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# {{lb|mul|mathematics}} The symbol for [[rank#English-matrix|rank]].
# {{lb|mul|mathematics}} The symbol for [[rank#English-matrix|rank]].

----


==English==
==English==
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ɹæŋk/}}
* {{IPA|en|/ɹæŋk/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-rank.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-rank.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|æŋk|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|en|æŋk|s=1}}


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{{en-adj|er|more}}
{{en-adj|er|more}}


# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[strong|Strong]]; [[powerful]]; capable of acting or being used with great effect; [[energetic]]; [[vigorous]]; [[headstrong]].
# Strong of its kind or in character; [[unmitigated]]; [[virulent]]; [[thorough]]; [[utter]] (used of negative things).
## Strong in growth; growing with vigour or rapidity, hence, coarse or gross.
##: {{ux|en|'''rank''' grass}}
##: {{ux|en|'''rank''' weeds}}
##* {{RQ:KJV|Genesis|41|5|passage=And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, '''rank''' and good.}}
##* {{quote-book|en|year=1944|author={{w|Cecil Street|Miles Burton}}
|title=[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL10563347W The Three Corpse Trick]|chapter=5
|passage=The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of '''rank''' weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.}}
### Causing strong growth; producing luxuriantly; [[rich]] and [[fertile]].
###: {{ux|en|'''rank''' land}}
###* {{RQ:Mortimer Husbandry|passage= fow Sprat or Fullum Barley, which is the best for '''rank''' Land, because it doth not run {{long s}}o much to Straw}}
### Suffering from [[overgrowth]] or [[hypertrophy]]; [[plethoric]].
###* {{RQ:Conrad Heart of Darkness|part=I|passage=The moon had spread over everything a thin layer of silver—over the '''rank''' grass, over the mud, upon the wall of matted vegetation standing higher than the wall of a temple {{...}}}}
## Strong to the senses; [[offensive]]; [[noisome]].
### Having a very strong and bad [[taste]] or [[odor]].
###: {{syn|en|stinky|smelly|pongy|q3=UK}}
###: {{ux|en|Your gym clothes are '''rank''', bro – when'd you last wash 'em?}}
###* {{RQ:Boyle Sceptical Chymist|passage=Divers sea fowls taste '''rank''' of the fish on which they ordinarily feed.}}
### {{lb|en|informal}} [[gross|Gross]], [[disgusting]], [[foul]].
# {{lb|en|intensifier, negative}} [[complete]], [[unmitigated]], [[utter]].
#: {{syn|en|thorough|virulent}}
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' treason}}
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' treason}}
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' nonsense}}
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' nonsense}}
#* {{quote-web|en|author=Phil McNulty|authorlink=Phil McNulty|title=[[w:Tunisia national football team|Tunisia]] 1 – 2 [[w:England national football team|England]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421215852/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44434276|archivedate=21 April 2019|work={{w|BBC Sport}}|date=18 June 2018|passage=England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue of '''rank''' carelessness from [[w:Gareth Southgate|[Gareth] Southgate]]'s side.}}
# Strong in growth; growing with vigour or rapidity, hence, coarse or gross.
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' grass}}
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' weeds}}
#* {{RQ:KJV|Genesis|41|5}}
#*: And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, '''rank''' and good.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1944|author={{w|Cecil Street|Miles Burton}}
|title=[https://openlibrary.org/works/OL10563347W The Three Corpse Trick]|chapter=5
|passage=The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of '''rank''' weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.}}
