makan
Banjarese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Malayic *makan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.
Verb
[edit]makan
- to eat (consume)
Central Dusun
[edit]Verb
[edit]makan
- to eat
Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Malay makan, from Proto-Malayic *makan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.
Cognate with Pattani Malay ماکٍي (makɛ), Minangkabau makan, Banjarese makan, Iban makai, Urak Lawoi' มากัด (makat), Tagalog kain.
Verb
[edit]makan (active memakan, passive dimakan, involuntary/perfective passive termakan)
- to eat
- (transitive, intransitive) to consume (something solid or half solid, usually food) by putting it into the mouth and swallowing it
- Tadi pagi aku memakan nasi dan ikan.
- This morning I ate rice and fish.
- (intransitive) to consume a meal
- Kita akan makan di rumahnya.
- We will eat at his house.
- (copulative, intransitive) to have a particular quality of diet
- Makan yang sehat. ― Eat healthy.
- (transitive) to destroy, consume, or use up
- (transitive, intransitive) to consume (something solid or half solid, usually food) by putting it into the mouth and swallowing it
- (transitive) to chew repeatedly
- Synonym: kunyah-kunyah
- (usually followed by "biaya", transitive) to cost (to incur a charge of; to require payment of a (specified) price)
- Synonym: berbiaya
- Pembangunan rumah sakit ini memakan biaya yang banyak.
- The construction of this hospital cost a lot of money.
- (transitive) to take (to consume time)
- Pembangunan sekolah ini memakan waktu yang lama.
- The construction of this school took a long time.
- (of a dangerous chemical, transitive, figuratively, uncommon) to injure (to wound or cause physical harm to a living creature)
- Synonym: lukai
Adjective
[edit]makan
- (figuratively) working (functioning properly)
- Synonym: bekerja
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]makan
- (figuratively) livelihood (a means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income))
- Synonym: penghidupan
Further reading
[edit]- “makan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
- “memakan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Malayic *makan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.
First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (mākan) in the form nimākan (current spelling dimakan).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]makan (Jawi spelling ماکن)
- to eat
- consume, spend
- to injure or penetrate
- (impersonal) to work as expected
- fit in
- to follow (an advice)
- to receive bribes or illegally obtained money
Derived terms
[edit]Regular affixed derivations:
- pemakan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pemakanan [passive / name of profession + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (pe- + -an)
- makanan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- memakan [agent focus] (meN-)
- memakankan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dimakan [patient focus] (di-)
- dimakankan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- termakan [agentless action] (teR-)
- bermakan [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “makan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]makan
Tagalog
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From either Spanish macan (“bruised”), an inflection of macar (“to bruise”), or Spanish Macán, an obsolete form of Macao according to Manuel (1948), it is supposedly from Macao, due to Noceda & Sanlucar (1860) defining it as "Arroz de tubigan, bueno y oloroso, uno es blanco y otro colorado. Vino la semilla de Macan." and an early account of Fr. Domingo de Salazar (1583) saying that they have located it at "la ysla de Macan, donde viven los Portugueses que estan junto a la ciudad de Cantón, en la China,...".
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /maˈkan/ [mɐˈxan̪]
- Rhymes: -an
- Syllabification: ma‧kan
Noun
[edit]makán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜈ᜔)
- (botany) a type of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa, sometimes subspecies O. s. indica) grown across the Philippines with a variety of white rice and red rice, often considered as a second-class rice
- (zoology) a species of pig with a savory meat when cooked
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “makan” at KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino[1], Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2021
- “makan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Manuel, E. Arsenio (1948) Chinese elements in the Tagalog language: with some indication of Chinese influence on other Philippine languages and cultures and an excursion into Austronesian linguistics, Manila: Filipiniana Publications, page 40
- Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves[2] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Banjarese lemmas
- Banjarese verbs
- Central Dusun lemmas
- Central Dusun verbs
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/kan
- Rhymes:Indonesian/kan/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/an
- Rhymes:Indonesian/an/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/n
- Rhymes:Indonesian/n/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian transitive verbs
- Indonesian intransitive verbs
- Indonesian terms with usage examples
- Indonesian copulative verbs
- Indonesian terms with uncommon senses
- Indonesian adjectives
- Indonesian clippings
- Indonesian nouns
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/kan
- Rhymes:Malay/kan/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Malay/an
- Rhymes:Malay/an/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Malay impersonal verbs
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish noun forms
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/an
- Rhymes:Tagalog/an/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- tl:Botany
- tl:Zoology