di-

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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PIE word
*dwóh₁

Borrowed from Latin di-, from Ancient Greek δι- (di-, two).

Prefix

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Greek number prefix
2 Previous: mono-
Next: tri-

di-

  1. Two.
    diacetate is any salt or ester having two acetate groups, dialkene is any alkene having two double bonds, diarchy is a state under the rule of two people; the form of government of such state, diactinal is having two rays
  2. Double, twice the quantity.
    diglossia is the presence of a cleft or doubled tongue, dicatalectic is doubly catalectic, at both the middle and the end of the verse, dichoree is a double choree
  3. A pair.
    diblock is of or pertaining to two blocks together, dimeson is a bound pair of mesons, dijet is a pair of jets
  4. Both, possessing two distinct (possibly opposing) qualities.
    dikinetic is having both metakinetic and mesokinetic joints, dialetheism is the theory that statements can be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense, dianalytic is describing a function that is analytic or antianalytic with regards to both the domain and codomain
Synonyms
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Synonyms: duo-, bi-, bis-

Translations
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Latin dis-.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Alternative form of dis-: split, to split; shortened before l, m, n, r, s (followed by a consonant), and v; also often shortened before g, and sometimes before j.
    divide is to split or separate (something) into two or more parts, diverge is to run apart; to separate; to tend into different directions

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from Ancient Greek δῐά (diá, through).

Prefix

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di-

  1. Alternative form of dia-: across or through, before a vowel.
    diactinic is capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light, dielectric is an electrically insulating or nonconducting material considered for its electric susceptibility, ie its property of polarization when exposed to an external electric field

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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Danish

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Prefix

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di-

  1. two

Derived terms

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. meaning two, twice, or double
    dioxide
    dioxide
    dipool
    diople

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Derived from Latin di-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [di]
  • Hyphenation: di

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Internationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di- (double, twin)
    Synonyms: bi-, kaksois-

Derived terms

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compounds

French

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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German

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. di-

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • di-” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (verb perfective infix for object focus). Doublet of -in-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. (transitive) Patient focus, used in an OVA sentence.
    dimakanto be eaten

Derived terms

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Italian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /di/
  • Hyphenation: di-

Etymology 1

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From Latin de- (indicating removal or descent).

Prefix

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di-

  1. de-
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
Derived terms
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Javanese

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Romanization

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di-

  1. Romanization of ꦢꦶ-

Kongo

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *di-.

Prefix

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di- (plural ma-)

  1. class 5 prefix
  2. class 5 subject prefix

Latin

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Prefix

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dī-

  1. Alternative form of dis-
Usage notes
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Occurs before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st, v, and occasionally before consonantal i.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from δίς (dís, twice, doubly).

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. Two, double; di-.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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English: di-

Malay

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Etymology

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From Late Old Malay ni-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (verb perfective infix for object focus). Doublet of -in-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /di/
    • (with consonant-initial stem) IPA(key): [di-]
    • (with vowel-initial stem) IPA(key): [diʔ-]

Prefix

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di- (Jawi spelling before consonant-initial stems د-, Jawi spelling before vowel-initial stems دأ-)

  1. (third person) Patient focus or passive voice marker of a verb.
    di- + ‎buka (to open) → ‎dibuka (was opened)
    Pintu itu dibuka (oleh) ayah.
    That door was opened by dad.

Usage notes

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  • According to the DBP's prescriptive grammar, this prefix is to be exclusively used in the third person.
    • Patient focus sentences in the first and second persons are formed by following the subject of a sentence with the stem form of a verb.
    • The difference mentioned above is as so:
      • Third person
        Makanan itu ditelan (oleh) dia.
        That food was swallowed by him/her.
      • First/Second person
        Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
        That food was swallowed by me/you.
    • The first/second person form of the so-called "patient focus" or "passive voice" sentence is regularly used in informal or everyday speech with an "agent focus" or "active voice" meaning so the example first/second person sentence above can be interpreted as so:
      Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
      I/You swallowed that food.
  • When the sentence agent appears right after the verb as in "The homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.", it can optionally be preceded by the preposition oleh, so the aforementioned sentence can be translated in the two ways shown below:
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan Adam dalam tiga minit.
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan oleh Adam dalam tiga minit.
    That homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.
  • If the sentence agent does not appear right after the verb as in "The homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.", the oleh preposition is now compulsory, as in the sentence below:
    Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan dalam tiga minit oleh Adam.
    That homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.