# Suffering from [[overgrowth]] or [[hypertrophy]]; [[plethoric]].
#* {{RQ:Conrad Heart of Darkness|part=I|passage=The moon had spread over everything a thin layer of silver—over the '''rank''' grass, over the mud, upon the wall of matted vegetation standing higher than the wall of a temple {{...}}}}
# Causing strong growth; producing luxuriantly; [[rich]] and [[fertile]].
#: {{ux|en|'''rank''' land}}
#* {{RQ:Mortimer Husbandry|passage= fow Sprat or Fullum Barley, which is the best for '''rank''' Land, because it doth not run {{long s}}o much to Straw}}
# Strong to the senses; [[offensive]]; [[noisome]].
# Having a very strong and bad [[taste]] or [[odor]].
#: {{syn|en|stinky|smelly|pongy|q3=UK}}
#: {{ux|en|Your gym clothes are '''rank''', bro – when'd you last wash 'em?}}
#* {{RQ:Boyle Sceptical Chymist|passage=Divers sea fowls taste '''rank''' of the fish on which they ordinarily feed.}}
# [[complete|Complete]], used as an [[intensifier]] (usually negative, referring to incompetence).
#: {{syn|en|complete|utter}}
#: {{ux|en|I am a '''rank''' amateur as a wordsmith.}}
#: {{ux|en|I am a '''rank''' amateur as a wordsmith.}}
#* {{quote-web|en|author=w:Phil McNulty|title=[[w:Tunisia national football team|Tunisia]] 1 – 2 [[w:England national football team|England]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421215852/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44434276|archivedate=21 April 2019|work=w:BBC Sport|date=18 June 2018|passage=England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue of '''rank''' carelessness from [[w:Gareth Southgate|[Gareth] Southgate]]'s side.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=March 1, 2011|author=Phil McNulty|work=BBC
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=March 1, 2011|author=Phil McNulty|work=BBC
|title=[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/9405635.stm Chelsea 2-1 Man Utd]
|title=[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/9405635.stm Chelsea 2-1 Man Utd]
|passage=Chelsea remain '''rank''' outsiders to retain their crown and they still lie 12 points adrift of United, but Ancelotti will regard this as a performance that supports his insistence that they can still have a say when the major prizes are handed out this season.}}
|passage=Chelsea remain '''rank''' outsiders to retain their crown and they still lie 12 points adrift of United, but Ancelotti will regard this as a performance that supports his insistence that they can still have a say when the major prizes are handed out this season.}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} [[gross|Gross]], [[disgusting]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[strong|Strong]]; [[powerful]]; capable of acting or being used with great effect; [[energetic]]; [[vigorous]]; [[headstrong]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[lustful]]; [[lascivious]]
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[lustful]]; [[lascivious]]
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Merchant of Venice|1|3|passage=the ewes being '''rank''', <br>In end of autumn turned to the rams}}
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Merchant of Venice|1|3|passage=the ewes being '''rank''', <br>In end of autumn turned to the rams}}
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{{trans-top|strong in growth}}
{{trans-top|strong in growth}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|bujný}}, {{t|cs|bujně rostoucí}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|bujný}}, {{t|cs|bujně rostoucí}}
{{trans-mid}}
* German: {{t+|de|geil}} {{qualifier|archaic}}
* German: {{t+|de|geil}} {{qualifier|archaic}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|burjánzó}}, {{t+|hu|buja}}, {{t+|hu|dús}}, {{t+|hu|sűrű}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|uaibhreach}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


