肥
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]肥 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月日山 (BAU), four-corner 77217, composition ⿰月巴(GJKV) or ⿰⺼巴(HT))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29290
- Dae Jaweon: page 1426, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2055, character 1
- Unihan data for U+80A5
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 肥 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 肥 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 肥 |
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Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Shuowen Jiezi: Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 肉 (“meat”) + 卪 (“person kneeling”). Ji Xusheng (2004) posits that its actually a phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *bɯl) : semantic 肉 + abbreviated phonetic 妃 (OC *pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl).
Etymology 1
[edit]STEDT provisionally assigns this to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bu ~ bur.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fei2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фи (fi, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fii4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): fei1
- Northern Min (KCR): bṳ̂
- Eastern Min (BUC): bùi / pì
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6bi; 6vi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: féi
- Wade–Giles: fei2
- Yale: féi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feir
- Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /feɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fei2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fei
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фи (fi, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fi²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fei4 / fai6
- Yale: fèih / faih
- Cantonese Pinyin: fei4 / fai6
- Guangdong Romanization: féi4 / fei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei̯²¹/, /fɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: fai6 - rare.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fii4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɨi³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phì
- Hakka Romanization System: piˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pi2
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: fei1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /fei¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /py³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bùi / pì
- Sinological IPA (key): /pui⁵³/, /pʰi⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- bùi - vernacular;
- pì - literary.
- Southern Min
Note:
- pûi - vernacular;
- hûi - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 肥 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /fei³⁵/ |
Harbin | /fei²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /fei⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /fei⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /fe⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /fi⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /fi²⁴/ | |
Xining | /fɨ²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /fei⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /fei⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /fei⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /fei²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /fei³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /fei²¹/ | |
Kunming | /fei³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /fəi²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /fe⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /fei¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /xuei¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /fei³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /vi²³/ /bi²³/ |
Suzhou | /vi¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /bi²¹³/ /vi²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /vei³¹/ /bei³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /fe⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /fe⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /fei¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɸəi¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /fɨi⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /pʰi¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /pʰui¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fei²¹/ |
