感慨

Chinese

		to feel; to move; to touch to feel; to move; to touch; to affect	generous; sad
trad. (感慨)		感	慨
simp. #(感慨)		感	慨
alternative forms		感嘅

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎnkǎi

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˇ ㄎㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam² koi³

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kám-khói
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kám-khài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gam² kai³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎnkǎi [Phonetic: gánkǎi]
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˇ ㄎㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎnkǎi
    • Wade–Giles: kan³-kʻai³
    • Yale: gǎn-kǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaankae
    • Palladius: ганькай (ganʹkaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 感嘅 感慨

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gam² koi³
    • Yale: gám koi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam² koi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem² koi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵ kʰɔːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kám-khói
    • Hakka Romanization System: gam^ˋ koi^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gam³ koi³
    • Sinological IPA: /kam³¹ kʰoi̯³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kám-khài
    • Tâi-lô: kám-khài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafmqaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gam² kai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kám khài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰai²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: komX khojH

Rime
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古禫切	苦蓋切
Baxter	komX	khojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌmX/	/kʰʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kəmX/	/kʰəiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒmX/	/kʰɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəmX/	/kʰəjH/
Li Rong	/kᴀmX/	/kʰᴀiH/
Wang Li	/kɒmX/	/kʰɒiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kămX/	/kʰɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǎn	kài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam2	hoi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤ[ə]mʔ  [kʰ]ˤə[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kɯːmʔ  kʰɯːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǎn	kài
Middle Chinese	‹ komX ›	‹ khojH ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁ[ə]mʔ/	/*[kʰ]ˁə[t]-s/
English	move (emotionally) (v.t.)	disappointed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13498	5814
Phonetic component	咸	旡
Rime group	侵	隊
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	感	磕
Old Chinese	/*kɯːmʔ/	/*kʰɯːds/

Verb

感慨

1. to have a stirring of emotion and sigh with regret

Derived terms

• 感慨萬千 / 感慨万千
• 感慨系之

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (感慨):

• → Japanese: 感慨(かんがい) (kangai)
• → Korean: 감개(感慨) (gamgae)
• → Vietnamese: cảm khái (感慨)

See also

• 感嘆／感叹 (gǎntàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
感	慨
かん Grade: 3	がい Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
感慨 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かんがい [kàńgáí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋɡa̠i]

Noun

感(かん)慨(がい) • (kangai) 

1. strong emotion, deep emotion

Derived terms

• 感慨一入
• 感慨無量
• 感慨深い

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.