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* Catalan: {{t|ca|ranci}}
* Catalan: {{t|ca|ranci}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|腥|tr=xīng}}, {{t+|cmn|臭|tr=chòu|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|腥|tr=xīng}}, {{t+|cmn|臭|tr=chòu}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stinkend}}, {{t+|nl|rans}}, {{t+|nl|ranzig}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stinkend}}, {{t+|nl|rans}}, {{t+|nl|ranzig}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|löyhkäävä}}, {{t+|fi|lemuava}}, {{t+|fi|haiseva}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|löyhkäävä}}, {{t+|fi|lemuava}}, {{t+|fi|haiseva}}
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* German: {{t+|de|stinkend}}
* German: {{t+|de|stinkend}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ταγγός}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ταγγός}}
* Hungarian: {{t|hu|[[orrfacsaró]]/[[penetráns]] ([[szagú]])}}, {{t+|hu|büdös}}, {{t+|hu|bűzös}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|borb}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|borb}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|puzzolente}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|puzzolente}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|臭い|tr=くさい, kusai|sc=Jpan}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|臭い|tr=くさい, kusai|sc=Jpan}}
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{{trans-top|highly offensive; disgusting}}
{{trans-top|highly offensive; disgusting}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|odporný}}, {{t+|cs|hnusný}}
* German: {{t+|de|ekelhaft}}
* German: {{t+|de|ekelhaft}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|visszataszító}}, {{t+|hu|ocsmány}}, {{t+|hu|undorító}}, {{t+|hu|gusztustalan}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|ripugnante}}, {{t+|it|repellente}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|ripugnante}}, {{t+|it|repellente}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|repugnante}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|repugnante}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|отврати́тельный}}, {{t+|ru|ме́рзкий}}, {{t+|ru|омерзи́тельный}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|отврати́тельный}}, {{t+|ru|ме́рзкий}}, {{t+|ru|омерзи́тельный}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|breun}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|breun}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|repugnante}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|repugnante}}
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# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[quickly|Quickly]], [[eagerly]], [[impetuously]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[quickly|Quickly]], [[eagerly]], [[impetuously]].
#* {{RQ:Spenser Faerie Queene|II|iii|passage=The seely man seeing him ryde so '''rancke''', / And ayme at him, fell flat to ground for feare {{...}}.}}
#* {{RQ:Spenser Faerie Queene|II|iii|passage=The seely man seeing him ryde so '''rancke''', / And ayme at him, fell flat to ground for feare {{...}}.}}
#* {{RQ:Fairfax Godfrey of Bulloigne|passage=That rides so '''rank''' and bends his lance so fell.}}
#* {{RQ:Tasso Fairfax Godfrey of Bulloigne|passage=That rides so '''rank''' and bends his lance so fell.}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
From {{inh|en|enm|rank|t=line, row}}, from {{der|en|fro|ranc}}, {{m|fro|rang}}, {{m|fro|reng|t=line, row, rank}} (Modern {{cog|fr|rang}}), from {{der|en|frk|*hring|t=ring}}, from {{der|en|gem-pro|*hringaz|t=something bent or curved}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|rank|t=line, row}}, from {{der|en|fro|ranc}}, {{m|fro|rang}}, {{m|fro|reng|t=line, row, rank}} (Modern {{cog|fr|rang}}), from {{der|en|frk|*hring|t=ring}}, from {{der|en|gem-pro|*hringaz|t=something bent or curved}}.


