gajah

Acehnese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Noun

gajah

1. elephant (mammal)

Brunei Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गज (gaja) (compare Malay gajah).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.d͡ʒah/

Noun

gajah

1. elephant

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• gadjah (1947-1972)

Etymology

From Malay gajah, from Classical Malay gajah (“elephant”), from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡad͡ʒah/ [ˈɡa.d͡ʒah]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ad͡ʒah
• Syllabification: ga‧jah

Noun

gajah (first-person possessive gajahku, second-person possessive gajahmu, third-person possessive gajahnya)

1. elephant (mammal)
2. (chess) bishop
3. (figurative) big-sized objects

Synonyms

• liman

See also

Chess pieces in Indonesian · buah catur (see also: catur) (layout · text)
raja	menteri, patih, ratu, ster	benteng	gajah, loper, menteri, luncung, luncur, peluncur	kuda	bidak, pion, prajurit

Further reading

• “gajah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

gajah

1. Romanization of ꦒꦗꦃ

Maguindanao

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay gajah, from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Maguindanaon) IPA^(key): /ˈɡad͡ʒah/ [ˈɡa.d͡ʒʌh]
• Rhymes: -ad͡ʒah
• Syllabification: ga‧jah

Noun

gajah (Jawi spelling ݢَاْجَهْ)

1. elephant (mammal)

Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गज (gaja). Partially displaced liman.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡa.d͡ʒah]
• Rhymes: -d͡ʒah, -ah
• Hyphenation: ga‧jah

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

Noun

gajah (Jawi spelling ݢاجه, plural gajah-gajah, informal 1st possessive gajahku, 2nd possessive gajahmu, 3rd possessive gajahnya)

1. An elephant; a type of mammal.

   Gajah mempunyai kulit tebal.

   Elephants have thick skin.

2. (sports) The bishop piece in chess.
3. (in certain compound nouns) A giant.

   Antonym: padi

   nyamuk gajah ― giant mosquito

Affixations

• bergajah (“to ride an elephant”)
• gajah-gajahan (“to play chess; elephantisis”)
• menggajah (“to appear big”)

 

Compounds

• badak gajah
• gajah Afrika
• gajah Asia
• gajah bara
• gajah barat
• gajah guling
• gajah India
• gajah lalang
• gajah laut
• gajah menung
• gajah menyusu
• gajah mina
• gajah patah
• gajah tunggal
• nyamuk gajah

 

Descendants

• Indonesian: gajah
• → Bikol Central: gadyâ
• → Cebuano: gadyâ
• → Maguindanao: gajah
• → Tagalog: gadya
• → Tausug: gadja

See also

Chess pieces in Malay · buah catur بواه چاتور (layout · text)
raja, syah راج, شاه	bendahara, menteri, permaisuri, ratu بنداهارا, منتري, ڤرمايسوري, راتو	benteng, tir بينتيڠ, تير	gajah ݢاجه	kuda کودا	bidak, piadah, pion بيدق, ڤياده, ڤيون

References

• Traces of Contact in the Lexicon‎^[1], Brill, 2023, →ISBN, page 39
• Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1994, →ISBN, pages 65-6
• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “ݣاجه gadjah”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 98
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “ݢاجه gajah”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 557
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “gajah”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 318

Further reading

• “gajah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Javanese

Noun

gajah

1. Alternative spelling of gaja (“elephant”)

Sundanese

Romanization

gajah

1. Romanization of ᮌᮏᮂ