Nanning | /fi²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /fei²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hui³⁵/ /pui³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /puoi⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /py³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /pui⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔbui³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: bj+j
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b][ə]r/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯl/
Definitions
[edit]肥
- fat; plump; obese (adjective)
- fat; fatness (noun)
- fertile
- fertiliser
- (usually derogatory) benefit; advantage; gain
Usage notes
[edit]- In northern varieties, including Standard Mandarin, 肥 (féi) is usually used for animals, and people are described as 胖 (pàng). This distinction is not seen in southern varieties, such as Cantonese, Hakka, and Min.
Synonyms
[edit]- (fat):
- (benefit):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “fat”): 瘦 (shòu, “skinny”)
Compounds
[edit]- 乘堅策肥/乘坚策肥
- 乘肥衣輕/乘肥衣轻
- 乘輕驅肥/乘轻驱肥
- 乾肥/干肥
- 供膳甘肥
- 保肥
- 兄肥弟瘦
- 分肥
- 化學肥料/化学肥料 (huàxué féiliào)
- 合肥 (Héféi)
- 圊肥
- 圈肥
- 基肥
- 堆肥 (duīféi)
- 壅肥
- 子夏肥
- 完全肥料
- 尿肥
- 底肥
- 廄肥/厩肥 (jiùféi)
- 心寬體肥/心宽体肥
- 挑肥揀瘦/挑肥拣瘦 (tiāoféijiǎnshòu)
- 揀精揀肥/拣精拣肥
- 損人肥己/损人肥己
- 擇肥而噬/择肥而噬
- 施肥 (shīféi)
- 春肥
- 有機肥料/有机肥料 (yǒujī féiliào)
- 氮肥 (dànféi)
- 水肥
- 泥肥
- 減肥/减肥 (jiǎnféi)
- 漚肥/沤肥 (òuféi)
- 無機肥料/无机肥料 (wújī féiliào)
- 燕瘦環肥/燕瘦环肥
- 環肥燕瘦/环肥燕瘦
- 瓠肥
- 甘旨肥濃/甘旨肥浓
- 畜肥
- 痴肥 (chīféi)
- 瘠人肥己
- 瘠己肥人
- 直接肥料 (zhíjiē féiliào)
- 硬肥皂
- 硼肥
- 磷肥
- 秋高馬肥/秋高马肥
- 窖肥 (jiàoféi)
- 粒肥 (lìféi)
- 糞肥/粪肥 (fènféi)
- 紅瘦綠肥/红瘦绿肥
- 綠肥/绿肥 (lǜféi)
- 綠肥作物/绿肥作物
- 綠肥紅瘦/绿肥红瘦
- 肥仔 (féizǎi)
- 肥佬
- 肥冬瘦年
- 肥分
- 肥力 (féilì)
- 肥勻明秀/肥匀明秀
- 肥厚
- 肥吃海喝
- 肥喏
- 肥嘟嘟 (féidūdū)
- 肥土 (féitǔ)
- 肥地 (féidì)
- 肥壯/肥壮 (féizhuàng)
- 肥大 (féidà)
- 肥妹
- 肥婆 (féipó)
- 肥嫩
- 肥家
- 肥實/肥实 (féishí)
- 肥屍大隻/肥尸大只
- 肥差 (féichāi)
- 肥強/肥强
- 肥效 (féixiào)
- 肥料 (féiliào)
- 肥水
- 肥沃 (féiwò)
- 肥沃月灣/肥沃月湾
- 肥油 (féiyóu)
- 肥河
- 肥源 (féiyuán)
- 肥溜溜
- 肥滿/肥满 (féimǎn)
- 肥滾滾/肥滚滚
- 肥澤/肥泽
- 肥煤
- 肥甘
- 肥田 (féitián)
- 肥田粉
- 肥田草
- 肥瘠 (féijí)
- 肥瘦 (féishòu)
- 肥瘦兒/肥瘦儿
- 肥皂 (féizào)
- 肥皂劇/肥皂剧 (féizàojù)
- 肥皂泡 (féizàopào)
- 肥皂粉 (féizàofěn)
- 肥皂絲/肥皂丝
- 肥皂莢/肥皂荚
- 肥盛
- 肥碩/肥硕 (féishí)
- 肥缺 (féiquē)
- 肥羊 (féiyáng)
- 肥羊肉
- 肥美 (féiměi)
- 肥肉 (féiròu)
- 肥育 (féiyù)
- 肥肥胖胖
- 肥胖 (féipàng)
- 肥胖症 (féipàngzhèng)
- 肥腸/肥肠 (féicháng)
- 肥腴
- 肥腯
- 肥腸兒/肥肠儿
- 肥腸滿腦/肥肠满脑
- 肥膘
- 肥膩/肥腻 (féinì)
- 肥蟲蟻/肥虫蚁
- 肥豬/肥猪 (féizhū)
- 肥遁
- 肥遯/肥遁
- 肥遯鳴高/肥遁鸣高
- 肥頭大耳/肥头大耳 (féitóudà'ěr)
- 肥頭耷耳/肥头耷耳
- 肥饒/肥饶 (féiráo)
- 肥馬輕裘/肥马轻裘
- 肥鮮/肥鲜
- 腦滿腸肥/脑满肠肥 (nǎomǎnchángféi)
- 腸肥腦滿/肠肥脑满
- 自肥 (zìféi)
- 苦土肥料
- 葉肥/叶肥
- 葉面施肥/叶面施肥
- 裘馬輕肥/裘马轻肥
- 複合肥料/复合肥料
- 複肥/复肥
- 豬頭肥/猪头肥
- 趙禮讓肥/赵礼让肥
- 軟肥皂/软肥皂 (ruǎnféizào)
- 輕肥/轻肥
- 輕裘肥馬/轻裘肥马
- 追肥 (zhuīféi)
- 速效肥料
- 遲效肥料/迟效肥料
- 鉀肥/钾肥
- 雜肥/杂肥
- 非肥皂
- 食言而肥 (shíyán'érféi)
- 飫甘饜肥/饫甘餍肥
- 養家肥己/养家肥己
- 骨肥
- 魚肥/鱼肥
- 麵肥/面肥 (miànfěi)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Shortened from 肥佬 (fei4 lou2), from English fail.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fei4
- Yale: fèih
- Cantonese Pinyin: fei4
- Guangdong Romanization: féi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]肥
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (a test)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (someone) in a test
References
[edit]- “肥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]肥
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: び (bi)
- Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
- Kun: こやし (koyashi, 肥やし, Jōyō); こえ (koe, 肥, Jōyō); こえる (koeru, 肥える, Jōyō); こやす (koyasu, 肥やす, Jōyō); ふとる (futoru, 肥る)
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
肥 |
こえ Grade: 5 |
kun'yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]肥: Hán Nôm readings: phì, phè, phề
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Zhuang
[edit]Noun
[edit]肥
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading こ・やし
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こえ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こ・える
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こ・やす
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ふと・る
- Japanese terms spelled with 肥 read as こえ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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