Akin to {{cog|goh|hring|(h)ring}}, {{cog|ofs|hring}}, {{cog|ang|hring|hring, hrincg|ring}}, {{cog|non|hringr||ring, circle, queue, sword; ship}}. {{doublet|en|ring}}.
Akin to {{cog|goh|hring|(h)ring}}, {{cog|ofs|hring}}, {{cog|ang|hring|hring, hrincg|ring}}, {{cog|non|hringr||ring, circle, queue, sword; ship}}. {{doublet|en|ring|rink}}.


====Noun====
====Noun====
{{en-noun|~}}
{{en-noun|~}}


# A [[row]] of people or things organized in a [[grid]] pattern, often [[soldier]]s.
# {{senseid|en|row}} A [[row]] of people or things organized in a [[grid]] pattern, often [[soldier]]s.
#: {{ant|en|file}}
#: {{ant|en|file|id1=column}}
#: {{ux|en|The front '''rank''' kneeled to reload while the second '''rank''' fired over their heads.}}
#: {{ux|en|The front '''rank''' kneeled to reload while the second '''rank''' fired over their heads.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1684|author=Richard Elton|edition=2nd|title=The compleat body of the Art Military{{...}}|page=196|url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=zDpkAAAAcAAJ|text=The Musketeers being on both flancks, firſt firing let the '''Ranck''' ſtand, and fire every '''Ranck''', paſſing through before his leader{{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1684|author=Richard Elton|edition=2nd|title=The compleat body of the Art Military{{...}}|page=196|url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=zDpkAAAAcAAJ|text=The Musketeers being on both flancks, firſt firing let the '''Ranck''' ſtand, and fire every '''Ranck''', paſſing through before his leader{{...}}}}
#* {{RQ:Bindloss Dust of Conflict|chapter=7|passage=Then there was no more cover, for they straggled out, not in '''ranks''' but clusters, from among orange trees and tall, flowering shrubs{{...}}.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1907|author=[[w:Harold Edward Bindloss|Harold Bindloss]]
# {{senseid|en|horizontal line}} {{lb|en|chess}} One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number).
|title=The Dust of Conflict
#: {{ant|en|file|id1=vertical line}}
|chapter=7|url=http://openlibrary.org/works/OL4429277W
|passage=Then there was no more cover, for they straggled out, not in '''ranks''' but clusters, from among orange trees and tall, flowering shrubs{{...}}.}}
# {{lb|en|chess}} One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number).
#: {{ant|en|file}}
# {{lb|en|music}} In a [[pipe organ]], a set of pipes of a certain quality for which each pipe corresponds to one [[key]] or [[pedal]].
# {{lb|en|music}} In a [[pipe organ]], a set of pipes of a certain quality for which each pipe corresponds to one [[key]] or [[pedal]].
# One's position in a list sorted by a shared property such as physical [[location]], [[population]], or [[quality]].
# One's position in a list sorted by a shared property such as physical [[location]], [[population]], or [[quality]].
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der4|en|break rank| back rank|back-rank mate|circuit rank|coal rank|de-rank|flag rank|military rank|ordinal rank|other rank|rank and file|rank and yank|rank outsider|rank sum|rank-and-file|rank-and-filer|rank-nullity theorem|Spearman's rank correlation coefficient|cab off the rank|cab rank|cab-rank rule|close ranks|pull rank|taxi rank|full rank|rank badge|rank of apparition|rank-deficient|stack rank|keep rank}}
* {{l|en|break rank}}
* {{l|en|cab off the rank}}
* {{l|en|cab rank}}
* {{l|en|cab-rank rule}}
* {{l|en|close ranks}}
* {{l|en|pull rank}}
* {{l|en|taxi rank}}