Derived terms

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See also

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  • di- -kan (passive causitive or locative)
  • di- -i (passive causitive or benefactive)
  • meng- (active)
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Etymology 1

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Represents multiple homophonous thematic and aspectual prefixes of position I and VI, whose exact meaning and etymology remain mostly speculative.

Prefix

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di- (position I)

  1. fire, near or into it

► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix di-

di- (position VI)

Young and Morgan (1987) identify 14 or so thematic prefixes, among others:

  1. fire, light
  2. arms and legs
  3. extension, elongated shape
  4. noise, sound, oral, food, sensory
  5. color (see also dini-)
  6. relinquishment, relief
  7. sanctity
  8. Unclassified, often entering in the formation of other prefix compounds

Four modal-aspectual uses are also distinguished:

  1. Forms a number of inceptive verbs, with a (∅/si) paradigm.
  2. Forms a number of inchoative verbs, with prepounded dah and a transitional (yii/yii) paradigm.
  3. Forms the future mode of all active verbs along with the progressive yi-.
  4. Forms a number of neuter adjectivals.

► Navajo verbs with prefix di-

Etymology 2

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Probably cognate with a prefix of similar shape occurring in other Athabascan languages a reflexive possessive pronoun.

Probably cognate with classifier -d- marking passive and reflexive verbs.

Prefix

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di- (position IV)

  1. Personal prefix used in combination with the prefix of position I à-, marking the reflexive verbs. It always triggers a classifier shift (d, łl).
    yishchʼidI'm scratching it
    nishchʼidI'm scratching you
    ádíshchʼidI'm scratching myself
    ánááshchʼidI'm scratching myself again

Northern Sotho

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin dī-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /di/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
    Synonyms: bi-, dwu-
    di- + ‎chromatyczny → ‎dichromatyczny

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • di- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di- (two, twice or double)

Derived terms

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Sotho

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Spanish

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Etymology 1

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From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, twice).

Prefix

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di-

  1. di-
    Synonyms: bi-, duo-
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Latin dis or Latin di.

Prefix

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di-

  1. dis-
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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From Proto-Philippine *di.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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dî- (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

  1. non-; un-; de-

Derived terms

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Tswana

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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di-

  1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Welsh

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Etymology

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Proto-Celtic *dī- (from, of), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Cornish di-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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di-

  1. intensifying prefix
    di- + ‎goddef → ‎dioddef
    di- + ‎golwch → ‎diolch
  2. without, -less, de-, a-, negative prefix
    Synonyms: af-, an-, dis-
    di- + ‎enw (name) → ‎dienw (anonymous)
    di- + ‎paid (pause, respite) → ‎di-baid (ceaseless, incessant)
    di- + ‎swydd (job, office) + ‎-o → ‎diswyddo (dismiss, discharge, sack, make redundant)

Usage notes

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The negative prefix di- indicates a lack of something and is most often attached to a noun in a similar manner to English -less, e.g. dienw (anonymous, nameless), di-waith (unemployed (“workless”)), diobaith (hopeless). In contrast, af- and an- simply denote the negative form of the following root rather than the lack of it.

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
di- ddi- ni- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “di-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Makian

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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di-

  1. third-person plural possessive prefix, their
    di omatheir children
  2. (polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her
    mene de ti deto di musalathis is my grandmother's mat

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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di-

  1. (inanimate) alternative form of da- (its) when preceded by a root-initial i

See also

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References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics