely a clipping of various Romance terms; compare Spanish medio ambiente, Portuguese meio ambiente, Catalan medi ambient. Ultimately from Latin medius. Doublet of mediano and mezo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [meˈdio]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -io
  • Hyphenation: me‧di‧o

Noun

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medio (accusative singular medion, plural medioj, accusative plural mediojn)

  1. environment (natural world or ecosystem)

Derived terms

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Galician

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Galician numbers (edit)
20[a], [b]
2 3  → [a], [b]
    Cardinal (standard / feminine): dúas
    Cardinal (reintegrationist / feminine): duas
    Cardinal (masculine): dous
    Ordinal: segundo
    Ordinal abbreviation: 2º
    Multiplier (standard): (noun) dobre
    Multiplier (reintegrationist): (noun) dobro
    Multiplier: (adjective) duplo
    Fractional (standard): (adjective) medio
    Fractional (reintegrationist): (adjective) meio
    Fractional: (noun) metade
Galician Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology

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13th century. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese medio, medeo, a learned borrowing from Latin medius.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈmedjo/ [ˈme.ð̞jʊ]
  • Rhymes: -edjo
  • Hyphenation: me‧dio

Adjective

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medio (feminine media, masculine plural medios, feminine plural medias)

  1. half
  2. average, typical
    Synonym: mediano
  3. (figuratively) the greater part
  4. central, at the midpoint

Derived terms

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See also

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Adverb

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medio

  1. partly, somewhat, not completely
    É medio parvo.
    He is somewhat stupid.

References

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Interlingua

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Noun

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medio (plural medios)

  1. means
  2. medium (material in/through which certain wave phenomena operate)

Italian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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medio m (plural medi)

  1. (anatomy) middle finger, tall man
    Synonym: dito medio

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Latin medius, whence also Italian mezzo (an inherited doublet).

Adjective

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medio (feminine media, masculine plural medi, feminine plural medie)

  1. mean, average
Derived terms
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terms related to "medio"

Etymology 3

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Verb

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medio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of mediare

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Found in Late and Vulgar Latin. From medius.

Verb

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mediō (present infinitive mediāre, perfect active mediāvī, supine mediātum); first conjugation

  1. to halve, divide in the middle
  2. to be in the middle
Conjugation
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   Conjugation of mediō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mediō mediās mediat mediāmus mediātis mediant
imperfect mediābam mediābās mediābat mediābāmus mediābātis mediābant
future mediābō mediābis mediābit mediābimus mediābitis mediābunt
perfect mediāvī mediāvistī mediāvit mediāvimus mediāvistis mediāvērunt,
mediāvēre
pluperfect mediāveram mediāverās mediāverat mediāverāmus mediāverātis mediāverant
future perfect mediāverō mediāveris mediāverit mediāverimus mediāveritis mediāverint
passive present medior mediāris,
mediāre 		mediātur mediāmur mediāminī mediantur
imperfect mediābar mediābāris,
mediābāre 		mediābātur mediābāmur mediābāminī mediābantur
future mediābor mediāberis,
mediābere 		mediābitur mediābimur mediābiminī mediābuntur
perfect mediātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect mediātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect mediātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mediem mediēs mediet mediēmus mediētis medient
imperfect mediārem mediārēs mediāret mediārēmus mediārētis mediārent
perfect mediāverim mediāverīs mediāverit mediāverīmus mediāverītis mediāverint
pluperfect mediāvissem mediāvissēs mediāvisset mediāvissēmus mediāvissētis mediāvissent
passive present medier mediēris,
mediēre 		mediētur mediēmur mediēminī medientur
imperfect mediārer mediārēris,
mediārēre 		mediārētur mediārēmur mediārēminī mediārentur
perfect mediātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect mediātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — mediā — — mediāte —
future — mediātō mediātō — mediātōte mediantō
passive present — mediāre — — mediāminī —
future — mediātor mediātor — — mediantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives mediāre mediāvisse mediātūrum esse mediārī mediātum esse mediātum īrī
participles mediāns — mediātūrus — mediātus mediandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
mediandī mediandō mediandum mediandō mediātum mediātū
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • French: moyer; → médier
  • Galician: meada
  • → Italian: mediare
  • Portuguese: mear, meado; → mediar
  • → Romanian: media
  • → Spanish: mediar
  • → English: mediate

Etymology 2

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Adjective

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mediō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of medius

References

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  • “medio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • medio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • medio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to remove a person: e or de medio tollere
    • (ambiguous) to leave a thing undecided: aliquid in medio, in dubio relinquere (Cael. 20. 48)
    • (ambiguous) to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere)
    • (ambiguous) let us leave that undecided: hoc in medio relinquamus

Portuguese

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Verb

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medio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of mediar

Spanish

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Spanish numbers (edit)
20[a], [b]
2 3  → 
    Cardinal: dos
    Ordinal: segundo
    Ordinal abbreviation: 2.º
    Multiplier: doble
    Collective: ambos
    Fractional: medio, mitad
Spanish Wikipedia article on 2

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed directly from Latin medius (“half”) rather than inherited through an Old Spanish form, possibly because the likely forms *meo and *meyo would have closely resembled mear (“to piss”),[1][2] ultimately from Proto-Italic *meðjos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between”). Compare Portuguese meio, which retained its original inherited form. In reference to spiritual mediums, calqued from Latin medium. Doublet of media. Cognate with English medium.