=====Translations=====
=====Translations=====
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* Kurdish:
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t|ckb|ریز}}
*: Central Kurdish: {{t|ckb|ریز}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|gradus|m}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|gradus|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|ред|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kapa}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kapa}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fileira|f}}, {{t+|pt|coluna|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fileira|f}}, {{t+|pt|coluna|f}}
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{{trans-top|set of pipes in an organ}}
{{trans-top|set of pipes in an organ}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|register|n}}, {{t+|nl|werk|n}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|register|n}}, {{t+|nl|werk|n}}
{{trans-mid}}
* French: {{t+|fr|registre|m}}
* French: {{t+|fr|registre|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|verk}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|verk}}
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* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|ранг|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|ранг|m}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|秩|tr=zhì}}, {{t+|cmn|級}}, {{t+|cmn|级|tr=jí}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|秩|tr=zhì}}, {{t+|cmn|級|tr=jí}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|vico}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|vico}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|sija}}, {{t+|fi|sijoitus}}, {{t+|fi|taso}}, {{t+|fi|luokka}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|sija}}, {{t+|fi|sijoitus}}, {{t+|fi|taso}}, {{t+|fi|luokka}}
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* Irish: {{t|ga|oireachas|m}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|oireachas|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|rango|m}}, {{t+|it|ceto|m}}, {{t|it|[[condizione]] [[sociale]]|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|rango|m}}, {{t+|it|ceto|m}}, {{t|it|[[condizione]] [[sociale]]|f}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ចំណាត់ថ្នាក់}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|ចំណាត់ថ្នាក់}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|pangkat}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|pangkat}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|റാങ്ക്}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|റാങ്ക്}}
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* Swedish: {{t+|sv|klass|c}}, {{t+|sv|placering}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|klass|c}}, {{t+|sv|placering}}
* Tamil: {{t|ta|தரவரிசை}}
* Tamil: {{t|ta|தரவரிசை}}
* Tatar: {{t+|tt|дәрәҗә}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ยศ}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ยศ}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|cấp}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|cấp}}
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|luokka}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|luokka}}
* French: {{t+|fr|rang|m}}
* French: {{t+|fr|rang|m}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|랭크}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tupunga}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tupunga}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|cheo|c7|c8}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|cheo|c7|c8}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|rang|c}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|rang|c}}
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* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|ранг|m}}, {{t+|bg|зва́ние|n}}, {{t+|bg|чин|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|ранг|m}}, {{t+|bg|зва́ние|n}}, {{t+|bg|чин|m}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|軍階}}, {{t+|cmn|军阶|tr=jūnjiē}} {{qualifier|military}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|軍階|tr=jūnjiē}} {{qualifier|military}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|hodnost|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|hodnost|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|rang|c}}
* Danish: {{t|da|rang|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|rang|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|rang|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t-needed|eo}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|rango}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|auaste}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|auaste}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|arvo}}; {{t+|fi|sotilasarvo}} {{q|military}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|arvo}}; {{t+|fi|sotilasarvo}} {{q|military}}
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* Korean: {{t+|ko|계급(階級)}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|계급(階級)}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|gradus|m}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|gradus|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Latvian: {{t-needed|lv}}
* Latvian: {{t-needed|lv}}
* Lithuanian: {{t-needed|lt}}
* Lithuanian: {{t-needed|lt}}
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* Old Church Slavonic:
* Old Church Slavonic:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|cu|чинъ|m}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|cu|чинъ|m}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|مرتبه|tr=mertebe}}, {{t|ota|پایه|tr=paye}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|رتبه|tr=rotbe}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|رتبه|tr=rotbe}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|ranga|f}}, {{t+|pl|stopień|m}}, {{t+|pl|godność|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|ranga|f}}, {{t+|pl|stopień|m}}, {{t+|pl|godność|f}}
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{{trans-top|level in a taxonomy system}}
{{trans-top|level in a taxonomy system}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|taso}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|taso}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Line 308: Line 295:
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|aste}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|aste}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|რანგი}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|რანგი}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|rango}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|rango}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|rząd|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|rząd|m}}
Line 315: Line 301:


{{trans-top|dimensionality of an array or tensor}}
{{trans-top|dimensionality of an array or tensor}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Line 334: Line 319:
* Norwegian:
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|rad|f}}
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|rad|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|rząd|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|rząd|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fileira|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fileira|f}}
Line 351: Line 335:
{{trans-top|in plural: category of people, such as those who share an occupation}}
{{trans-top|in plural: category of people, such as those who share an occupation}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|rivit|p}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|rivit|p}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


Line 359: Line 342:
* Italian: {{t+|it|fila|f}}, {{t+|it|schiera|f}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Italian: {{t+|it|fila|f}}, {{t+|it|schiera|f}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Polish: {{t|pl|szeregi|p}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Polish: {{t|pl|szeregi|p}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
{{trans-mid}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|fila|f}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Spanish: {{t+|es|fila|f}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|sıra}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|sıra}} <!-- Was under: "lines or rows of people in an organization" -->
Line 369: Line 351:
# To place [[abreast]], or in a [[line]].
# To place [[abreast]], or in a [[line]].
# To have a [[ranking]].
# To have a [[ranking]].
#: ''Their defense '''ranked''' third in the league.''
#: {{ux|en|Their defense '''ranked''' third in the league.}}
#* {{RQ:Tennyson In Memoriam|XLI|64|I vex my heart with fancies dim:<br>⁠He still outstript me in the race;<br>⁠It was but unity of place<br>That made me dream I '''rank’d''' with him.}}
# To assign a suitable place in a [[class]] or [[order]]; to [[classify]].
# To assign a suitable place in a [[class]] or [[order]]; to [[classify]].
#* {{RQ:Watts Logick}}
#* {{RQ:Watts Logick|passage='''Ranking''' all things under general and special heads.}}
#* {{RQ:Homer Pope et al Odyssey|passage=Poets were '''ranked''' in the class of philosophers.}}
#*: '''Ranking''' all things under general and special heads.
#* {{RQ:Allestree Decay|passage=Heresy [is] '''ranked''' with idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, murders, and other sins of the flesh.}}
#* {{RQ:Broome Homer}}
#*: Poets were '''ranked''' in the class of philosophers.
#* {{RQ:Allestree Decay}}
#*: Heresy [is] '''ranked''' with idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, murders, and other sins of the flesh.
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1960|month=December|author=Cecil J. Allen|title=Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One|journal=Trains Illustrated|page=743|text=From time to time the coaches of the Lötschberg Railway itself, which in comfort and ''décor'' can '''rank''' with the finest in Europe today, travel far from the frontiers of Switzerland on through workings such as these.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1960|month=December|author=Cecil J. Allen|title=Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One|journal=Trains Illustrated|page=743|text=From time to time the coaches of the Lötschberg Railway itself, which in comfort and ''décor'' can '''rank''' with the finest in Europe today, travel far from the frontiers of Switzerland on through workings such as these.}}
# {{lb|en|US}} To take rank of; to [[outrank]].
# {{lb|en|US}} To take rank of; to [[outrank]].
Line 389: Line 369:
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[järjestää]] [[riviin]]}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[järjestää]] [[riviin]]}}
* French: {{t+|fr|ranger}}
* French: {{t+|fr|ranger}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|enfileirar}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|enfileirar}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}
Line 395: Line 374:
{{trans-top|to have a ranking}}
{{trans-top|to have a ranking}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|排名|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|名列|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|排名}}, {{t+|cmn|名列}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|sijoittaa}}, {{t+|fi|sijoittua}}, {{t+|fi|rankata}} {{q|sports only}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|sijoittaa}}, {{t+|fi|sijoittua}}, {{t+|fi|rankata}} {{q|sports only}}
* French: {{t+|fr|classer}}
* French: {{t+|fr|classer}}
{{trans-mid}}
* German: {{t|de|[[an]] [[ein]]er [[Stelle]] [[stehen]]}}, {{t+|de|rangieren}}
* German: {{t|de|[[an]] [[ein]]er [[Stelle]] [[stehen]]}}, {{t+|de|rangieren}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|ranquear}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|ranquear}}
Line 409: Line 387:
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|класифицирам}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|класифицирам}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|luokitella}}, (''by calculating someone numerically'') {{t+|fi|pisteyttää}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|luokitella}}, (''by calculating someone numerically'') {{t+|fi|pisteyttää}}
{{trans-mid}}
* French: {{t+|fr|coter}}
* French: {{t+|fr|coter}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|annoverare}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|gradera}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|gradera}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}
Line 419: Line 397:


===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=aknr|ARNK|Karn|karn|knar|kran|nark}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=aknr|knar|ARNK|Karn|Kanr|kran|nark|karn}}


[[Category:English intensifiers]]
[[Category:English intensifiers]]
[[Category:en:Smell]]
[[Category:en:Smell]]

----


==Dutch==
==Dutch==
Line 440: Line 416:


# [[slender]], [[svelte]]
# [[slender]], [[svelte]]

=====Inflection=====
{{nl-decl-adj}}


=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|nl|rankgebouwd}}
* {{l|nl|rankgebouwd}}

=====Inflection=====
{{nl-decl-adj}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
Line 469: Line 445:
===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{l|nl|karn}}
* {{l|nl|karn}}

----


==German==
==German==
Line 480: Line 454:
===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/ʁaŋk/}}
* {{IPA|de|/ʁaŋk/}}
* {{audio|de|De-rank.ogg|Audio}}
* {{audio|de|De-rank.ogg}}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===

Revision as of 23:41, 11 August 2024

See also: Rank, ránk, and ränk

Translingual

Symbol

rank

  1. (mathematics) The symbol for rank.