Adjective

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medio (feminine media, masculine plural medios, feminine plural medias)

  1. half (of or related to one of two equal divisions of a whole)
    media hora ― half hour
    media manzana ― half an apple
  2. (inexact) half (of or related to any large proportion of a whole)
    Medio Nueva York fue a los toros. ― Half of New York went to the bullfight.
  3. middle (placed more or less halfway between two positions, times, or alternatives)
    clase media ― middle class
  4. average (of or related to the arithmatic middle in a set of values)
    velocidad media ― average speed
  5. average (of or related to a representative example of a group)
    el español medio ― the average Spaniard... your typical Spaniard...
  6. (art) tasteful, bourgeois (well decorated or executed but not sublime)
  7. (linguistics) mid (of or related to the position of vowel articulation between open and closed)
  8. (grammar) middle, mediopassive (of or related to grammatical voices neither active nor passive)
  9. (Chile, slang, ironic, intensifier) impressive (extremely large or good)
    ¡Media bolsa! ― Such a huge bag! What an awesome bag! Whatta bag!

Adverb

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medio

  1. half, incompletely (indicating an action interrupted or only partially done)
    medio vestido ― half-dressed
  2. half, kind of (particularly used to partially soften negative descriptions)
    Synonym: un poco
    Es medio idiota. ― He’s a bit of an idiot... He’s kind of an idiot...

Noun

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medio m (plural medios)

  1. half (one of two equal parts of any whole)
    Synonym: mitad
    1. (mathematics) half (any fraction with a denominator of 2)
    2. (historical) medio, half-celemin (a traditional unit of dry measure equivalent to about 2.3 L)
      Synonyms: maquila (Spain); copín (Asturias); copino
    3. (historical) medio (the usual container used to measure medios)
    4. (historical, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela) medio, half-real (a former coin)
    5. (historical, Dominican Republic) medio, half-peso (a former coin)
    6. (historical, Ecuador) medio, half-sucre (a former coin)
    7. (historical, Panama) medio, half-balboa (a former coin)
    8. (historical, Bolivia) medio, half-boliviano (a former coin)
    9. (historical, Mexico) medio, half-octavo (a former coin equal to 1⁄16 real)
    10. (slang, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, Peru) medio (following decimalization, the notional amount of 6+1⁄4 centavos as half of the notional amount of a 1⁄8-peseta real and later by extension any 5 centavo coin)
  2. middle (the part of anything located halfway between its ends or extremes in time or along one dimension in space)
    Se despertó en medio de la noche. ― She awoke in the middle of the night.
    1. (sports) midfielder, halfback (a person forming part of the middle or central defensive or offensive line, especially in soccer)
    2. (spiritualism) Synonym of médium (“medium”) (a person claiming to the ability to communicate with the dead)
    3. (politics, business) cut (the payment demanded to permit or facilitate some action, especially as a bribe)
    4. (philosophy) middle term (the general category that appears in both premises and disappears in the conclusion)
    5. (mathematics, usually in the plural) mean (the second and third terms of a proportion)
  3. (inexact) center, heart (the innermost part of anything with regard to all dimensions)
    Alemania está en medio de Europa. ― Germany is in the middle of Europe.
    en medio de la nada ― in the middle of nowhere
  4. (often in the plural) method, way, means (the actions or things by which some goal is achieved or intended to be achieved, something serving some purpose)
    El fin justifica los medios. ― The end justifies the means.
    por todos los medios ― by any means
    Se mejoraron los medios de transporte. ― Means of transport were improved.
    1. Synonym of diligencia (“diligence, hard work”) (as the generally effective means to achieve any goal)
    2. (usually in the plural) medium (a means of communication, especially mass communication)
  5. (physics) medium (the physical space and substance through which some phenomenon occurs)
    La velocidad de la luz depende del medio. ― The speed of light depends on the medium.
    1. (art) medium (the physical substances with which art is made)
      ¿Cuál es tu medio de pintura favorito?
      What's your favorite painting medium?
    2. environment (the circumstances that affect a person or animal's development)
      Synonyms: ambiente, medio ambiente
    3. society (the circumstances in which a person or group of people lives)
    4. (usually in the plural) circle (a particular segment of society)
      medios aristocráticos ― aristocratic circles... the aristocracy...
    5. habitat (the circumstances in which an animal or group of animals lives)
Coordinate terms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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medio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of mediar

References

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  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “medio”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
  2. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “medio”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

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Anagrams

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