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɹæŋk/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -æŋk

Etymology 1

From Middle English rank (strong, proud), from Old English ranc (proud, haughty, arrogant, insolent, forward, overbearing, showy, ostentatious, splendid, bold, valiant, noble, brave, strong, full-grown, mature), from Proto-West Germanic *rank, from Proto-Germanic *rankaz (straight), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (straight, direct). Cognate with Dutch rank (slender, slim), Low German rank (slender, projecting, lank), Danish rank (straight, erect, slender), Swedish rank (slender, shaky, wonky), Icelandic rakkur (straight, slender, bold, valiant).

Adjective

rank (comparative ranker or more rank, superlative rankest or most rank)

  1. (obsolete) Strong; powerful; capable of acting or being used with great effect; energetic; vigorous; headstrong.
    1. Strong in growth; growing with vigour or rapidity, hence, coarse or gross.
      rank grass
      rank weeds
      1. Causing strong growth; producing luxuriantly; rich and fertile.
        rank land
        • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. [], London: [] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock [], and J[onathan] Robinson [], →OCLC:
          fow Sprat or Fullum Barley, which is the best for rank Land, because it doth not run ſo much to Straw
      2. Suffering from overgrowth or hypertrophy; plethoric.
        • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, [], →OCLC, part I:
          The moon had spread over everything a thin layer of silver—over the rank grass, over the mud, upon the wall of matted vegetation standing higher than the wall of a temple []
    2. Strong to the senses; offensive; noisome.
      1. Having a very strong and bad taste or odor.
        Synonyms: stinky, smelly, (UK) pongy
        Your gym clothes are rank, bro – when'd you last wash 'em?
      2. (informal) Gross, disgusting, foul.
  2. (intensifier, negative) complete, unmitigated, utter.
    Synonyms: thorough, virulent
    rank treason
    rank nonsense
    I am a rank amateur as a wordsmith.
    • 2018 June 18, Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport[1], archived from the original on 21 April 2019:
      England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue of rank carelessness from [Gareth] Southgate's side.
    • 2011 March 1, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Man Utd”, in BBC:
      Chelsea remain rank outsiders to retain their crown and they still lie 12 points adrift of United, but Ancelotti will regard this as a performance that supports his insistence that they can still have a say when the major prizes are handed out this season.
  3. (obsolete) lustful; lascivious
Derived terms
Translations

Adverb

rank (comparative more rank, superlative most rank)

  1. (obsolete) Quickly, eagerly, impetuously.

Etymology 2

From Middle English rank (line, row), from Old French ranc, rang, reng (line, row, rank) (Modern French rang), from Frankish *hring (ring), from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (something bent or curved).

Akin to Old High German (h)ring, Old Frisian hring, Old English hring, hrincg (ring), Old Norse hringr (ring, circle, queue, sword; ship). Doublet of ring and rink.

Noun

rank (countable and uncountable, plural ranks)

  1. A row of people or things organized in a grid pattern, often soldiers.
    Antonym: file
    The front rank kneeled to reload while the second rank fired over their heads.
    • 1684, Richard Elton, The compleat body of the Art Military [] [2], 2nd edition, page 196:
      The Musketeers being on both flancks, firſt firing let the Ranck ſtand, and fire every Ranck, paſſing through before his leader []
    • 1907 January, Harold Bindloss, chapter 7, in The Dust of Conflict, 1st Canadian edition, Toronto, Ont.: McLeod & Allen, →OCLC:
      Then there was no more cover, for they straggled out, not in ranks but clusters, from among orange trees and tall, flowering shrubs [] .
  2. (chess) One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number).
    Antonym: file
  3. (music) In a pipe organ, a set of pipes of a certain quality for which each pipe corresponds to one key or pedal.
  4. One's position in a list sorted by a shared property such as physical location, population, or quality.
    Based on your test scores, you have a rank of 23.
    The fancy hotel was of the first rank.
  5. The level of one's position in a class-based society.
  6. (typically in the plural) A category of people, such as those who share an occupation or belong to an organisation.
    a membership drawn from the ranks of wealthy European businessmen
    • 2017 September 23, “From north Wales to Norfolk, distraught beekeepers ask: who’s stealing our hives?”, in The Observer[3]:
      Earlier this month police in Norfolk were called after five hives thought to contain around 60,000 bees and £600 worth of honey were taken. [...] Suspicions among beekeepers that the culprits come from their own ranks were underlined by the fact that a bee smoker was left at the scene by someone who presumably knew that it could be used to calm the insects before taking them.
  7. A hierarchical level in an organization such as the military.
    Private First Class (PFC) is the second-lowest rank in the Marines.
    He rose up through the ranks of the company, from mailroom clerk to CEO.
  8. (taxonomy) A level in a scientific taxonomy system.
    Phylum is the taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class.
  9. (mathematics) The dimensionality of an array (computing) or tensor.
  10. (linear algebra) The maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix.
  11. (algebra) The maximum quantity of D-linearly independent elements of a module (over an integral domain D).
  12. (mathematics) The size of any basis of a given matroid.
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

rank (third-person singular simple present ranks, present participle ranking, simple past and past participle ranked)

  1. To place abreast, or in a line.
  2. To have a ranking.
    Their defense ranked third in the league.
  3. To assign a suitable place in a class or order; to classify.
    • 1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, [], 2nd edition, London: [] John Clark and Richard Hett, [], Emanuel Matthews, [], and Richard Ford, [], published 1726, →OCLC:
      Ranking all things under general and special heads.
    • 1725–1726, Homer, “(please specify the book or chapter of the Odyssey)”, in [William Broome, Elijah Fenton, and Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. [], London: [] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:
      Poets were ranked in the class of philosophers.
    • 1667, attributed to Richard Allestree, The Causes of the Decay of Christian Piety. [], London: [] R. Norton for T. Garthwait, [], →OCLC:
      Heresy [is] ranked with idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, murders, and other sins of the flesh.
    • 1960 December, Cecil J. Allen, “Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One”, in Trains Illustrated, page 743:
      From time to time the coaches of the Lötschberg Railway itself, which in comfort and décor can rank with the finest in Europe today, travel far from the frontiers of Switzerland on through workings such as these.
  4. (US) To take rank of; to outrank.
Derived terms
Translations

References

Anagrams

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ranc, from Old Dutch *ranc, from Proto-West Germanic *rank, from Proto-Germanic *rankaz.[1]

Adjective

rank (comparative ranker, superlative rankst)

  1. slender, svelte
Inflection
Declension of rank
uninflected rank
inflected ranke
comparative ranker
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial rank ranker het rankst
het rankste
indefinite m./f. sing. ranke rankere rankste
n. sing. rank ranker rankste
plural ranke rankere rankste
definite ranke rankere rankste
partitive ranks rankers
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch ranc, ranke, from Old Dutch *rank, from Frankish hranca.

Noun

rank f (plural ranken, diminutive rankje n)

  1. tendril, a thin winding stem
  2. name of various vines
  3. an object or ornamental pattern resembling a stem
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ J. de Vries & F. de Tollenaere, "Etymologisch Woordenboek", Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, Utrecht, 1986 (14de druk)

Anagrams

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German rank, ranc, from Old Saxon *rank, from Proto-West Germanic *rank.

Pronunciation

Adjective

rank (strong nominative masculine singular ranker, comparative ranker, superlative am ranksten)

  1. (poetic, dated, except in the phrase rank und schlank) lithe, lissome

Declension

Verb

rank

  1. singular imperative of ranken

Further reading

  • rank” in Duden online
  • rank” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache